Question

【题目】 The negative (负面的) health effects of sleep shortages during the week can’t be changed by marathon weekend sleep sessions, according to a new study.

Researchers have long known that routine sleep deprivation (缺乏) can cause weight gain and increase other health risks, including diabetes. But there are still some people who hope that shutting off the alarm on Saturday and Sunday will repay the weekly sleep debt and remove any ill effects.

The research, published in Current Biology, ruins those hopes. Despite complete freedom to sleep in and nap during a weekend recovery period, participants in a sleep laboratory who were limited to five hours of sleep on weekdays gained nearly three pounds over two weeks and experienced metabolic disruption (代谢紊乱) that would increase their risk for diabetes over the long term. While weekend recovery sleep had some benefits after a single week of inadequate sleep, those gains were wiped out when people returned right to their same sleep schedule the next Monday.

“If there are benefits of catch-up sleep, they’re gone when you go back to your routine. It’s very short-lived,” said Kenneth Wright, who led the research. “These health effects are long-term. It’s kind of like smoking once was — people would smoke and wouldn’t see an immediate effect on their health, but people will say now that smoking is not a healthy lifestyle choice. I think sleep is in the early stage of where smoking used to be.”

Wright said that the study suggests people should prioritize sleep — cutting out the optional “sleep stealers” such as watching television shows or spending time on electronic equipment. Even when people don’t have a choice about losing sleep due to child-care responsibilities or job schedules, they should think about prioritizing sleep in the same way they would think about a healthy diet or exercise.

【1】What had the researchers already known before doing the new research?

A.The actual benefits of weekend recovery sleep.

B.Harm to health caused by the lack of routine sleep.

C.People’s habit of shutting off the alarm during holidays.

D.The relationship between body weight and sleep amount.

【2】Kenneth Wright mentioned smoking to _________.

A.call on smokers to completely abandon smoking

B.advise people to go to sleep when they want to smoke

C.show people have known the harm brought by smoking

D.show people will someday notice the bad effects of sleep deprivation

【3】What does the underlined word “prioritize” probably mean?

A.Have a low opinion of something.

B.Increase the amount of something.

C.Cut down something that isn’t necessary any more.

D.Treat something as being more important than others.

【4】What can be the best title for the text?

A.Weekend Catch-up Sleep Is a Lie

B.Bad Sleep Habits Are Harmful to Health

C.A New Study Has an Unexpected Discovery

D.Advantages and Disadvantages of Catch-up Sleep

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】D

【3】D

【4】A

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。作者通过一项研究与对比举例的方法让大家明白周末马拉松式的“补觉”并不能扭转工作日睡眠不足对健康的负面影响。人们应该把睡眠放在优先地位。

【1】细节理解题。由第二段第一句Researchers have long known that routine sleep deprivation (缺乏) can cause weight gain and increase other health risks, including diabetes（研究人员很早就知道长期的睡眠缺乏会导致体重增加和像糖尿病这样的健康风险）可知，人们很早就知道长期睡眠不足会给身体带来的危害。故选B。

【2】推理判断题。由第四段中Kenneth Wright说的最后两句话可知：长期睡眠不足给健康造成的危害是长期的，就像曾经的抽烟习惯一样---人们抽烟，没有看到立即的效应，但是现在人们会说抽烟是不健康的生活方式。睡眠不足就像是早期的抽烟一样。也就是说作者用这个比喻是想让大家知道终究会有一天人们会注意到睡眠不足带来的坏处。故选D。

【3】词义猜测题。划线单词后有一个破折后，起解释说明的作用。由破折后的句意（减少不必要的“睡眠小偷”式行为，比如看电视节目或者花时间在电子设备上）可知，我们需要把睡眠放在优先的地位。也就是说要把睡眠看的比看电视节目、看电子设备等等这些行为更重要。故选D。

【4】主旨大意题。这是一篇说明文，文章第一段就说明了文章中心。第一段段意为：一项发人深省的新研究表明，周末马拉松式的“补觉”并不能扭转工作日睡眠不足对健康的负面影响。也就是说周末的补觉是一个谎言。故选A。

主旨大意题是篇章阅读一个主要的考察方式，标题题（best title）是其一个典型的考点，也是高考阅读中每年的必考题。主旨大意题解题技巧是不要被文章细节所干扰。一般有两种方式解题：一是看首尾段，根据首尾段内容总结主题思想；二是看每段段首句，根据所有段首句总结主题思想。例如本文中的第四题，就是主旨大意题中的小标题题。由于这是一篇说明文，文章一开始就说明了本文谈论的观点：周末马拉松式的“补觉”并不能扭转工作日睡眠不足对健康的负面影响。剩下段落通过实验与比喻的方式分别让大家对这一观点有了深入的认识，最后一段中是作者给给大家提出的建议。故选A。