【题目】The pursuit of longevity has long been on people’s minds, prompting an abundance of research on the effects of food and diet on the human lifespan. According to recent research from the UC Irvine Institute, drinking coffee and wine could help you live longer.
The 90+ Study evaluated more than 1,600 people over the age of 90 for their lifestyle habits and other qualities that might have contributed to their longevity.
Participants were visited every six months, when they were given various tests. Researchers also collected information about the participants’ diets, lifestyles, and medical histories.
They found out that two of the habits that helped preserve lives the most are drinking alcohol and coffee. “I have no explanation for it,” admitted Dr Claudia Kawas, “but I do firmly believe that moderate (适度的) drinking improves longevity.” So should we all be drinking more coffee and wine? While that would be great news, the research may not be as definitive as it seems.
“Most studies about alcohol consumption, including The 90+ Study, are observational, so we can only say that something about drinking is associated with health and longevity,” registered dietitian Jennifer Markowitz told The Daily Meal.
“I’d be curious to see if the coffee and alcohol drinkers shared other important habits or lifestyle factors that might also play into their longevity.”
In other words, it might not be the wine and coffee that’s helping people live longer, but the two substances do have some considerable health benefits. “Wine and coffee are packed with antioxidants(抗氧化剂) which are known to protect our bodies from damage caused by free radicals,” explained registered dietitian Keri Gans to The Daily Meal. “Research on antioxidants has shown several heath benefits, including the possibility they may lower the risk of type 2 diabetes, improve cognitive function, decrease the risk of dementia, and lower the risk of heart disease.”
Moderate drinking can be beneficial according to other studies—so long as it’s moderate.
【1】What’s the passage mainly about?
A.Antioxidants having a positive effect on the lifespan.
B.The effects of food and diet on the human lifespan.
C.Advocating drinking wine and coffee in our daily life.
D.Moderate drinking helping people live longer.
【2】The information was collected about the participants in the 90+ Study except ________.
A.food consumption
B.lifestyle
C.hobbies
D.medical history
【3】How can the wine and coffee benefit people’s health?
A.They provide people with essential nutrition.
B.They are rich in antioxidants.
C.They protect free radicals in human bodies.
D.They can bring relief to pain.
【4】What can we infer from the passage?
A.Not all the people participating in the study are over 90.
B.Most studies about alcohol consumption are based on observation.
C.Over-drinking can also be beneficial according to other studies.
D.Antioxidants can cure type 2 diabetes.
【答案】
【1】D
【2】C
【3】B
【4】B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。研究表明：适当的饮用酒和咖啡有助于长寿。其中，酒和咖啡里的抗氧化剂起了主要作用。
【1】主旨大意题。由文章第一段中的“According to recent research from the UC Irvine Institute, drinking coffee and wine could help you live longer”和最后一段“According to recent research from the UC Irvine Institute, drinking coffee and wine could help you live longer”可知，文章主要介绍的是适度的饮用咖啡和酒有助于长寿。故选D项。
【2】细节理解题。由第三段中的“Researchers also collected information about the participants’ diets, lifestyles, and medical histories”可知，研究者们搜集了参与者们的饮食，生活方式和医疗史的相关数据，用排除法，故选C项。
【3】细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“Wine and coffee are packed with antioxidants(抗氧化剂) which are known to protect our bodies from damage caused by free radicals”可知，酒和咖啡里的抗氧化剂可以保护我们的身体免受自由基引起的危害。故选B项。
【4】推理判断题。由第五段中的“Most studies about alcohol consumption, including The 90+ Study, are observational”可知，大部分关于酒精摄入的研究都是以观察为基础的。故选B项。
概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。该文是介绍一个研究结果的，该类文章的中心一般就在第一段。因此，考生直接抓住第一段中的“According to recent research from the UC Irvine Institute, drinking coffee and wine could help you live longer”即可找到文章中心。
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