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    　　Pruning involves the cutting away of overgrown and unwanted branches, and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way．　　1　　

    　　First, pruning may be done to make sure that trees have a desired shape or size．　　2　　 Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier．　　3　　 The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing the branches that are locking up the centre and so preventing the free movement of air．

    　　One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease, but it is a wound that will heal, 　　4　　．So there is a period when the tree is at risk．It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce the risk and make the area which has been pruned smooth and clean, for healing will be slowed down by roughness．You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hours and then paint it with one of the substances available from garden shops produced especially for this purpose．Pruning is usually done in winter, for then you can see the shape of the tree clearly without interference(介入)from the leaves and also it is very unlikely that the cuts you make will bleed．　　5　　

    A．Pruning means cutting off some of the branches of a tree or bush to make it grow better．

    B．You can make something smaller by removing parts that you do not need or want．

    C．You may cut diseased or dead wood, or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause wounds．

    D．Often there is a race between the healing and the disease as to whether the tree will live or die．

    E．If this does happen, it is, of course, impossible to paint them properly．

    F．The object may be to get a tree of the right height, and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape．

    G．Trees should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and, fortunately, the number of such reasons is small．

    答案：
    解析：

    G　F　C　D　E


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    科目：高中英语 来源：甘肃省兰州市2012届高三诊断性考试英语试题 题型：050

    阅读理解

    　　English teenagers are to receive compulsory(必修的)cooking lessons in schools．The idea is to encourage healthy eating to fight the country's increasing obesity rate．It's feared that basic cooking and food preparation skills are being lost as parents turn to pre-prepared convenience foods．

    　　Cooking was once regarded as an important part of education in England-even if it was mainly aimed at girls．In recent decades cooking has progressively become a minor activity in schools．In many cases the schools, themselves have given up cooking meals in kitchens in the schools．But the rising level of obesity has led to a rethink about the food that children are given and the skills they should be taught．

    　　"What I want is to teach young people how to do basic, simple recipes like a tomato sauce, a bolognaise, a simple curry, a stir-fry．Which they can use now at home and then in their later life," said Ed Balls, the minister responsible for schools．

    　　The new lessons are due to start in September, but some schools without kitchens will be given longer to adapt．There is also likely to be a shortage of teachers with the right skills, since the trend has been to teach food technology rather than practical cooking．Also the compulsory lesspns for hands on cooking will only be one hour a week for one term．But the well-known cookery writer, Pru Leith, believes it will be worth it．

    　　"If we'd done this thirty years ago we might not have the crisis we've got now about obesity and lack of knowledge about food and so on．Every child should know how to cook, not just so that they'll be healthy, but because it's a life skill which is a real pleasure．"

    　　The renewed interest in cooking is primarily a response to the level of obesity in Britain which is among the highest in Europe, and according to government figures half of all Britons will be obese in 25 years if current trends are not halted．

    (1)

    Which of the following is NOT the purpose for English teenagers to receive cooking lessons?

    [　　]

    A．

    To encourage teenagers to eat healthy food．

    B．

    To reduce the country's increasing obesity rate．

    C．

    To prevent basic cooking and food preparation skills from being lost．

    D．

    To stop parents from turning to pre-prepared convenience foods．

    (2)

    In what way will cooking lessons benefit the students?

    [　　]

    A．

    They will be able to do some basic, simple recipes like a tomato sauce．

    B．

    They will be healthy and enjoy the pleasure of such a life skill as well：

    C．

    They will be able to make food experiments with the knowledge and skills．

    D．

    They will be able to control the level of obesity in the whole country．

    (3)

    The underlined word in the last paragraph probably means ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    continued

    B．

    stopped

    C．

    spread

    D．

    kept

    (4)

    It can be inferred from the passage that ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    cooking has always been an important part of school education in England

    B．

    English teenagers will have their cooking lessons twice a week for one year

    C．

    the obesity rate in Britain has been rapidly growing in recent decades

    D．

    the students will pay a lot of money to the school for their cooking lessons

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