3．Mathilda，15，is Turkana，a native people that has survived by raising cattle in a semiarid （半干旱） region．Mathilda's school，like most schools in the area，doesn't have access to clean water and sanitation facilities for its students．So instead of spending their whole school day learning，Mathilda and her classmates start their day by spending two hours to the closest river fetching water---water that is anyway most likely not safe to drink．They do the same thing again in the afternoon，so they often lose around half of their school day fetching water．
Mathilda has to do the same thing outside of school hours to get the water her family needs at home，leaving her little time for studying．Because of rising temperatures，water has become harder and harder to find here，and people have to spend more and more time trying to find it．
This is just one small example of how climate change is making it harder to realize people's rights to water，education and security．Unfortunately，most higher-income countries remained silent on the issue．
This is despite studies showing that communities already facing marginalization（边缘化），such as women and children，mostly suffer from climate change．This is especially the case for those in countries with limited resources and fragile ecosystems．
Meanwhile，women consist of the majority of the world's poor，and so are more dependent for their livelihood on natural resources that are threatened by climate change．And around the world，women and girls are the most likely to be responsible for fetching water for their families．
This exposes them to danger and leaves them with less time to attend school，earn money，or simply to rest．But the fact is that the effects of climate change will be felt globally．
Despite the difficulties she is facing，trying to get an education，Mathilda says she hopes to serve her community in a leadership role when she grows up．
"All of the world's leaders need to work together to solve this problem that we are all facing，"she said．
24．Mathilda has to spendCfetching water every school day．
A．two hours
B．four hours
C．more than four hours
D．almost a whole day
25．The first two paragraphs are intended to tell usB．
A．the cause and effect of lack of water
B．one serious consequence of climate change
C．the difficulties in fetching water in the semiarid region
D．the hardship of life for the people in the semiarid region
26．We can conclude from the passage thatA．
A．climate change is everyone's business
B．water is becoming rare because of rising temperatures
C．fetching water takes up Mathilda's half of studying time
D．females are more responsible for fetching water for their families
27．The passage is mainly about the problem caused byC．
A．rising temperatures
B．fetching water
C．climate change
D．water shortage．
分析 本文讲的是Mathilda和她的同学每天花将近四小时到最近的河流取水，他们常常失去他们在学校的一半时间．从这件小事上反映关于气候变化如何使人们更难实现水、教育和安全的权利的问题．
解答 24．C．细节理解题．根据文中"Mathilda and her classmates start their day by spending two hours to the closest river fetching water-"以及"They do the same thing again in the afternoon，"知，Mathilda明天挑水两次，一次两个多小时．故选C．
25．B．细节理解题．仔细阅读全文，易知前两段讲的是气候变化造成的例子．故选B．
26．A．细节理解题．此题可以使用排除法．水变得越来越少，因为温度上升，文中并无依据，故B错；根据文中"they often lose around half of their school day fetching water．"时占用了将近一半的在校时间，而非学习时间，故C错；而根据文中"women and girls are the most likely to be responsible for fetching water for their families．"是说有很大可能而不是肯定的说法，故D错．故选A．
27．C．推理判断题．根据文中"This is just one small example of how climate change"易知是气候变化在造成的．故选C．
点评 本文是新闻报道类阅读理解文章，阅读此类文章主要是要了解：
①新闻报道了什么事件；②事件是因为什么而发生的，相关背景如何；③文段中指出的事件发生过程中的突出细节是 什么；④事件造成的后果是什么；⑤事件的本质是什么，透过事件的表面现象，我们看到了什么社会问题．通过这样的梳理，我们就可以把新闻的脉络理清楚．这类材料命题点往往落在事实细节上
