Who are these people rushing by you in the street? More than 215 million people now call America “home’’, but most of them can trace their families back to other parts of the world. If you look at the names on shop windows, you will see that Americans come from many different lands. The idea that these people, who once were strangers to the United States, have lost the customs and cultures of their original countries and have become “American’’is really not true. In fact, what exists in America is more often a kind of “side-by-side”, living in which groups of people from other countries often have kept many of their customs and habits. They join the general American society only in certain areas of their lives—such as in schools, business, and sports-but they keep many of their own native customs and manners socially and at home. This living “side-by-side” has both advantages and disadvantages. Sometimes it may cause disagreements to develop between groups whose ways of life are very different from one another. However, there are also great advantages that come from the variety of cultures brought by settlers from other lands. There is great freedom of choice among ideas and dress, food, and social customs in America. Everyone can find some part of his or her familiar world in the United States, in Churches, music, food, national groups, or newspapers.
【小题1】More than 215 million people call America “home” because .
A.they buy their houses there | B.they settle there now |
C.they get married there | D.they were born there |
A.making friends with native people |
B.the groups of people who live nearby |
C.keeping their own customs while sharing American ones in certain areas |
D.that they get closer to American society |
A.share American customs and culture |
B.1ive in a kind of “side-by-side'' society |
C.keep their own customs and habits firmly |
D.make no choice to accept American customs |
A.They always stick to their own customs and habits. |
B.“Side—by—side’’living style is not suitable. |
C.They face the society they are not familiar with. |
D.The advantages coming from the variety of cultures make life in America colorful. |
A.Advantages and Disadvantages. |
B.Different Customs and Habits. |
C.Home for the People |
D.“Side—by—side”Living Style in America. |
【小题1】B
【小题2】C
【小题3】B
【小题4】D
【小题5】D
解析试题分析:文章主要讲述了美国人的生活方式。美国有2亿多外来人口,他们称美国为“家乡”,但他们并未完全丢下自己国家的风俗习惯。他们一方面保留着大部分的风俗和礼仪,一方面也遵守美国的规章制度。
【小题1】根据“but most of them can trace their families back to other parts of the world”可知,这些人已经在美国定居,他们的祖先可以追溯到世界其它地方。故选B。
【小题2】根据“They join the general American society only in certain areas of their lives—such as in schools, business, and sports-but they keep many of their own native customs and manners socially and at home.”可知,这种生活方式是,既保留有自己民族原先的风俗,在某些方面也遵循美国社会的规则。故选C。
【小题3】根据“In fact, what exists in America is more often a kind of “side-by-side”, living in which groups of people from other countries often have kept many of their customs and habits.”可知,正确答案是B项,故选B。
【小题4】根据“there are also great advantages that come from the variety of cultures brought by settlers from other lands”可知,有利条件来自于移民带来的多样的文化,故选D。
【小题5】根据“In fact, what exists in America is more often a kind of “side-by-side”, ...This living “side-by-side” has both advantages and disadvantages... Everyone can find some part of his or her familiar world in the United States, in Churches, music, food, national groups, or newspapers.”可知,文章主要讲的是美国“side-by-side”这种生活方式,故选D。
考点:社会类短文阅读
科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
Do you know of anyone who uses the truth to deceive(欺骗)?When someone tells you something that is true,but leaves out important information that should be included,he can give you a false picture.
For example,someone might say, ''I just won a hundred.dollars on the lottery(彩票).It was great.I took that dollar ticket back to the store and turned it in for one hundred dollars!".This guy's a winner,right? Maybe,maybe not.We then discover that he bought$200 worth of tickets, and only one was a winner.He’s really a big loser! He didn't say anything that was false,but he left out important information on purpose.That's called a half-truth.Half truths are not technically lies,but they are just as dishonest.
Some politicians often use this trick.Let’s say that during Governor Smith’s last term,her state lost one million jobs and gained three million jobs.Then she seeks another term.One of her opponents says, “During Governor Smith’s term,the state lost one million jobs!” That’s true.However,an honest statement would have been,“During Governor Smith’s term, the state had a net gain of two million jobs.”
Advertisers will sometimes use half-truths.It's against the law to make false statements so they try to mislead you with the truth.An advertisement might say,''Nine out of ten doctors advised their patients to take Yucky Pills to cure toothache.'' It fails to mention that they only asked ten doctors and nine of them work for the Yucky Company.
This kind of deception happens too often.It’s a sad fact of life:Lies are lies,and sometimes the truth can 1ie as well.
【小题1】The underlined word“opponents”in Paragraph 3 means .
A.enemy | B.partner | C.cooperator | D.assistant |
A.buy lottery tickets if possible |
B.make use of half-truths |
C.be careful about what they are told |
D.not trust the Yucky Company |
A.One. | B.Two. | C.Three. | D.Four. |
A.Using half truths is against the law. |
B.Technically,half truths are in fact lies. |
C.Yucky Pills is a very good medicine for toothache. |
D.Governor Smith did a good job during her last term. |
A.He’s really a big loser! |
B.Sometimes the truth can lie as well. |
C.Advertisers will sometimes use half truths. |
D.It’s against the law to make false statements. |
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
Life gets noisier every day and very few people can be free from noise of some sort or another. It doesn’t matter where you live- in the middle of a modern city, or a faraway village the chances that you will be disturbed by jet aeroplanes, transistor radios, oil-powered engines, etc, are almost everywhere. We seem to be getting used to noise, too. Some people feel quite lonely without background music while they are working.
Scientific tests have shown that total silence can be very frightening experience for human beings. However, some people enjoy listening to pop music which is very loud, and this can do harm to their eardrums(耳鼓). The noise level in some disco is far above the usual safety level for heavy industrial areas.
One recent report about noise and concentration(专心) suggested that although a lot of people say that any noise disturbs their concentration , what really affects their ability to concentrate is a change in the level of noise. It goes on to say that a background noise, which doesn’t change too much (music, for example ) may even help people to concentrate.
【小题1】The best title for this passage is________.
A.Noisy Life | B.Background Noise |
C.Disturbed Concentration | D.Changeable Noise |
A.doesn’t matter much |
B.has become worse everywhere |
C.has become better in big cities |
D.has become better in villages |
A.music played in the concert |
B.a kind of noise coming into your ears |
C.music helps people to concentrate |
D.music played while people are working |
A.any kind of noise |
B.great changes in level of noise |
C.background noise |
D.various background music |
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
Travel Unaccompanied
Now many young people are traveling around the world on their own, not because they have no one to travel with, but because they prefer to go alone.
Kristina Wegscheider from California first traveled alone when she was at college and believes that it is something everyone should do at least once in their life. “It opens up your mind to new things and pushes you out of your comfort zone.” Wegscheider has visited 46 countries covering all seven continents.
In foreign countries, with no one to help you read a map, look after you if you get ill, or lend you money if your wallet is stolen. It is challenging. This is what drives young people to travel alone.It is seen as character building and a chance to prove that they can make it on their own.
Chris Richardson decided to leave his sales job in Australia to go traveling last year.He set up a website, The Aussie Nomad, to document his adventures. He said he wished he had traveled alone earlier. “The people you meet, the places you visit, or the things you do, everything is up to you and it forces you to grow as a person,” said the 30-year-old.
Richardson describes traveling alone like “a shot in the arm”, which “makes you a more confident person that was ready to deal with anything”. He said: “The feeling of having conquered something on my own is a major part of what drives me each day when I’m dealing with a difficult task. I walk around with my head up because I know deep down inside that nothing is impossible if you try.”
The great 19th century explorer John Muir once said: “Only by going alone in silence can one truly get into the heart of the wilderness.”
【小题1】Which of the following will Kristina Wegscheider agree with?
A.Traveling alone is a necessary experience for everyone. |
B.It is more meaningful to travel in foreign countries. |
C.It is comfortable to travel around without a friend. |
D.Traveling abroad helps people to find new things. |
A.it will finally build your character |
B.you have to make things on your own |
C.you depend on yourself whatever happens |
D.it is hard for you to prove yourself to others |
A.He started traveling at an early age. | B.He was once shot in the arm. |
C.His website inspires others a lot. | D.He used to work as a salesman. |
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
Recently I spoke to some of my students about what they wanted to do after they graduated, and what kind of job prospects they thought they had.
Given that I teach students who are trained to be doctors, I was surprised to find that most thought that they would not be able to get the jobs they wanted without “outside help”. “What kind of help is that?” I asked, expecting them to tell me that they would need a relative or family friend to help them out.
“Surgery(外科手术)”, one replied. I was pretty alarmed by that response. It seems that the graduates of today are increasingly willing to go under the knife to get ahead of others when it comes to getting a job. One girl told me that she was considering surgery to increase her height. “They break your legs, put in special extending screws, and slowly expand the gap between the two ends of the bone as it regrows. You can get at least 5 cm taller!”
At that point, I was shocked. I am short. I can’t deny that, but I don’t think I would put myself through months of pain just to be a few centimeters taller. I don’t even bother to wear shoes with thick soles, as I’m not trying to hide the fact that I am just not tall!
It seems to me that there is a trend toward wanting “perfection”, and that is an ideal that just does not exist in reality.
No one is born perfect, yet magazines, TV shows and movies present images of thin, tall, beautiful people as being the norm(标准). Advertisements for slimming aids, beauty treatments and cosmetic surgery clinics fill the pages of newspapers, further creating an idea that “perfection” is a requirement, and that it must be purchased, no matter what the cost. In my opinion, skills, rather than appearance, should determine how successful a person is in his chosen career.
【小题1】We can know from the passage that the author works as ________.
A.a professor | B.a model | C.a teacher | D.a reporter |
A.marry a better man/woman |
B.become a model |
C.get an advantage over others in job-hunting |
D.attract more admirers |
A.Excited. | B.Surprised. | C.Happy. | D.Angry. |
A.everyone should pursue perfection, whatever the cost |
B.it’s right for graduates to ask for others to help them out in hunting for jobs |
C.media are to blame for misleading young people in their seeking for surgery |
D.it is one’s appearance instead of skills that really matters in one’s career |
A.He hates to be called a short man. |
B.He tries to increase his height through surgery. |
C.He always wears shoes with thick soles to hide the fact. |
D.He just accepts it as it is. |
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
It is pretty much a one-way street.While it may“be common for university researchers to try their luck in the commercial world,there is very little traffic in the opposite direction.Pay has always been the biggest deterrent,as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job.For some industrial scientists,however, the attractions of academia(学术界)outweigh any financial considerations.
Helen Lee took a 70%cut in salary when she moved from a senior post in Abbott Laboratories to a medical department at the University of Cambridge.Her main reason for returning to academia halfway was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions.Some areas of research have few chances of a commercial return,and Lee’s is one of them.
The powerful effect of a salary cut is probably less severe for a scientist in the early stages of an occupation.Guy Grant,now a research associate at the Unilever Centre for Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge,spent two years working for a medicine company before returning to university as a post-doctoral researcher.He took a 30%salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual opportunities.
Higher up the ladder,where a pay cut is usually more significant,the demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry is forcing universities to make the transition(转换)to academia more attractive,according to Lee.Industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not,such as how to build a multidisciplinary team,manage budgets and negotiate contracts(合同).They are also well placed to bring something extra to the teaching side of an academic role that will help students get a job when they graduate,says Lee,perhaps experience in manufacturing practice or product development.“Only a small number of undergraduates will continue in an academic occupation.So someone leaving university who already has the skills needed to work in an industrial lab has far more potential in the job market than someone who has spent a11 their time on a narrow research project.”
【小题1】The underlined word“deterrent”in Paragraph 1 most probably refers to something that
A.helps to move the traffic | B.attracts people’s attention |
C.keeps someone from taking action | D.brings someone a financtal burden |
A.Flexible work hours. | B.Her research interests. |
C.Chances of academic accomplishments | D.Her preference for the lifestyle at university |
A.To do financially more rewarding work. |
B.To raise his status in the academic world. |
C.To enjoy better intellectual opportunities. |
D.To gain more experience in medical research. |
A.Suit its research to practical applications. |
B.Develop its students’potential in research. |
C.Help it obtain financial support from industry. |
D.Increase its graduates’competitiveness in the j ob market. |
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
Cities with high levels of homeownership—in the range of 75%, like Detroit and St. Louis—had on average considerably lower levels of economic activity and much lower wages and incomes. Far too many people in financial problems are trapped in homes they can’t sell, unable to move on to new centers of opportunity.
The cities and regions with the lowest levels of homeownership—in the range of 55% to 60% like Los Angeles and New York—had healthier economies and higher incomes. They also had higher levels of happiness and well-being.
I was shocked to read these interesting points that Richard Florida made in his recent article. Let me try to understand. The people in Detroit and St. Louis are less happy than the people in New York, and Los Angeles. And, the reason is because of homeownership rates?
First, to compare them to New York City (the economic capital of the world), Los Angeles (the entertainment capital of the world) seems unfair. Most people in almost any other city in the world might be less happy!
Next, let’s try a different way of determining whether renters are happier than homeowners. Why don’t we ask them? Fannie Mae’s National Housing Survey 2010 reported:
75% of current renters believe owning a home makes more sense.
67% plan to buy a home at some point in the future.
When they asked current renters for the major reason to buy a house, these were their answers (they could pick several answers):
78% said it was a good place to raise children.
75% said because they would feel safe.
70% said because you have control of your own space.
If you believe renters are happier, you would also have to believe the majority enjoy living in a less safe environment, which wouldn’t be a good place to raise children and would be a place where they have less control of their space.
【小题1】Which of the following is a fact?
A.People in Los Angeles earn high incomes because of its low homeownership rate. |
B.New York’s low homeownership rate increases people’s happiness levels. |
C.Detroit’s high level of homeownership causes its economic problems. |
D.St. Louis has a higher level of homeownership than Los Angeles. |
A.people in Los Angeles are happier than those in St. Louis |
B.renting a house is better than owning a house |
C.Detroit’s economy is healthier than New York’s economy |
D.New York and Los Angeles are happiest cities |
A.pay employees highest wages in America |
B.benefit from low levels of homeownership |
C.are leading cities across the globe |
D.are best American cities to live in |
A.paying rent makes more sense |
B.most homeowners plan to sell their houses |
C.most renters prefer to become homeowners |
D.parents need to buy a house for their children |
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
When I was growing up, 16 was always a magical age, a symbol of maturity, responsibility and of course more independence and freedom. I sat through the hours of Driver’s Ed classes eager to get out on the road. I couldn’t wait to get my driver’s license.
But it’s a different story for today’s teens. In January, the U.S. Department Transportation released 2012 data that showed only 30.7 percent of U.S. teens got their license at age 16, Twenty years before, that number was almost 45 percent.
There are numbers of reasons for the fall – off. The growing responsibilities like paying for insurance and high gas prices discourage teens from getting behind the wheel. Plus, many teens today are so busy with homework, endless hours of activities and part-time jobs, that finding the time for Driver’s Ed classes may be more difficult that ever.
In addition, many states have raised the driving age, or restricted when teens can drive and who they can have in the car. Parents may also be making their own personal restrictions until they feel their teens are responsible enough to drive safely.
Driving is part of the American culture, but it’s not the central focus like it was 25 years ago. They have so many other things to do now. One of the more interesting factors delaying teens driving might be the change of their social life. Today, teens need to look no further than Face book or other social networking sites to connect with their friends. There is simply less need, maybe less desire, to be able to grab the keys and go.
Michelle Wei got her license as a senior in high school because her digital social life made it easy not to drive. “If I couldn’t get a ride to see my friend who lives a town over,” the 19-year-old said, “I could talk on IM or Skype.”
Research has shown that these online relationships can lead to higher quality friendships, so it isn’t necessarily a bad thing. However, it’s important to find a balance. If old face-to-face friendships are good, why not drive to find them?
【小题1】We can infer from the first paragraph that _______ .
A.Driver’s Ed classes allowed teens to know what maturity was |
B.getting a driving license at 16 was a must for American teens |
C.16 was considered an age when one could get his driver’s license |
D.teens could drive on the road without taking Driver’s Ed classes |
A.Desire to drive on the road declines among American teens. |
B.Getting a license costs much more than ever before. |
C.Social networking sites are changing the life of American teens. |
D.American teens are becoming more responsible than ever. |
A.why American teens are crazy about digital social life |
B.what social networking websites are bringing to American teens |
C.to what degree the Internet is affecting the American car culture |
D.what the Internet does to help teens to get a driving license |
A.the Internet has a bad effect on the teen’s social life |
B.teens should keep a balance in choosing their lifestyle |
C.actual contacts can be replaced by talking on line |
D.face-to-face friendship is always the best choice |
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
How Many Lies Do the Children Tell You?
Mothers who feel their children don' t appreciate them can add another grievance to the list: half the time, their children are lying to them. A study designed to expose the truth about lying shows that undergraduates lie to their mothers in 46% of their conversations. Still, mums should feel better than total strangers, who are told lies an astonishing 77 % of the time.
Bella Depaulo and a team of psychologists from the University of Virginia, Charlottesville, asked 77 undergraduates to keep a record of all their conversations for a week, and write down whether they lied at any time. DePaulo named lying broadly, as "when you intentionally try to mislead someone", so she would catch the smallest of lies.
The students told an average of two lies a day. They said they had been studying when they had been out drinking. One told his parents that a textbook cost $50 rather than $20 so that they would send him extra money. Female students constantly told their plain-looking roommates that they were pretty. "They are everyday lies," says DePaulo.
DePaulo and her colleagues conclude that people tend to tell fewer lies to those they feel closest to. College students lied to their best friends 28% of the time but lied to acquaintances 48% of the time. In close relationships, people were more likely to tell "kind-hearted" lies, designed to protect feelings, rather than self-serving lies.
Romantic(浪漫的)partners lie somewhere between close friends and acquaintances. Students lied to romantic partners about a third of the time. DePaulo thinks that unmarried lovers can expect less honesty than best friends because of the insecurity that comes with romance.
Mothers can take heart from one other finding. They may have been lied to, but at least their children talked to them. The students were recorded telling few lies to their fathers because they had little interaction with them.
【小题1】What is the meaning of the underlined word "grievance" in Paragraph 1?
A.opinion. | B.complaint. | C.belief. | D.difficulty. |
A.mothers | B.best friends |
C.acquaintances | D.romantic partners |
A.get money from them | B.offer them the services |
C.gain more security | D.make them happy |
A.To present a fact. | B.To argue an idea. |
C.To tell a story. | D.To explain a theory. |
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