Question

【题目】请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意:请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。

Optimism is a concept closely related to happiness. It is about not giving up when the going gets tough. Yet when the going is good, having optimism means you expect the good continue. It is about having hope and always believing that things will improve. Being an optimist puts you in a good position to deal with situations and difficulties in life.

Generally Speaking

Optimists believe bad things are temporary. Bad things occur sometimes but do not last. For example, your boss shouting at you on a Monday does not mean he or she will shout at your for the rest of your working life. An optimist has an awareness that bad things do occur in life, but that they will be able to get up again.

Bad events are not your fault. For example, the terrible weather conditions made it hart to win the game. It is easy to criticize yourself unfairly for such a thing. Yet, constant self-criticism can damage your self-esteem. If you are able to look for other reasons for problems, you tend to like yourself better. Of course, you also have to be responsible for your actions.

Optimists confine bad events to one particular situation. For example, just because you forgot a birthday, it does not mean that you will forget about it all your life. You just happened to forget that. Optimists don’t over-dramatise（夸张）a situation.

How is optimism beneficial?

Physical Health

There are good health reasons to be optimistic. Research indicates that optimists have stronger immune systems, making them less at risk of illness. They are less likely to die of a heart attack. Other research indicates that an optimistic attitude means you can recover faster from an operation. Optimists have less stress, which prevents many stress-related health problems, and it is also suggested that they live longer.

Mental Health

Optimism can be a great confidence booster（支持者）, since it can give you a feeling of control in your life. It can enhance your overall well-being. Research indicates that optimists suffer from less depression. Optimism can prevent you feeling helpless, which is an important cause of depression. Optimists have been shown to be more successful in all areas of life, including work, sports and relationships.

The 【1】_____ of optimism	It has【2】______ with happiness and it is about not giving up, having hope and believing that the good things will continue.
Generally speaking	Bad things occur sometimes but they are 【3】______ .
	Be responsible for your actions but do not 【4】______ yourself unfairly for bad events.
	【5】_____ bad events as particular situations and never over-dramatise them.
The 【6】______ of optimism	Physical health	Optimists have stronger immune systems, making them have lower risk of illness.
		Optimists are less likely to die of a heart attack.
		Optimists can 【7】______ faster from an operation.
		Optimists have less stress and stress-related health problems.
		Optimists live a longer life.
	Mental health	Optimists have a feeling of control in their life.
		Optimists live 【8】_____.
		Optimists have less feeling of helpless, which can cause【9】_____.
		Optimists get more【10】______ in all areas of life, such as work, sports and relationships.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】definition/concept

【2】relationship

【3】temporary

【4】blame/criticise

【5】Regard

【6】benefit/advantage

【7】recover

【8】happier

【9】depression

【10】success

【解析】

试题分析：本文讲述了乐观的人更快乐，不管是在身体健康方面还是在心里健康方面。

【1】原词再现。根据第一段第一句Optimism is a concept closely related to happiness.可以得出答案。

【2】词性转化。根据第一段第一句Optimism is a concept closely related to happiness.中的形容词related转化rein名词relationship。

【3】原词再现。根据文章中第二段第一句Optimists believe bad things are temporary.可以得出答案。

【4】原词再现。根据文章中第三段It is easy to criticize yourself unfairly for such a thing.可以得出答案。

【5】归纳题。根据文章中第四段内容可以归纳出短语regard … as …把……认为……，注意首字母大写。

【6】词性转化。根据文章中How is optimism beneficial?中的形容词beneficial转化为名词benefit。

【7】原词再现。根据文章中倒数第二段Other research indicates that an optimistic attitude means you can recover faster from an operation.可以找出答案。

【8】归纳题。根据文章中倒数第二段Research indicates that optimists suffer from less depression.从而归纳出答案，注意用比较级形式。

【9】原词再现。根据文章倒数第一段Research indicates that optimists suffer from less depression.可以得出答案。

【10】词性转化。根据倒数第一段Optimists have been shown to be more successful in all areas of life, including work, sports and relationships.中的形容词successful转化为名词success。