During adolescence(青春期), peers（同龄人） play a large part in a young person's life and typically replace family as the center of a teen's social activities. Some kids give in to peer pressure because they want to be liked or because they worry that other kids may make fun of them if they don't go along with the group. Others may go along because they are curious to try something new that others are doing. The idea that "everyone's doing it" may influence some kids to leave their better judgment, or their common sense, behind.
As children grow, develop, and move into early adolescence, contacts with one's peers and the attraction of peer identification (认同)increases. As pre-adolescents begin rapid physical, emotional and social changes, they begin to question adult standards and the need for parental guidance. They find it good to turn for advice to friends who understand— friends who are in the same position themselves. By trying new things and testing their ideas with their peers, there is less fear of being laughed at.
There are two levels of peer pressure. The first is in the large group: for most teens a school or a youth group are examples. This is the situation that gets the most attention. The second is in the close relationship with one or several best friends. This is the situation that is sometimes disregarded. The large group puts a general pressure on its members. It sets the standard for clothing, music, entertainment, and "political correctness". The pressure can be avoided by keeping quiet or by putting on the appearance of agreement.
【小题1】Why can’t some children follow their common sense?
| A．Because they want to be liked by everybody. |
| B．Because they don’t want to make fun of others. |
| C．Because they are curious about their new friends. |
| D．Because they think all the children will do the same. |
| A．Parents | B．Teachers | C．Friends | D．Classmates |
| A．unnoticed | B．mentioned | C．disagreed | D．avoided |
| A．The reasons of peer pressure. |
| B．The advantages of peer pressure. |
| C．Peer pressure from close friends. |
| D．Peer pressure from a youth group. |
【小题1】D
【小题2】C
【小题3】A
【小题4】C
解析试题分析：本文讲述的是在青少年的成长过程中，他们的同龄人对他们有很大的影响。文章里分析了具体的原因以及两种不同种类的同龄人的影响。
【小题1】D 推理题。根据文章第一段最后一句The idea that "everyone's doing it" may influence some kids to leave their better judgment, or their common sense, behind. 可知"everyone's doing it“每个人都会这样的事情”的想法会影响孩子忘记常识。故D正确。
【小题2】C 细节题。根据文章第2段3,4行They find it good to turn for advice to friends who understand— friends who are in the same position themselves.可知很多孩子都会向他们的朋友征询建议。故C正确。
【小题3】A 猜测词义题。根据本句The second is in the close relationship with one or several best friends. This is the situation that is sometimes disregarded.可知这样的情况和The first is in the large group中的群体给他的影响不一样，往往会受到人们的忽视。故该词是指A项含义。
【小题4】C 推理题。在文章最后一段的最后3行The large group puts a general pressure on its members. It sets the standard for clothing, music, entertainment, and "political correctness". The pressure can be avoided by keeping quiet or by putting on the appearance of agreement. 一直都在讲述群体对孩子的影响，那么接下来讲述的应该是作为个体的朋友对孩子的影响。故C正确。
考点：考察教育类短文阅读
科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
To many students, high school is just a basic routine. You go to class in the morning, take a break for lunch and go home in the afternoon.
This isn't quite that simple for pupils at Royal West Academy. As if classes and homework weren’t already enough, students are also required to complete a range of extracurricular activities, or ECAs.
The range of ECAs being offered at the school is various, including everything from guitar and jewelry-making clubs, fund-raising marches, to student committees, swimming and tennis.
“I love ECAs. I’m so happy we have them,” said grade 11 student Adrienne, who is a soccer player and member of the graduation committee. “They motivate the students, and they’re a great bonding experience. I think that without them, not half as many students would be joining up for the soccer team.”
Requiring students to complete ECAs is a sign of the times. That’s because young people are preparing for the future in ways that weren’t considered necessary before. This is an era when ECAs are seen as important. Whether it’s for leadership experience, sports, craft skills or volunteer these things are seen as rounding out the individual and improving their future.
ECAs can also help students discover their likes and dislikes. But as the old song says, you can’t always get what you want, especially when so many students are all trying to sign up for the most popular activities.
ECAs can cut into study and homework time if you’re not careful. You really have to get organized or you’ll fall apart.
【小题1】The students at Royal West Academy may do the following ECAs except ______.
| A．to play musical instruments |
| B．to raise money for an organization |
| C．to attend sports events |
| D．to have classes discussions |
| A．most of his classmates are interested in football |
| B．one can make many new friends in ECAs |
| C．students get encouraged to join in ECAs |
| D．half of his classmates are unwilling to join in ECAs. |
| A．They prepare the students for their future. |
| B．They can make students get what they want. |
| C．they can help students find their strong points. |
| D．They can reduce students’ learning time. |
| A．ECAs can increase your burden of learning |
| B．you may fall down when playing in ECAs |
| C．too many ECAs may leave you in trouble |
| D．you need to organize other students in ECAs |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
A study suggests that although most students at UK universities are happy with their courses, dissatisfaction has grown as fees rise．The study highlights a big variation in teaching time, and lists different ideas about the value of getting university degrees．
Katharine Collins, a second-year college student
The course has been very interesting, but I was expecting a little more one-to-one time with my teacher．
We do about four assignments （作业） each term, each of which is about 3,000 words．However, sometimes they are not that helpful．We hope to be given the right to write feedback （反馈） after every assignment, but we had no feedback at all throughout the first year．We are given grades about three weeks after we hand the assignments in．There is no feedback on where we have gone wrong or how we might improve．
Lee Millington, a creative-writing student
I choose the courses because of its reputation．There is a lack of one-to-one teaching．I would like personalized feedback from an expert in my field of writing．Some of the lectures have been quite helpful but they try to use too many different styles of writing．For example, if you want to be a poet, you might find that the lectures focus too much on novels．
I think there is too much attention paid to sharing our work in workshops and giving each other feedback．I think there should be more time given to actual teaching, rather than to feedback from people who are at a similar level to me．
Reporters from Hounsdown Secondary School, Ella, 16
When I work independently, I feel I have more freedom to develop my ideas and come up with more original viewpoints．The price of university will still be worth it to get the qualifications （资格证书）necessary for better jobs．
Tyier, 16
Although the cost of university is very high now, I think university is required for gaining a good and well-paid job．
Agencies
【小题1】We can learn from the beginning of the article that .
| A．Most of the university students at UK are dissatisfied with their courses. |
| B．The higher and higher pay for their courses accounts for the rise of the UK students’ dissatisfaction. |
| C．All the students at UK universities hold a similar attitude towards the value of getting university degrees. |
| D．The student’s purpose is to highlight the importance of gaining a university diploma. |
| A．She is content with the assignments given in each term. |
| B．She has never been given one-to-one time with her teacher before. |
| C．She didn’t think highly of the value of the assignments at the university. |
| D．She benefits from the assignments a lot because they are helpful. |
| A．Because he wants to be a great writer in the future. |
| B．Because he is interested in it from his heart. |
| C．Because he hope to make a better living before long． |
| D．Because the course has a high reputation in society． |
| A．Ella． | B．Tyler． | C．Lee． | D．Katharine． |
| A．The value for university degrees． |
| B．The higher pay for courses at university． |
| C．The terrible assignments at university． |
| D．The puzzle of the students at university． |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Homework and stress are rarely reduced inside the classroom. Meanwhile, outside the classroom, the pressure is on to find scholarships for college.
According to Braintrack, a higher education database with worldwide reach, more than 3 billion US dollars (18 billion yuan) in private scholarships are awarded to college students annually. Average awards range from $2,000 to $3,000.
The scholarship application process is similar to the college application process: forms to be completed, test scores and transcripts to be sent, essays to be written and often interviews to be prepared for.
A few great places to start looking for scholarships are: www.fastweb.com, www.finaid.org and www.collegexpress.com.Check out the annual scholarship guidebooks Scholarships, Grants & Prizes by Peterson’s and the Ultimate Scholarship Book: Billions of Dollars in Scholarships, Grants and Prizes by Gen Tanabe and Kelly Tanabe.
Be selective. Thoroughly research the qualifications required by each of the scholarships. Don’t waste your time applying for those that are need-based if you can’t produce the appropriate documents.
Research past recipients (接受者). Check out the websites of the organizations sponsoring the scholarships. Many post the biographies of past recipients. You don’t need to have cured cancer, but if you don’t think your résumé (履历) measures up to the past winners’, you might be better served by moving onto the next scholarship on your list. Prepare for the interview.
You’ll want to dazzle them with your personality, but above all you’ll want to be prepared. Find someone you trust to conduct a similar interview with you – someone who will be honest with you and provide valuable suggestions.
Let your personality shine through in your essays. The essays are the best way for students to share who they are, where they’ve come from, what they’ve overcome and so on. Tell your story in an interesting and persuasive way. And if you do have an interview, send a thank-you note afterward.
By Lee Bierer
【小题1】What is the author’s main purpose in writing the article?
| A．To explain where to find scholarships for US colleges. |
| B．To inform readers of the scholarship application process. |
| C．To introduce some typical scholarships offered by US colleges. |
| D．To give tips on applying for US college scholarships. |
| A．www.collegexpress.com |
| B．the annual scholarship guidebooks published by Peterson’s |
| C．the websites of the organizations sponsoring the scholarships |
| D．The Ultimate Scholarship Book: Billions of Dollars in Scholarships, Grants and Prizes |
| A．influence | B．impress | C．guide | D．present |
| A．apply for as many scholarships as you can |
| B．tell an interesting story in your essay |
| C．do a similar interview to help you prepare for the real one |
| D．have a talk with past recipients and try to talk like they do |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Boys need friends, suffer when they don't believe they have any, and worry over the ups and downs of relationships. Many adults believe that somehow boys need friends less than girls do, in truth, though, no boy is an island; boys value their friends throughout childhood and adolescence and are happier and healthier when they have solid relationships with peers.
Despite the common belief that girls are better at relationships, most boys consider their friends a very important part of their lives, and boys may actually be better at keeping friendships than girls are. A recent study of 10 to 15yearold boys and girls found that girls' friendships are actually more fragile. Girls tend to say and do hurtful things to each other more frequently than boys, and girls are more hurt by the end of a friendship.
Boys are the living definition of the phrase “peer group”; they love games with rules, competition, and doing things together. Boys seem to enjoy, even need the opportunity to test themselves against others, and many lasting friendships begin in karate (空手道) class or on the basketball court. Competence and skill are widely respected; being picked last for a team or left out altogether is an experience that can haunt (萦绕心头) a boy for years.
As boys mature, the friendship becomes even more important, and it frequently widens to include girls. During the teen years, friends can become the most important part of a boy's life—and a part in which his parents are not included. The confusion of being a teenager leads boys to form close bonds with friends. There is the sense for many boys that a friend is someone who is “always there for me”， someone he can trust. They may be partners in crime or partners in study, but the friendship of adolescent boys can run surprisingly deep.
【小题1】According to the text, boys' friendship________.
| A．is usually built around active play |
| B．tends to be in small groups |
| C．can bear mutual hurt between friends |
| D．doesn't suffer from failure |
| A．many people believe girls are better at relationships |
| B．most boys consider their friends very important |
| C．boys may be better at keeping friendships than girls |
| D．boys may be more active in a friendship |
| A．widen his circle of friends to include different kinds of people |
| B．shift his focus from his friends to himself |
| C．leave his parents out of his friendship |
| D．be confused about what a friendship is |
| A．Friendships between Boys and Girls |
| B．Boys and Their Friendship |
| C．Childhood and Adolescent Friendship |
| D．Tips on Making Friends with Boys |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
I am a strong believer that if a child is raised with approval (准允), he learns to love himself and will be successful in his own way. Several weeks ago, I was doing homework with my son in the third grade and he kept standing up from his chair to go over the math lines. I kept asking him to sit down, telling him that he would concentrate better. He sat but seconds later, as if he didn’t even notice he was doing it, he got up again. I was getting frustrated (受挫), but then it hit me. I started noticing his answers were much quicker and accurate when he stood up. Could he be more absorbed while standing up?
This made me start questioning myself and what I had been raised to believe. I was raised to believe that a quiet, calm child was a sure way to success. This child would have the willpower to study hard, get good grades and become someone important in life.
Now those same people perhaps come to realize that their kids are born with their own sets of DNA and personality qualities, and all you can do is loving and accepting them. As parents, throughout their growing years and beyond that, we need to be our kids’ best cheerleaders, guiding them and helping them find their way.
I have stopped asking my son to sit down and concentrate. Obviously, he is concentrating just in his own way and not mine. We need to learn to accept our kids’ ways of doing things. Some way may have worked for me but doesn’t mean we need to carry it through generations. There is nothing sweeter than being personal and unique (独特的). It makes us free and happy and that’s just the way I want my kids to live their own life.
【小题1】Time and again the author got his son seated in order to make him ______.
| A．work fast | B．go polite | C．stay relaxed | D．keep attentive |
| A．his son’s doing better while standing up |
| B．his failure in keeping his son under control |
| C．his own experience as a school boy |
| D．his disappointment with his active child |
| A．correct their kids’ manners from the early ages |
| B．respect and trust their kids’ ways of behaviors |
| C．develop a good relationship with their children |
| D．guarantee their children’s freedom at home |
| A．Parental help with teens’ study |
| B．Adult influence on teen growth |
| C．Kids’ success in their own styles |
| D．Friendship between generations |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Having spent two and a half years in China over several visits, I don’t remember ever going through a phase we in the United States call “cultural shock”. This period of difficulty in adjusting to a new culture would probably have set in during my semester at Peking University. Of course, this is not to say that I didn’t notice any differences between the American and Chinese cultures upon my arrival at Peking University, I did notice the differences. Looking back, I remember one of the first differences I noticed: Chinese universities are surrounded by walls.
To an American, this is one of the most striking aspects of a Chinese university which immediately sets it apart from an American campus. Having grown up in the United States, I had never seen a university surrounded by high, cement(水泥) walls. My idea of a university, based on having seen scores of them in different states of the U.S., was a place of life and learning, an inseparable part of the community in which it was located, open not only to the students of the school itself, but also fully accessible to students from other schools and to the broader public.
My idea of a university was that it was a center of cultural life, a resource for the entire community. In all my twenty-one years, it had never occurred to me that a school would have a wall around it. Walls enclose and separate; schools expand and integrate(合并). The very idea seemed fundamentally incompatible. I asked a Chinese friend if all Chinese universities have walls around them. “You know, I have never really thought about it. I guess so. I guess all Chinese schools have walls around them, not just universities.” “Why?” I asked, “What’s the point?” “I don’t know. To protect us, I suppose.” “From whom?” “I don’t know. Don’t you have walls around your schools in the United States?” I thought carefully before answering. “No, I’ve never seen or heard of a university encircled by a wall.” My Chinese friend seemed puzzled. Walls around schools came to strike me as more than just an architectural difference between the United States and China. As China continues to open up to the outside world, these walls seem increasingly out of place.
【小题1】The author felt strange about Chinese culture when he ___________.
| A．studied in Peking University |
| B．talked with his friends about the walls |
| C．experienced the “cultural shock” at his arrival |
| D．spent two and a half years in China over several visits |
| A．where only students can come to study |
| B．which is similar everywhere in the world |
| C．that should be surrounded by high cement walls |
| D．that is an inseparable part of and a resource for the community |
| A．The two ideas are fundamental. |
| B．The two ideas are basically different. |
| C．The two ideas about “school” and “wall” are suitable. |
| D．The two ideas about “school” and “wall” are conflicting. |
| A．He thought it a good idea to have walls encircling schools. |
| B．He was shocked that American universities are not enclosed. |
| C．He thought they were necessary to protect students from being hurt. |
| D．He thought the difference between two countries is only architectural styles. |
| A．walls are really useful in the universities |
| B．he can never really understand the Chinese culture |
| C．Chinese universities should work as public scenic spots |
| D．walls around the universities are inappropriate in an open China |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
You put a great deal of effort into reaching the college of your choice. It’s time to get started. But what’s next? Beginning college can be an exciting but awkward time. Follow these tips to adjust to your new life rapidly and make the most of your college experience.
● To save time and money, use the college’s bus system. Taking the bus to school is quick, easy and free in most college towns. You won’t have to locate or afford a place to park either. It’s also a good way to be environmentally aware.
● Save pennies on books by waiting until class starts. You might not even need all of the recommended books. New textbooks cost an arm and a leg. Try buying used textbooks — it’s a surefire way to save money and serves the purpose as well.
● Do never look at college life as an endless series of parties and social activities. But there is a whole lot more to college if you’re serious about graduating. Having a good college experience is all about balancing work and fun.
● Be aware that your living environment can largely affect your academic success. If the dorm doesn’t suit you, consider living at home with your family or renting your own apartment. The best location for your studies isn’t always your dorm. Find a quiet area, like the library, to do your work. Alternatively, buy some headphones that block out noise.
● Be mindful of your diet. Make healthy food choices and watch what you eat. Avoid foods that are processed or high in sugar. The “freshman 15” is real. Many college students gain at least 15 pounds during their freshmen year.
● While electives (选修课) can be helpful when figuring out your major, you shouldn’t entirely rely on them. Clubs and other organizations exist around. Get involved. Make sure, though, that you still have time to study. Having too much on your plate can hurt your grades.
【小题1】Which of the following ideas can be financially wise?
| A．Driving your own car. | B．Buying used books. |
| C．Renting an apartment. | D．Attending activities. |
| A．academic failures | B．physical problems |
| C．traffic accidents | D．social activities |
| A．attend limited activities on campus |
| B．have little regular physical exercise |
| C．focus less on their academic work |
| D．take relaxed attitudes to their diets |
| A．using too much money for meals |
| B．eating too many unhealthy foods |
| C．taking part in too many after-class activities |
| D．taking an elective that has too many students |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
It's common for parents to feel emotional when the moment comes for their child to leave home and go to university. Even parents who don't speak about the event are likely to feel a sense of sadness because it’s the end of an era where you and your family were at the centre of your child's world. As a parent you’ll probably continue to support your child in different ways, but the main job of raising your child is over. It's a huge change for everyone involved.
There are a few things that you can do to make the transition easier. Plan carefully for your child's departure and think about how you can help. Many parents take their child to university for the first time. If you decide to do that, be ready to feel a real wrench when the time comes to say goodbye. Your child will probably be as nervous as you are about the moment when you finally say goodbye – but that might not show!
Be positive and cheerful about the choice your child has made to continue studying, and plan to leave once you've unpacked the car and looked around your child's new living accommodations. If you can, save your tears for the car – you'll make things easier on your child and yourself.
The more you've invested in being a parent, the more you'll feel a sense of loss, so the sadness you feel now is a sign that you've been a good mom or dad. Remind yourself that parenting is all about raising an independent and confident child who functions well without you. If your child quickly settles and starts enjoying himself, you should congratulate yourself.
It's also only fair to allow yourself some time to grieve(悲痛). Don't expect to pick yourself up and move on straight away. But you may decide to find a hobby or sport to fill your extra time. Perhaps you've always wanted to learn a new language, go to yoga classes or take up swimming. You may decide to spend more time with family and close friends, who are likely to be feeling the absence of your child as well.
Agree on the best approach to staying in touch before your child leaves, and stick to your agreement. Try not to panic if your child doesn't respond immediately – remember, they're starting a new and busy life.
【小题1】Why do parents feel sad when their child leaves home for college?
| A．Because the absence of their child makes them feel lonely. |
| B．Because their children will start a new life in college. |
| C．Because they are no longer the main focus of their children’s life. |
| D．Because it means the end of love between parents and their child. |
| A．sorrow | B．regret | C．anger | D．love |
| A．Supporting your child in different ways all the time. |
| B．Congratulating yourself when your child goes to college. |
| C．Investing as much as possible in the growth of your child. |
| D．Preparing your child to stand on their own feet in the future. |
| A．Staying in touch with your child. |
| B．Learning a new language. |
| C．Spending more time with close friends. |
| D．Developing a new hobby or sport. |
| A．Staying in Touch with Your Child |
| B．Preparing to Say Goodbye to Your Child |
| C．Dealing with Your Child Leaving Home for University |
| D．Life after Your Child Has Left Home for University |
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