This agreement is very ________ and open to various interpretations．
A．ambiguous
B．abrupt
C．abundant
D．authentic
科目：高中英语 来源：2011-2012学年江苏省涟水中学高二下学期期中考试英语卷（带解析） 题型：阅读理解
The World Health Organization recently reported that the number of cases of tuberculosis(TB) has been abating since 2006 . Also, fewer people are dying from TB. But a study by researchers at the University of California, San Francisco, says smoking could threaten this progress.
Nearly twenty percent of all people use tobacco, and millions of non-smokers get sick from breathing the smoke. The new study predicts that smoking will produce an additional thirty-four million TB deaths by 2024.
Efforts to control the spread of TB have mainly focused on finding and treating infections. Fewer efforts have been made to understand the causes. Dr Anthony Fauci is the director of the United States National Institute of Allergy and Infectious diseases. He said, “Despite our control efforts, we still have more than a million people each year dying from TB and millions of people getting infected; we realize it’s still a very important problem. So we have to do the practical thing and we have to do the fundamental research things at the same time. ”
Smoking does not cause TB; bacteria cause the infection. But the study says smoking affects the nervous system in a way that makes an inactive case of TB more likely to develop into an active one. Stanton Glantz is the director of the University of California’s Centre for Tobacco Control Research and Education and an author of the new study. He says it shows that TB cannot be controlled unless tobacco use is controlled. He said, “It increases the number of people who will get TB by about seven percent.”
The study is described as the first to identify a direct link between tobacco use and rates of TB infection and death. Professor Glantz says the results should guide those creating health policies and TB control efforts. He said, “If you want to control the infectious disease of TB, you have to control the tobacco industry and the tobacco industry’s efforts to increase tobacco use, particularly in developing countries where TB is a big problem.”
【小题1】What would be the beat title for this passage?
| A．Scientists try to find the causes of TB deaths. |
| B．Study shows smoking is harmful to our health. |
| C．Study links smoking to millions of TB deaths. |
| D．Scientists pay more attention to TB deaths than before. |
| A．Responding | B．Surviving. | C．Rising. | D．Falling. |
| A．More efforts are needed to find the causes of TB infections. |
| B．TB infections are no longer a serious problem. |
| C．Few efforts have been put into the work of treating TB infections. |
| D．The practical and the fundamental research cannot be done together at present. |
| A．it is not very hard to control TB |
| B．smoking indirectly leads to TB |
| C．an inactive case of TB is deadly |
| D．people cannot blame smoking for TB |
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科目：高中英语 来源：2012届安徽省师大附中高三第一次摸底考试英语试卷 题型：阅读理解
Some people believe that greed and selfishness has become the basis of modern society, and we should return to the old traditions of family and community then we will have a better life. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the above opinion?
In this fast-paced world, many values are undergoing major changes. While people traditionally prioritize caring, sharing and generosity in life and work, modern people seem to be more self-absorbed and self-concerned.
Modern people act selfishly to survive the harsh competition of life. They say that it is a jungle out there. To survive, you have to fight with whatever means that come handy. Obviously greedy and selfishness go perfectly well with such ideas. In a company, employees do everything they can to get better pay and higher position, even at the cost of colleagues. We are in any way advocating any selfish conduct. It is just that people are pressured to act in a certain way due to outside influences.
In spite of common practice, it is hard to conclude that modern society is built on greed and selfishness, both of which are not newly invented vocabulary. In ancient times people also did greedy and selfish things though such behaviors were more condemned then. But we can not ignore the fact that people in the past lived a relatively more isolated life and faced less pressure compared with their modern counterparts.
Are we happier to share with others and be generous to them? There is no fixed answer either. Some people take great pleasure helping and giving to others while others feel happy doing the opposite. But I personally think that people should not be too selfish. Caring for others can actually encourage the development of a mutually beneficial relationship.
In conclusion, modern people appear to be more self-centered than those in the past due to strong outside pressure. However, we should encourage people to know the importance of being caring and generous and to build a mutually beneficial relationship with others.
Are Modern People Becoming More Selfish?
| Main comparisons | Contexts |
| __【小题1】__ are changing | In the past people put caring, sharing and generosity in the first ___【小题2】____. |
| Nowadays, people seem to be more ____【小题3】____about themselves. | |
| ___【小题4】___are changing too. | People in the past appeared to be modest and self-effacing(谦让的). |
| People may strive to achieve their own __【小题5】___ at the price of their coworkers. | |
| The author’s understanding | |
| ___【小题6】____ for the changes in author’s eyes | Fierce __【小题7】__ and great __【小题8】___on modern people may be responsible for the changes. |
| The author’s ___【小题9】____towards topic | A relationship which can __【小题10】___ two sides should be established. |
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科目：高中英语 来源：2011-2012学年江苏省兴化市文正实验学校高二上学期10月月度检测英语卷 题型：阅读理解
请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后图表中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每空只能填1个单词。
Most people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. This kind of loneliness is not serious. In fact, it is quite normal. For some people, though, loneliness can last for years. Now researchers say there are three different types of loneliness.
The first kind of loneliness is temporary. This is the most common type. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention. The second kind, situation—for example, family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year.
The third kind of loneliness is the most severe. Unlike the second type, chronic（the opposite of “temporary”）usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who experience habitual loneliness have problems socializing and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition.
Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person’s social contacts, for example, friends, family members, co-workers, etc. We depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our families give us emotional support, our parents and teachers give us guidance, and our friends share similar interests and activities. However, psychologists have found that, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes feel they should have more. They question their popularity.
Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons: they are unhappy and unable to socialize and there is a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness as heart disease, while temporary and situational loneliness can be a sad, and sometimes dangerous condition.
Loneliness and Disease
| Three different types of【小题1】 | The most common type is 【小题2】 . It disappears quickly and 【小题3】 no special attention. |
| The second type is situation, which usually lasts for 【小题4】 than a year. | |
| The 【小题5】 kind is chronic, which means if people experience habitual loneliness, they’ll have problems socializing with others | |
| An important 【小题6】 in loneliness | With the help of Psychologists, we know a person’s social contact is one important factor. |
| We depend on a wide variety of people for different reasons. For instance, we have interests and activities 【小题7】 to our friends’. | |
| 【小题8】 people may have many social contacts, but they sometimes feel they should have more. | |
| The 【小题9】 for finding ways to help the lonely people | One is that they are unhappy and unable to socialize. |
| The other is that temporary and situational loneliness can be a sad condition, sometimes 【小题10】 too. |
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015届江苏省宿迁市高二上学期期中考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Almost everyone is afraid of something --- snakes, heights, public speaking and so on.
It is normal and can even be helpful to experience fear sometimes. In dangerous situations, fear can keep our bodies alert (警醒的) so that we can act quickly to protect ourselves.
But for some people, fear develops into a “phobia”, which is a strong and unreasonable fear of something. For example, the majority of us feel a little scared when looking down from a tall building. But people with height phobia may have trouble breathing, feel dizzy or turn down a great job just because the company is on the 20th floor.
Phobias can prevent you from living a normal life. “People with spider phobia would stay out of their home or dormitory room for days if they thought a spider was present,” Katherina Hauner, a researcher at Northwestern University, US, told ABC news. This is why scientists have been trying to find a cure for this disease.
Since fear comes from experience --- from what we are told, what we see others experience and what happens to us --- some scientists think if they can “rewrite” these unpleasant memories, they might be able to help people overcome their phobias.
In a study by Hauner and other scientists, participants with spider phobia were asked to first touch a spider with a paintbrush. Seeing that it was not actually dangerous, they then tried touching it while wearing a glove. Finally, they could hold it with their hands.
Certain medicine has also been found to be helpful. Back in 2010, researchers at the University of Hiroshima, Japan, injected (注射) a special medicine into a fish --- who was afraid of light --- to turn off the fear center in its brain. From then on, the fish no longer feared light.
While the search for solutions to phobias is making great progress, it’s an open question whether getting rid of fear is good. Some people want to use these methods to make soldiers fight harder in wars by taking away their sense of fear. Dave Smithson of the charity Anxiety UK thinks that’s a bad idea. “It’s fear that prevents us from doing crazy things,” he says. “There’s a name for people who don’t have fear of consequences: psychopaths (精神变态者).
1.The main point of the article is to ___________.
A. show us what kind of role fear plays in our lives
B. discuss if it is good to try to get rid of fear
C. inform us of fear and phobia
D. discuss scientific studies related to fear
2.How does the writer make the meaning of “phobia” clear?
A. By making comparisons. B. By giving examples.
C. By giving data in numbers. D. By giving descriptions.
3.Which of the following shows the progress scientists have made in finding solutions to phobia?
A. New medicine can shut off fear centers in animal brains whenever needed.
B. They can use phobias to keep our bodies alert so that we can protect ourselves.
C. They can now reduce the pain which is connected with phobia.
D. They have succeeded in helping some people ignore memories related to phobia.
4.Which of the following would Dave Smithson probably agree with?
A. There is nothing to fear except fear itself.
B. We should not let fear affect our decisions.
C. Fear is not a completely bad thing.
D. Without fear, everyone would be brave.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2013-2014学年山东省山师附中高三11月期中学分认定考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Babies who are slow to gain weight in the first months of their lives generally catch up to their peers by age 13,a large UK study shows, Researchers said the results would make parents whose babies fail to put on weight quickly less worried.
The researchers looked at data from ,11,499 children who took part in a large study, It showed that 507 who were slow to gain weight in the first eight weeks of life recovered fairly quickly and had almost caught up by age 2. Another group of 480 who were slow to gain between eight weeks and nine months continued to put on weight slowly until they were seven years ,but then had a sudden increase and caught up by age 13, The different pattems of recovery between the two groups were likely due to different reasons for slow weight gain ,the researchers said, All the children were still lighter and shorter than their peers by the time they were teenagers ,but within the normal range.
The findings highlight the importance of monitoring a baby’s weight and height gain during the first few weeks and months ,but not creating anxiety with parents of slow-growing babies, said the study leader Prof Alan Emond from the University of Bristol.
“In the past, a lot of parents have been caused unnecessary anxiety by heaith professionals and this is a positive and reassuring message.”He said in many cases of slow growth where children do not follow the standard’curve’(曲线)it is just because they are following their genetic potential.
Dr Simon Newell, vice-president of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, said he broadly agreed with the concluslons of the researchers but stressed that poor weight gain was something that needed to be monitored closely, “I would encourage parents to use growth charts but if measurements show your baby is smaller than averager it may be completely normal, ”he said.
1.What can we know from the findings of the research?
A、All the cases of slow weight gain in the first months of the babies’ lives are caused by the same reason
B、Slow-growing babies will have the same height and weight with their peers by age13
C、Many cases of children whose growth don’t meet the growing standard curve cannot be treated as abnormal
D、The findings won’t cause parents’ anxiety so monitoring a baby’s growth from his/her birth is unnecessary
2.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A、It’s important to monitor a baby’s weight and height gain for new parents
B、New parents should feel anxious about their baby’s weight and height gain
C、Researches still couldn’t find the reasons for slow weight gain
D、All the children’s weight and height became normal by age 13
3.What does the underlined word in the fourth paragraph mean?
A、Making sure something is certain to be true
B、Making someone calmer and less anxious
C、Confirming something is to happen again
D、Being sure that someone can be attracted
4.Which of the statements would Dr Simon Newell agree to?
A、To some degree, growth charts can help parents monitor their babies’ weight gain
B、It’s abnormal for babies are smaller than average
C、He agreed with the researchers completely
D、Babies’ weight gain can only be monitored and measured by using growth charts.
5.The writer wrote this passage in order to
A、tell us how to help babies grow faster
B、explain why babies are gain weight slowly
C、report on the findings of a research
D、reduce the anxiety of some parents
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