Question

【题目】 The bad health effects of sleep loss during the week can’t be repaid by longer weekend sleep, according to a new study.

Researchers have long known that sleep deprivation (剥夺) can cause weight gain and increase other health risks. But for those who force themselves out of bed every weekday after too few hours of shut eye, they hope turning off the alarm on Saturday and Sunday will repay the weekly sleep debt and remove any ill effects.

The research, published in Current Biology, crushes those hopes. Despite complete freedom to sleep during a weekend recovery period, people in a sleep lab who were limited to five hours of sleep on weekdays gained nearly three pounds over two weeks and experienced disorders that would increase their risk for diabetes over the long term. While weekend recovery sleep had some benefits after a single week of sleep loss, those gains were wiped out when people fell right back into their same sleep deprived schedule the next Monday.

'If there are benefits of catch-up sleep, they're gone when you go back to your daily schedule. It's very short lived', said Kenneth Wright, director of the sleep and chronobiology lab at the University of Colorado at Boulder. 'These health effects are long term. It's kind of like smoking once was-people would smoke and wouldn't see an immediate effect on their health, but people will say now that smoking is not a healthy lifestyle choice. I think sleep is in the early stage of where smoking used to be.'

Wright said that the study suggests people should put sleep in the first place cutting out the 'sleep stealers' such as watching television shows or spending time on their phones. Even when people don't have a choice about losing sleep because of child-care responsibilities or job schedules, they should think about getting sleep in the same way they would get a healthy diet or exercise.

【1】What does the underlined word 'rushes' mean?

A.Ruins.B.Guarantees.

C.Deepens.D.Arouses.

【2】What will Kenneth Wright agree with?

A.Smoking is more harmful than sleep loss.

B.Weekend recovery sleep has many benefits.

C.Smoking and sleep loss have the same bad effects.

D.It takes long for people to see the effects of sleep loss.

【3】What does Kenneth Wright advise people to do?

A.Take regular exercise every day.

B.Reduce the screen time before sleep.

C.Watch some TV shows before bedtime.

D.Sleep as long as possible during weekdays.

【4】What is the main purpose of this passage?

A.To share some unhappy experiences.B.To show some unknown facts.

C.To promote a healthy lifestyle.D.To introduce a new study.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】D

【3】B

【4】D

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究，该研究认为一周睡眠缺失所带来的不良影响不能通过周末更长的睡眠来偿还。

【1】

词义猜测题。根据第三段的they hope turning off the alarm on Saturday and Sunday will repay the weekly sleep debt and remove any ill effects.(他们希望在周六和周日关掉闹钟来偿还一周的睡眠债，消除任何不良影响)和The research, published in Current Biology, crushes those hopes. Despite complete freedom to sleep during a weekend recovery period, people in a sleep lab who were limited to five hours of sleep on weekdays gained nearly three pounds over two weeks and experienced disorders that would increase their risk for diabetes over the long term.(这项发表在《当代生物学》上的研究crushes这些希望。尽管在周末的恢复期可以完全自由睡觉，但在睡眠实验室里，那些在工作日只能睡5个小时的人在两周内体重增加了近3磅，并经历了长期的失调，这将增加他们患糖尿病的风险)可知，他们想通过周末增加睡眠来消除平时睡眠不足的希望可能不会实现。由此推测划线部分的意思是“摧毁”。A. Ruins.(摧毁)符合以上说法，故选A项。

【2】

细节理解题。根据第四段的These health effects are long term. It's kind of like smoking once was-people would smoke and wouldn't see an immediate effect on their health, (这些对健康的影响是长期的。这有点像过去吸烟，人们吸烟不会立即看到对健康的影响)可知，Kenneth Wright 认为睡眠不足对人健康的影响要很长时间才能看到，就像吸烟对健康的影响一样。D. It takes long for people to see the effects of sleep loss.(对于人们来说要花很长时间才能看到睡眠不足的影响)符合以上说法，故选D项。

【3】

细节理解题。根据倒数第一段的Wright said that the study suggests people should put sleep in the first place cutting out the 'sleep stealers' such as watching television shows or spending time on their phones. (Wright说这项研究建议人们应该把睡觉放在首位，杜绝看电视节目或玩手机等“偷睡眠的行为。”)可知，Wright建议人们减少睡眠前看电视或手机的时间。B. Reduce the screen time before sleep.(减少睡眠前的屏幕时间)符合以上说法，故选B项。

【4】

推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第一段的The bad health effects of sleep loss during the week can't be repaid by longer weekend sleep, according to a new study.(根据一项新的研究，一周睡眠缺失所带来的不良影响不能通过更长的睡眠来偿还)可知，本文的主要目的是介绍一项新的研究，该研究认为一周睡眠缺失所带来的不良影响不能通过周末更长的睡眠来偿还。D. To introduce a new study.(为了介绍了一项新的研究)符合以上说法，故选D项。