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8.The largest earthquake (magnitude 里氏 9.5)of the 20th century happened on May 22,1960off the coast of South Central Chile.
It generated(生成) one of the most destructive Pacific-wide tsunamis(海啸).Near the generating area,both the earthquake and the tsunami were very much destructive,particularly in the coastal area from Concepcion to the south end of Isia Chiloe.The largest tsunami damage occurred at Isia Chiloe-the coastal area closest to the epicenter(震中).Huge tsunami waves measuring as high as 25meters arrived within 10to 15minutes after the earthquake,killing at least two hundred people,sinking all the boats,and flooding half a kilometer inland.
There was large damage and loss of life at Concepcion,Chile's top industrial city.Near the city of Valdivia,the earthquake and following aftershocks generated landslides which killed 18people.At me port city of Valparaiso,a city of 200,000,many buildings collapsed.A total of 130,000houses were destroyed-one in every three in the earthquake zone and nearly 2,000,000people were left homeless.
Total damage losses,including to agriculture and to industry,were estimated to be over a half billion dollars.The total number of death related with both the tsunami and the earthquake was never found accurately for the region Estimates of deaths reached between 490to 5,7002with no distinction(差别) as to how many deaths were caused by the earthquake and how many were caused by the tsunami.However,it is believed that most of the deaths in Chile were caused by the tsunami.

68.Where did the largest tsunami damage occurred?B
A.Concepcion     B.Isia Chiloe       C.Valdivia      D.Valparaiso
69.What can we learn about the tsunami waves generated by the earthquake?C
A.The tsunami waves as high as 25meters arrived immediately after the earthquake.
B.The tsunami waves killed 200people and sank all boats.
C.The tsunami waves were very destructive.
D.The tsunami waves flooded half of the inland.
70.What is generally thought the main cause of deaths in Chiloe?B
A.landslides            B.the tsunami
C.aftershocks           D.the magnitude 9.5earthquake
71.What does the underlined word"collapsed"probably mean?A
A.was destroyed                     B.caught fire
C.was flooded                       D.sank.

分析 本文写了上世纪六十年在智利康塞普西翁发生的一次里氏9.5级的大地震,以及这次地震造成的海啸给相关地区带来的一系列灾害.

解答 68.答案是B.细节理解题,从文章第二段第三行"the largest tsunami damage occurred at Isla Chiloe---the coastal area closest to the epicenter(震中)."海啸的最大危害发生在Islam Chiloe--离震中最近的沿海地区,可以看出答案选B.
69.答案是C.细节理解题,考察文章第二段的最后几句.A选项不是arrived immediately而是10-15分钟以后到来.B选项为至少200人,D选项不是half of the inland而是half a kilometer,故以上3个选项均有误.所以答案选C.
70.答案是B,细节理解题,最后一段的最后一句"However,it is believed that most of the deaths in Chile were caused by the tsunami."然而,人们相信大部分的死亡是有海啸引起的,所以B选项符合题意,所以答案选B.
71.答案是A,细节理解题,由本段的下一句A total of 130,000 houses were destroyed,总共130,000房子被破坏了,可以推测出many buildings collapsed很多的建筑被毁了,所以答案选A.

点评 阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释.考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点.

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