16.We all enjoy the colors of autumn leaves.The changing fall leaves never fail to surprise us.Did you ever wonder how and why a fall leaf changes color?Where do the yellows and oranges come from?To answer those questions,we first have to understand what leaves are and what they do.
Leaves are nature's food factories.Plants take water from the ground through their roots.They take a gas called carbon dioxide from the air.Plants use sunlight to turn water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and glucose(葡萄糖).Oxygen is a gas in the air that we need to breathe.Glucose is a kind of sugar.Plants use glucose as food for energy and as a building block for growing.The way plants turn water and carbon dioxide into sugar is called photosynthesis(光合作用).A chemical called chlorophyll (叶绿素)helps make photosynthesis happen.Chlorophyll is what gives plants their green color.
As summer ends and autumn comes,the days get shorter and shorter.This is how the trees"know"to begin getting ready for winter.
During winter,there is not enough light or water for photosynthesis.The trees will rest,and live on the food they stored during summer.They begin to shut down their food-making factories.The green chlorophyll disappears from the leaves.As the bright green dies away,we begin to see yellow and orange colors.Small amounts of these colors have been in the leaves all along.We just can't see them in summer,because they are covered up by the green chlorophyll.
The bright reds and purples we see in leaves are made mostly in the fall.In some trees,like maples,glucose is trapped in the leaves after photosynthesis stops.Sunlight and the cool nights of autumn cause the leaves to turn this glucose into a red color.The brown color of trees like oaks is made from wastes left in the leaves.
36.The writer asked some questions in the beginning in order toD.
A.persuade readers to believe something
B.offer something to think over
C.get the readers excited
D.introduce the topic of the passage
37.Which of the following is TRUE about photosynthesis?B
A.Oxygen and water are produced by plants.
B.Glucose provides energy and food for plants to grow.
C.Sunlight is turned into sugar as plants'food.
D.Glucose produces chlorophyll that plants need.
38.Leaves are green in summer becauseA.
A.green chlorophyll offers a green color for leaves
B.sunlight turns water and carbon dioxide into a green color
C.there are no other colors in the leaves except green
D.glucose gives leaves their green color
39.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?C
A.Trees don't change colors with seasons.
B.Trees can still perform photosynthesis well in winter.
C.Trees have colors like yellow and orange even in summer.
D.Trees don't need food in winter.
40.What can be the best title of the passage?C
A.We Love the Beautiful Fall Leaf Colors
B.Chlorophyll and the Fall Leaf Colors
C.Why Do Leaves Change Color in Fall?
D.How Do Trees'Food Factories Work?
分析 本文是一篇科教类阅读,主要讲的是秋天叶子变色的原因.
解答 36-40:DBACC
36题答案:D考查细节推理,根据第一段的最后一句To answer those questions,we first have to understand what leaves are and what they do.为了回答这些问题,我们首先要弄清楚什么是叶子、它们是干什么的?可知作者问问题的原因是为了介绍本文的主题,故本题答案为D选项.
37题答案:B考查细节推理,根据第二段的Plants use glucose as food for energy and as a building block for growing.植物使用葡萄糖当作食物能量而且将其作为一种生长材料.可知本题答案为B选项.
38题答案:A考查细节推理,根据第二段的Chlorophyll is what gives plants their green color.叶绿素使叶子变成绿色.可知本题答案为A选项.
39题答案:C考查细节推理,根据倒数第二段的Small amounts of these colors have been in the leaves all along.We just can't see them in summer,because they are covered up by the green chlorophyll.少量的这些颜色(黄色和橙色)一直都在叶子里,只不过我们看不见因为它们被绿色的叶绿素盖住了.可知本题答案为C选项.
40题答案:C考查主旨大意,本文主要讲的是秋天的叶子为什么会变色;故本题答案为C选项.
点评 本文是一篇科教类阅读,题目涉及多道细节理解题,做题时结合原文和题目有针对 性找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案.推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案.