分析 本文主要讲述芬兰教育局决定废弃分科教学的事.芬兰学生将不再按学科学习.很快,学生们的课堂就会变得像开会一样进行话题讨论.芬兰的教育体制在全球首屈一指,然而这个体制却将发生翻天覆地的变化.芬兰国家教育局已经决定废弃"分科教学"这一亘古未变的教育方法.他们将会让学生们通过"话题学习"的方式来学习和提问.负责赫尔辛基地区(教育体制改革一线城市)青年和成人教育的Liisa Pohjolainen表示:"这对芬兰的教育来说是一个巨大的改变,而我们也只是刚刚迈出第一步".虽然这次教育体制改革似乎太过颠覆,但它的出现也在情理之中.城市发展主管Pasi Silander说:"当前芬兰需要的是一种新的为人们工作生涯做准备的教育.现在的年青一代使用的是先进的计算机.而在过去,银行职员们完全靠双手完成统计,然而这一现象在当今社会早已不复存在.因此我们需要在教育方面做一些改变,以适应当前企业和社会的需要".芬兰如何实施这一全新的教育方法?很显然,全方位的职业技能的积累要比"课程"优先进入考虑范围.年龄接近20岁的青少年已经参加了"现象教学"--或者叫话题教学.例如,《自助餐厅服务》课会包含金融、语言(针对国外人士的服务)、写作技能和沟通技巧的内容.学生会被逐渐教授跨学科话题,包含多种学科的元素.这些元素根据学生学习的"话题"或"技能"不同而变化.除此之外,学生们不再坐在座位上,成绩也不会通过传统的方式进行评估.学生们将组成更小规模的小组通过集体合作解决问题,这样学生的沟通能力就会随之提升.他们不再按排坐在座位上,也不会通过逐个回答问题被评估.相反地,通过合作更快找到答案的小组会被晋升.教育体制改革必须做到彻底,因为以前传统的教育方式是建立在使用那种可用性和可及行都很低相对原始的工具的基础上.现代世界却是充满联系的,这样的情况不正说明如今是让学生们迈出只是学习事实提高记忆力而不是智力开发的时代了吗?
解答 78.replacing studying subject with discussing topics/teaching by topic instead of by subject.推理判断题.根据文章第二段的The education department has decided to abandon the old method of"teaching by subject."Instead,the country will now involve the children to help them learn and question by evolving to"teaching by topic"可知答案是replacing studying subject with discussing topics/teaching by topic instead of by subject.
79.To prepare people for working life./To adapt people to modern society.细节理解题.根据文章第三段"What we need now is a different kind of education to prepare people for working life."可知答案是To prepare people for working life./To adapt people to modern society.
80.It teaches cross-subject topics and focuses on team work./It focuses on vocational skill development and team work./It focuses on vocational skill development and cross-subject topics.推理判断题.根据文章第五段"Students will slowly be taught cross-subject topics…"以及"Students will sit in smaller groups and work collectively to solve problems"可知答案是It teaches cross-subject topics and focuses on team work./It focuses on vocational skill development and team work./It focuses on vocational skill development and cross-subject topics.
81.emphasizes mere fact-based learning that promotes memory expansion.细节理解题.根据文章最后一段"isn't it time for the students to learn how to step ahead of mere fact-based learning that promotes memory expansion rather than mental development?"可知答案是emphasizes mere fact-based learning that promotes memory expansion.
点评 本文属于科教类短文,此类文章的最大的障碍是词汇以及考生对阅读内容的不熟悉,需要考生在阅读的时候有足够的耐心.要养成在上下文串联中猜测词义的能力,同时要抓住文章的中心,不要受其他信息的影响.要根据文章的上下文串联合理的判断推理. 审清题干,发觉和把握试题中有效的提示性信息,确认命题的角度、阅读范围和答题方式. 定位阅读,强化对应意识.同时要注意原文利用和自我加工相结合.
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40.A.admitted | B.suggested | C.showed | D.replied |
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42.A.response | B.door | C.entrance | D.solution |
43.A.posting | B.copying | C.finishing | D.revising |
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53.A.adventures | B.benefits | C.opportunities | D.challenges |
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