Can people change their skin colour without suffering like pop king Michael Jackson? Perhaps yes. Scientists have found the gene that determines skin colour.
The gene comes in two versions, one of which is found in 99 per cent of Europeans. The other is found in 93 to 100 per cent of Africans, researchers at Pennsylvania State University report in the latest issue of Science.
Scientists have changed the colour of a dark-striped zebrafish to uniform gold by inserting a version of the pigment(色素) gene into a young fish. As with humans, zebrafish skin colour is determined by pigment cells, which contain melanosomes(黑色素). The number, size and darkness of melanosomes per pigment cell determines skin colour.
It appears that, like the golden zebrafish, light-skinned Europeans also have a mutation(变异) in the gene for melanosome production. This results in less pigmented skin.
However, Keith Cheng, leader of the research team, points out that the mutation is different in human and zebrafish genes.
Humans acquired dark skin in Africa about 1.5 million years ago to protect bodies from ultra-violet rays of the sun(太阳光紫外线), which can cause skin cancer.
But when modern humans leave Africa to live in northern latitudes, they need more sunlight on their skin to produce vitamin D. So the related gene changes, according to Cheng.
Asians have the same version of the gene as Africans, so they probably acquired their light skin through the action of some other gene that affects skin colour, said Cheng.
The new discovery could lead to medical treatments for skin cancer. It also could lead to research into ways to change skin colour without damaging it like chemical treatment did on Michael Jackson.
The passage mainly tells us that ________.
A. scientists have found out that people’s skin colour is determined by the gene
B. the new discovery could lead to search into ways to change skin colour safely
C. pop king Michael Jackson often changed his skin colour as he liked
D. people can not change their skin colour without any pain
The reason why Europeans are light-skinned is probably that ________.
A. they are born light-skinned people
B. light-skinned Europeans have mutation in the gen for melanosome production
C. they have fewer activities outside
D. they pay much attention to protecting their skin
It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A. nowadays people who want to change their skin colour have to suffer a lot from the damage caused by the chemical treatment
B. Europeans and Africans have the same gene
C. the new discovery has helped to find medical treatments for skin cancer
D. there are two kinds of genes
The writer’s attitude towards the discovery is ________.
A. neutral B. negative C. positive D. indifferent
名师指导期末冲刺卷系列答案科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Meeting people from another culture can be difficult. Form the beginning, people may send the wrong signal（信号）. Or they may pay no attention to signals from another person who is trying to develop a relationship.
Different cultures emphasize (强调) the importance of relationship building to a greater or lesser degree. For example, business in some countries is not possible until there is a relationship of trust. Even with people at work, it is necessary to spend a lot of time in "small talk", usually over a glass of tea, before they do any job. In many European countries -- like the UK or France -- people find it easier to build up a lasting working relationship at restaurants or caf6s rather than at the office.
Talk and silence may also be different in some cultures. I once made a speech in Thailand. I had expected my speech to be a success and start a lively discussion; instead there was an uncomfortable silence. The people present just stared at me and smiled. After getting to know their ways better, I realized that they thought I was talking too much. In my own culture, we express meaning mainly through words, but people there sometimes feel too many words are unnecessary.
Even within Northern Europe, cultural differences can cause serious problems. Certainly, English and German cultures share similar values; however, Germans prefer to get down to business more quickly. We think that they are rude. In fact, this is just because one culture starts discussions and makes decisions more quickly.
People from different parts of the world have different values, and sometimes these values are quite against each other. However, if we can understand them better, a multicultural environment (多元文化环境) will offer a wonderful chance for us to learn from each other.
In some countries, eating together at restaurants may make it easier for people to _______.
A．develop closer relations B．share the same culture
C．get to know each other D．keep each other company
The author mentions his experience in Thailand to show that _________.
A．the English prefer to make long speeches
B．too many words are of no use
C．people from Thailand are quiet and shy by nature
D．even talk and silence can be culturally different
According to the text, how can people from different cultures understand each other better?
A．By sharing different ways of life.
B．By accepting different habits.
C．By recognizing different values.
D．By speaking each other’ s languages.
What would be the best title for the text?
A．Multicultural Environment. B．Cross-Cultural Differences.
C．How to Understand Each Other. D．How to Build Up a Relationship.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2010年山西省临汾一中高一上学期学段考试英语卷 题型：阅读理解
“If I had one million yuan, I would buy you a palace! Do I have one million yuan? No, I don’t! so I only can spend ten fen(分) on this short message, sending you my best wishes! ”
Today, SMS—Short Message Service is popular, and China Mobile says that every second, there are 410 messages being sent.
Look around you! People are watching their mobiles, smiling or laughing. Thumbs are pressing buttons, bring happiness to their friends. The humor of the words shows how beautiful language is! Through SMS, we know the weather report, share jokes and news, express love and friendship.
“Thumb Culture” is becoming more and more popular. It is reported that 67% of young people like to “Short” to greet each other. Internet SMS will provide more convenience to people. I am grateful for the progress because SMS saves me much money. Just on the tip of thumb, so much joy can be found!
【小题1】The first paragraph is a(n) __________.
| A．e-mail. | B．short message. | C．piece of news. | D．story. |
| A．Buy a palace. | B．Provide food. |
| C．Learn foreign language. | D．Send messages. |
| A．save much money. | B．know the weather report. |
| C．enjoy the happiness of SMS. | D．have one million yuan. |
| A．SMS helps people a lot. | B．people can find joy on the Internet. |
| C．greeting can cost much money. | D．thumb has become a kind of culture. |
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科目：高中英语 来源：2014届河南中原名校联盟高三上学期第一次摸底考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
It can be hard to meet people from another culture. From the beginning, people may send the wrong signal（信号）. Or they may pay no attention to signals from another person who is trying to develop a relationship.
Different cultures emphasize （强调）the importance of relationship building to a greater or lesser degree. For example, business in some countries is not possible until there is a relationship of trust. Even with people at work, it is necessary to spend a lot of time in “small talk”, usually over a glass of tea, before they do any job. In many European countries--like the UK or France—people find it easier to build up a lasting working relationship at restaurants or cafes rather than at the office.
Talk and silence may also be different in some cultures. I once made a speech in Thailand. I had expected my speech to be a success and start a lively discussion; instead there was an uncomfortable silence. The people present just stared at me and smiled. After getting to know their ways better, I realized that they thought I was talking too much. In my own culture, we express meaning mainly through words, but people there sometimes feel too many words are unnecessary.
Even within Northern Europe, cultural differences can cause serious problems. Certainly, English and German cultures share similar values; however, Germans prefer to get down to business more quickly. We think that they are rude. In fact, this is just because one culture starts discussions and makes decisions more quickly.
People from different parts of the world have different values, and sometimes these values are quite against each other. However, if we can understand them better, a multicultural environment（多元文化环境）will offer a wonderful chance for us to learn from each other.
1.In some countries, eating together at restaurants may make it easier for people to ________.
A. keep each other company B. share the same Culture
C. get to know each other D. develop closer relations
2.The author mentions his experience in Thailand to show that _________.
A. even talk and silence can be culturally different
B. too many words are of no use
C. people from Thailand are quiet and shy by nature
D. the English prefer to make long speeches
3.According to the text, how can people from different cultures understand each other better?
A. By sharing different ways of life.
B. By recognizing different values.
C. By accepting different habits.
D. By speaking each other’s languages.
4.What would be the best title for the text?
A. Multicultural Environment. B. How to Understand Each Other.
C. Cross-Cultural Differences. D. How to Build Up a Relationship.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2010-2011学年广东省梅州市高三上学期10月月考英语卷 题型：阅读理解
Some disabled people use a special card when they park their cars. These are called disabled placards, which are removable signs that can be hung from the rear-view(后视) mirror of a car. These placards are only supposed to be for disabled people.
These placards are meant to help disabled people in a number of ways. They allow the person to park in special parking spaces. They can also be used when disabled people are being dropped off or picked up. Disabled people can even use them to park without having to pay.
Parking officials think that some people are cheating. Not all people who have these placards are disabled. Today, one in sixteen drivers in California carries the sign. There are a lot more people who have disabled placards today than ten years ago. An official from the DMV(加州车辆管理局) says that there are many reasons for the increase. As people get older, they may develop health problems and need to have one. There are also other reasons why more drivers have them today. Finally, there are a number of people who have them that should not.
Last year the DMV cancelled more than 25,000 permits. They found that lots of people who had the disabled placards had died. These permits are no longer valid.
Some people are worried that the system is being abused. They are worried that access to the program could be limited because of the misuse. More rules could make it harder for people with real disabilities to get these placards.
1.What do we know about placards?
A. They are all used by disabled people.
B. They are cards designed by disabled people.
C. They can help disabled people park their cars.
D. They allow disabled people to drive anywhere.
2.The DMV canceled many permits because_________.
A. the number of old people is growing
B. the number of disabled people is on the rise
C. they want to make it harder for people to get them
D. some people who have the placards have died
3.What can people do with the placards?
A. Drivers can use them when picking up disabled people
B. Disabled people can pay for parking with them.
C. Drivers can use them to drive their cars.
D. People can have access to DMV with them.
4. What does the third paragraph mainly talk about?
A. The reasons why disabled placards are also popular among drivers.
B. Some healthy people also use the disabled placards.
C. The number of disabled placard users had increased.
D. More reasons for drivers to use disabled placards.
5.We learn from the passage that_________.
A. disabled placards will be stopped by the government
B. some people will be punished for breaking the law
C. some disabled people will be forbidden to use disabled placards
D. some rules will be made related to disabled placards
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科目：高中英语 来源：2011-2012年广东广雅中学高一第一学期期中考试英语试题 题型：阅读理解
Meeting people from another culture can be difficult. From the beginning, people may send the wrong signal（信号）. Or they may pay no attention to signals from another person who is trying to develop a relationship.
Different cultures emphasize（强调）the importance of relationship building to a greater or lesser degree. For example, business in some countries is not possible until there is a relationship of trust. Even with people at work, it is necessary to spend a lot of time in "small talk", usually over a glass of tea, before they do any job. In many European countries -- like the UK or France -- people find it easier to build up a lasting working relationship at restaurants or cafes rather than at the office.
Talk and silence may also be different in some cultures. I once made a speech in Thailand. I had expected my speech to be a success and start a lively discussion; instead there was an uncomfortable silence. The people present just stared at me and smiled. After getting to know their ways better, I realized that they thought I was talking too much. In my own culture, we express meaning mainly through words, but people there sometimes feel too many words are unnecessary.
Even within Northern Europe, cultural differences can cause serious problems. Certainly, English and German cultures share similar values; however, Germans prefer to get down to business more quickly. We think that they are rude. In fact, this is just because one culture starts discussions and makes decisions more quickly.
People from different parts of the world have different values, and sometimes these values are quite against each other. However, if we can understand them better, a multicultural environment will offer a wonderful chance for us to learn from each other.
1.In some countries, eating together at restaurants may make it easier for people to__________.
A．develop closer relations B．share the same culture
C．get to know each other D．keep each other company
2. The author mentions his experience in Thailand to show that__________.
A．the English prefer to make long speeches
B．too many words are of no use
C．people from Thailand are quiet and shy by nature
D．even talk and silence can be culturally different
3.According to the text, how can people from different cultures understand each other better?
A．By sharing different ways of life. B．By accepting different habits.
C．By recognizing different values. D．By speaking each other' s languages.
4.What would be the best title for the text?
A．Multicultural Environment. B．Cross-Cultural Differences.
C．How to Understand Each Other. D．How to Build Up a Relationship.
5.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. I talked too much in the speech, which surprised the audience.
B. Within Northern Europe, there are no such things as cultural differences.
C. There is no way to overcome cultural differences.
D. Different cultures have difference in relationship building.
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