Question

    While parents, particularly mothers, have always been attached to their infants（婴儿）. societal conditions frequently made this attachment difficult to maintain（保持）. First of all, the high infant death rate in the premodern times meant that such attachments often ended in hopelessness. Perhaps to prevent the sadness that infant death caused, a number of societal practices developed which worked against early attachment of mother and child.

One of these premodern attachment discouraging practices was to leave infants unnamed until they had survived into the second year. Another practice that discouraged maternal（母亲的）attachment was tightly wrapping（包裹）infants. Wrapping effectively prevented the close physical interactions like stroking（抚摸）and kissing that are so much a part of modern mothers’ and fathers’ affection for their infants.

A third practice which had the same distancing effect was wet-nursing. Breast-feeding（母乳哺育）was not popular among the well-to-do in the early modern times; infants were often fed by wet nurses hired for the purpose. In some places, such as nineteenth-century France, city infants were sent to wet nurses in the country. Often a wet nurse would feed her own child first, leaving little milk for the city infant－who, in many cases, died. In Rouen, the death rate for children sent to a wet nurse was 35 percent

68．Babies were unnamed until they were two so that ______.

A．an old social custom could be kept up

B．maternal attachment could be maintained

C．they could have better chances to survive

D．their parents would not be too sad if they died

69．Why were babies wrapped?

A．To protect them from the cold.

B．To distance their mothers from them.

C．To make them feel more comfortable.

D．To make it easy for their mothers to hold them.

70．Wet nurses were women who _______.

A．babysat city infants

B．fed babies of other families

C．sent their babies to the country

D．failed to look after their babies

71．Which is the best title for the passage?

A．Societal Conditions in Premodern Times

B．Practices of Reducing Matemal Attachment

C．Poor Health Service and High Infant Death Rate

D．Differences between Modern and Premodern Parents

Answer 1

 

68．D．

解析：细节题。由文章第二段第一句话可知答案。

69．B． 

解析：

细节题。由文章第二段最后一句话可知答案。

70．B． 

解析：

词义猜测题。由文章最后一段尤其是该段第四句话可知答案。Wet nurse:奶妈，乳母

71．B． 

解析：

主旨题。文章第一段提出话题：…societal conditions frequently made this attachment difficult to maintain.接着，第二段和第三段分别陈述了三个方面的做法来说明该观点。