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【题目】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误,每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏词符号(^),并在此符号下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处多者(从第11处起)不计分。

We all knew we can’t live on our own. A lot of things are very important in our lives, such as animals which are usual considered as one of the most essential part. They help us in many ways except providing their meat for us and making our diet variously. Moreover, people get much fun and pleasure when lived with them. In my opinion, how the animals give us may be more than the things we do for them, but they are our great and honest friends. So in the return, we should do our best protect them because we can not live without them.

【答案】第一行 knew ----know

第二行 usual ---usually part ---parts

第三行 except---besides variously --- various

第四行 lived ---living how ---what

第五行 but ---and in the return删掉the do our best 后加to

【解析】

1knew---know 考查时态。此处我们知道是事实,用一般现在时表示,故knew---know

2usual---usually 考查副词。此处usually是修饰considered,应该用副词。故usual---usually

3part---parts 考查名词单复数。One of 后面跟的是许多,是其中之一,故part---parts

4except---besides 考查连词。句意:他们在许多方面帮助我们,除了为我们提供他们的肉,并使我们的饮食不同。除了帮助我们这一方面其他的也帮忙。所以这一方面是包括在内的。故except---besides

5variously---various 考查形容词。make这里是作为使役动词,意为使,让make sb/ sth + adj. 使某人/某物...。故variously---various

6lived---living 考查动词。句意:当我们住在一起的时候,是当时住在一起的时候获得欢乐,应该用进行时表示状态。故lived---living

7how---what 考查引导词。句意:这些动物给了我们什么,故how---what

8but---and 考查连词。前后表示的都是肯定的意思,而非转折的意思,应该用and连接。故but---and

9protect---to protect 考查固定用法。do our best to do sth尽我们最大的努力去做.......,故protect---to protect

10in the---in 考查固定用法。In return作为回报。故in the---in

在短文改错中常出现的错误主要有以下几类:

1. 名词单复数用错,可数与不可数名词的混用。比如第3题:考查名词单复数。One of 后面跟的是许多,是其中之一,故part---parts

2. 动词:时态和语态,常出现在总体时态为过去或现在时,中间杂有不适的另一时态的现象;或是及物动词后无宾语,或是不及物动词后加了宾语;需要接ing形式的接了to,或相反等。比如第1题:考查时态。此处我们知道是事实,用一般现在时表示,故knew---know

3. 形容词副词:常出现需形容词的地方用了副词或相反;关系副词wherewhenwhy等的缺失或错用。比如第5题:考查形容词。make这里是作为使役动词,意为使,让make sb/ sth + adj. 使某人/某物...。故variously---various

4. 介词:主要是介词的多余或缺失,错用。

5. 主谓一致性:第三人称单数漏掉s,或主语为复数,谓语动词用了单数;再就是就近原则对主语的影响。

6. 冠词:定冠词the的多余或缺失,如季节,月份,星期,球类及三餐活动,称呼头衔前等不能加the的地方加了the。比如第10题:考查固定用法。In return作为回报。故in the---in

7. 数词:主要是序数词与基数词的混用和错用。

8. 连词:不合句中的逻辑关系。如需转折连词(如but)的时候用了承接连词(so),或相反等等。比如第8题:考查连词。前后表示的都是肯定的意思,而非转折的意思,应该用and连接。故but---and。比如第4题:考查连词。句意:他们在许多方面帮助我们,除了为我们提供他们的肉,并使我们的饮食不同。除了帮助我们这一方面其他的也帮忙。所以这一方面是包括在内的。故except---besides

9. 代词:主要是代词的格与数的错用。如男性用了女性代词,单数用了复数代词或相反;应当用形容词性的物主代词用了宾格,主格或相反,关系代词的错用或缺失。

10. 常用固定短语或固定用法及句型用错。比如第9题:考查固定用法。do our best to do sth尽我们最大的努力去做.......,故protect---to protect

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