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    　　Large companies need a way to reach the savings of the public at large．The same problem, on a smaller scale, faces practically every company trying to develop new products and create new jobs．There can be little hope of raising the money needed from friends and people we know, and while banks may agree to provide short-term finance, they are generally unwilling to provide money for long-term projects．So companies turn to the public, inviting people to lend them money, or take a share in the business in exchange for a share in future interests．They do this by issuing stocks and shares in the business through the Stock Exchange．By doing so they can put into circulation the savings of single persons and institutions, both at home and abroad．

    　　When the saver needs his money back, he does not have to go to the company with whom originally placed it．Instead, he sells his shares through a stockbroker to some other saver who is seeking to invest his money．

    　　Many of the services needed both by industry and by each of us are provided by the government or by local organizations．Without hospitals, roads, electricity, telephones, railways, this country could not work．All these require continuous spending on new equipment and new development if they are to serve us properly, frequently need to borrow money to finance major capital spending, and they, too, come to the Stock Exchange．

    　　These is hardly a man or woman in this country whose standard of living does not depend on the ability of his or her employers to raise money to finance new development．In one way or another this new money must come from the savings of the country．The Stock Exchange exists to provide a channel through which these saving can reach those who need finance．

    (1)

    The money which enables these companies to go ahead with their projects is ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    exchanged for part ownership in the Stock Exchange

    B．

    financed wholly by rates and taxes

    C．

    repaid to its original owners as soon as ?possible?

    D．

    invested in different companies on the Stock Exchange

    (2)

    All the basic services on which we depend are ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    unable to provide for the needs

    B．

    financed wholly by rates and taxes

    C．

    in constant need of financial support

    D．

    run by the government or our local organizations

    (3)

    The Stock Exchange makes it possible for the government, local organizations and nationalized industries ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    to make certain everybody saves money

    B．

    to borrow as much money as they wish

    C．

    to make certain everybody lends money to them

    D．

    to raise money to finance new development

    (4)

    The underlined word “invest” here probably means ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    lose more money with

    B．

    provide less money with

    C．

    borrow less money with

    D．

    buy shares in order to make a profit

    答案：1．B;2．C;3．D;4．D;
    解析：

    (1)

    A项有较大干扰性。从“…, or take a share in the business in exchange for a share in future interests”可以看出可交换的是赚得的利益，而不是投资的钱，因此A项不合题意。选项B是对“inviting people to lend them money, or take a share in the business in exchange for a share in future interests”的总结。

    (2)

    首先我们应该理解basic services指hospitals, roads, electricity, telephones, railways等，从第三段“The government, local organizations, and nationalized industries therefore frequently ned to borrow money to finance major capital spending,…”得知basic services需要持续不断的财政支持。

    (3)

    从最后一段首句得此答案。在这一句中“his or her employers”既指本题中的“Government, local organizations, nationalized industries”。

    (4)

    买股票的人都想赚钱，invest his money意思是“投资；入股”，因此D项为最佳答案。


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