Question

Sex prejudices are based on and justified by the ideology(意识形态) that biology is destiny. According to this ideology, basic biological and psychological differences exist between the sexes. These differences require each sex to play a separate role in social life. Women are the weaker sex both physically and emotionally. Thus, they are naturally suited, much more so than men, to the performance of domestic(家庭的) duties. A woman’s place, under normal circumstances, is within the protective environment of the home. Nature has determined that women play caretaker roles, such as wife and mother and homemaker. On the other hand, men are best suited to go out into the competitive world of work and politics, where serious responsibilities must be taken on. Men are to be the providers; women and children are “dependents”.

    The ideology also holds that women who wish to work outside the household should naturally fill these jobs that are in line with the special capabilities of their sex. It is appropriate for women, not men, to be employed as nurses, social workers, elementary school teachers, house-hold helpers, clerks and secretaries. These positions are simply an extension of women’s domestic role. Informal distinctions between “women’s work” and “men’s work” in the labor force, according to the ideology, are simply a functional reflection of the basic differences between the sexes.

Finally, the ideology suggests that nature has worked her will in another significant way. For the human species to survive over time, its members must regularly reproduce. Thus, women must, whether at home or in the labor force, make the most of their physical appearances.

So goes the ideology. It is, of course, not true that basic biological and psychological differences between the sexes require each to play sex-defined roles in social life. There is enough evidence that sex roles vary from society to society, and those role differences that do exist are largely learned.

But to the degree people actually believe that biology is destiny and that nature intended for men and women to make different contributions to society, sex-defined roles will be seen as totally acceptable.

1.According to the biology-is-destiny ideology, women_______.

A. cannot compete with men in any field            

B. are suited more to domestic jobs than men

C. are sensitive enough to be a good caretaker        

D. are too weak to do any agricultural work at all

2.Those who have prejudices against women think that_______.

A. women shouldn’t go out for work           

B. women should earn money to add the family income

C. women going out for work should only do “women’s work”

D. women should take jobs to drill the special capabilities of the sex

3.The author thinks that the positions women hold outside_______.

A. are determined by what they are better suited to  

B. grow out of their household responsibilities

C. represent their breakthrough of sex discrimination 

D. are physically and emotionally suitable to them                                                                                             

4.What does the underlined sentence imply?

A. Sex roles are socially determined  

B. Sex roles are emotionally and physically determined

C. Sex roles are biologically and psychologically determined 

D. Sex roles are determined by education people take

 

Answer 1

【答案】

 

1.B

2.C

3.B

4.A

【解析】

试题分析：按照传统的意识形态来讲，性别歧视是相当严重的。男人们一般要在外边工作，而妇女们就得是家庭主妇，操持家务。性别不同，就要扮演不同的社会角色，这就是意识形态的体现。

1.细节理解题。由“Thus, they are naturally suited, much more so than men, to the performance of domestic(家庭的) duties.”可知，按照传统的观点妇女还是要主管家务劳动。故选B。

2.细节理解题。由“These positions are simply an extension of women’s domestic role. Informal distinctions between “women’s work” and “men’s work” in the labor force, according to the ideology, are simply a functional reflection of the basic differences between the sexes.”可知传统观点认为女性应该做适合女性的工作。故选C。

3.细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，意识形态还持有这样的观点：那些希望在家庭以外工作的妇女应自然地做符合女性自身特殊能力的工作，如护士、 社会工作者、 小学教师、 家政服务、 文员、 秘书。故选B。

4.句意猜测题。由上文可知，社会决定了性别角色在社会中的作用，因此后面说也决定了社会性别角色的不同。故选A。

考点：科普类阅读。