Question

【题目】Overcoming Obstacles: How Your Biggest Failure Can Lead to Your Success

There’s been a lot written on the theme of failure and how essential it is to success. In a world where 【1】 is given for people’s accomplishments, failing feels dangerous. The fear of failure can stop people taking risks that might lead to success.

Heidi Grant Halvorson, a psychologist, points out much of success is 【2】 not on talent but on learning from your mistakes.

About half of the people in the world hold that ability in an area --- be it creative or social skill --- is natural. The other half believes, instead, that someone might have a preference or something --- say painting or speaking foreign languages --- but this ability can be improved through 【3】 practice or training.

It’s almost impossible to think rationally (理性地) while shouting at yourself, “I’m a failure”. But when you 【4】 your thinking, you will probably see what you can control --- your behavior, your planning, your reactions --- and change them.

The primary 【5】 between successful people and unsuccessful people is that the successful people fail more. If you see failure as a monster approaching you, take another look.

Success is as scary as failure. Researchers report that satisfaction grows on challenges. Think about it --- a computer game you can always win is boring; one you can win 【6】, and with considerable effort, is fun. In pursuit of success, failure exposes areas that you need to 【7】. So the failure serves as a brick wall to test how you apply yourself to 【8】 your objectives and how much you want them.

There is a way to distinguish whether a failure 【9】 you to double down or walk away, says Halvorson. If, when things get rough, you remain fascinated by your goal, you should keep going. If what you’re doing is costing you too much time and energy or it’s not bringing you joy, you should give a second thought to the 【10】 of your goal and even set a new one.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】E

【3】A

【4】H

【5】B

【6】F

【7】C

【8】I

【9】J

【10】G

【解析】

本文是一篇议论文。对失败的恐惧可以阻止人们冒险，这可能会导致成功。文章论述的是“克服障碍”：如何让你最大的失败导致你的成功。

【1】考查名词。句意：在一个把成就归功于人的世界里，失败是危险的。where引导的定语从句中缺少主语，此处用名词作主语，结合句意可知答案为credit“信誉”，故选D。

【2】考查形容词。句意：心理学家海蒂·格兰特·霍尔沃森(Heidi Grant Halvorson)指出，成功很大程度上取决于个人，不是靠天分，而是靠从错误中学习。固定词组：be dependent on“依赖，取决于”，结合句意可知答案为dependent“独立的”，故选E。

【3】考查形容词。句意：而另一半则认为，有些人可能有某种偏好，比如绘画或说外语，但这种能力可以通过刻意的练习或训练来提高。此处是形容词修饰名词，结合句意可知答案为deliberate“刻意的，故意的”，故选A。

【4】考查动词。句意：但是当你改变你的想法时，你可能会看到你能控制什么——你的行为，你的计划，你的反应——然后改变它们。When引导的时间状语从句中缺少谓语动词，结合句意可知答案为shift“改变”，故选H。

【5】考查名词。句意：成功人士和不成功人士的主要区别在于，成功人士失败得更多。此处用名词作主语，结合句意可知答案为distinction“差别”，故选B。

【6】考查副词。句意：想想看---一个你总能赢的电脑游戏是无聊的；一个你偶尔可以赢得，并付出相当努力，是有趣的。此处副词修饰动词，结合句意可知答案为occasionally“偶尔”，故选F。

【7】考查动词。句意：在追求成功的过程中，失败暴露了你需要改进的地方。固定搭配：need to do sth.此处应该用动词形式，结合句意可知答案为polish“修改”，故选C。

【8】考查形容词。句意：因此，失败就像一堵砖墙，考验你如何努力实现目标，以及你有多想实现目标。此处表示“实现”，介词to后用动词-ing形式，答案为fulfilling，故选I。

【9】考查名词。句意：有一种方法可以辨别一个失败是否意味着你要加倍努力。此处signal是动词，意思是“标志，意味着”。结合句意可知答案为signal，故选J。

【10】考查名词。句意：如果你正在做的事情花费了你太多的时间和精力，或者它没有给你带来快乐，你应该重新考虑你的目标的可行性，甚至设立一个新的目标。分析句子结构the ___10___ of your goal可知此处用名词形式，结合句意可知答案为feasibility“可行性”，故选G。