【题目】阅读短文,完成下列问题。
B
Women who own cats are more likely to have mental health problems and kill themselves because they can be infected by a common parasite that can be caught from cat litter, a study has found.
Researchers found women infected with the Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) parasite(刚地弓形虫), which is spread through contact with cat waste or eating undercooked meat or unwashed vegetables, are at increased risk of attempting suicide.
The study involved more than 45,000 women in Denmark. About a third of the world's population is infected with the parasite, which hides in cells in the brain and muscles, often without producing symptoms.
The infection, which is called toxoplasmosis(弓形虫病), has been linked to mental illness, such as schizophrenia(精神分裂症), and changes in behavior.
The study's senior author Doctor Teodor Postolache, an associate professor of psychiatry(精神病学) at the University of Maryland School of Medicine in the United States, said, “We can't say with certainty that T. gondii caused the women to try to kill themselves, but we did find a predictive association between the infection and suicide attempts later in life that deserves additional studies.”
Doctor Albert Reece, vice president of medical affairs at the University of Maryland, said, “T. gondii infection is a major public health problem around the world, and many people don't realize they're infected.
“Dr Postolache is a leading expert on suicide neuroimmunology(神经免疫学). Suicide is a critically important mental health issue. About one million people commit suicide and another 10 million attempt suicide worldwide each year. We hope that this type of research will one day help us find ways to save many lives that now end too early in suicide.”
Dr. Postolache's research team at the University of Maryland was the first to report a connection between T. gondii and suicidal behavior in 2009. He is cooperating with researchers in Denmark, Germany and Sweden to confirm and investigate the way leading to this association.
The T. gondii parasite thrives in the intestines of cats, and it is spread through their waste. All warm-blooded animals can become infected through contact with it. Humans can become infected by changing their infected cats' litter boxes, eating unwashed vegetables, drinking water from a polluted source, or by eating undercooked or raw meat.
Not washing kitchen knives after preparing raw meat before handling another food item also can lead to infection. Pregnant women can pass the parasite directly to their unborn babies and are advised not to change cat litter boxes to avoid possible infection.
Babies don't produce antibodies to T. gondii for three months after they are born, so the antibodies present in their blood represented infection in the mothers. The scientists studied Danish health patients to determine if any of these women later attempted suicide, including cases of violent suicide attempts which may have involved guns, sharp instruments and jumping from high places.
The study found that women infected with T. gondii were one and a half times more likely to attempt suicide compared to those who were not infected, and the risk seemed to rise with increasing levels of the T. gondii antibodies.
Dr Postolache noted limitations to the study, such as the inability to determine the cause of the suicidal behavior.
The findings were published online in the Archives of General Psychiatry.
(1)The objects of the research are women from _____.
A.Demark
B.the USA
C.Germany
D.Sweden
(2)The common way which is more likely to be infected with the disease is _____.
A.to eat unwashed vegetables or undercooked meat
B.to clean a place where a cat once lived for a time
C.to pass the infection to her unborn baby during a woman's pregnancy
D.to reuse kitchen tools which have been used to cut raw meat
(3)What is the consequence if a woman is infected with the parasite in the passage?
A.Having a high fever.
B.Doing deliberate self-harm.
C.Keeping a depressed mood.
D.Becoming bad tempered.
(4)What can be inferred from the passage?
A.Women have a higher risk to be infected by the parasite than men.
B.The result of the research may help the scientists to find ways to stop suicide in advance.
C.The scientists will continue their research into the possible connection.
D.The risk of being infected seems to rise with the decreasing levels of the antibodies.
(5)Which of the following statements would probably be the best title of the passage?
A.Why are women more likely to commit suicide?
B.Women should keep away from cats.
C.Ways found to deal with women's mental problems.
D.Are women who own cats at a suicide risk?
【答案】
(1)A
(2)B
(3)B
(4)C
(5)D
【解析】本文讲述的是与猫长时间接触的人容易有精神方面的问题。文章介绍了对此现象的进行研究的具体情况。
(1)A细节题。根据文章第三段第一句The study involved more than 45,000 women in Denmark.可知本次研究的对象都是丹麦的女性。故A正确。
(2)B 推理题。 根据文章第二段1,2行Researchers found women infected with the Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) parasite(刚地弓形虫), which is spread through contact with cat waste可知既然这种病是由于猫的粪便携带的病菌传播的。那么较好的方法就是彻底打扫有猫长时间住的地方,杀死这些病菌。故B正确。
(3)B细节题。根据文章第五段we did find a predictive association between the infection and suicide attempts later in life that deserves additional studies.可知这样病菌与人们的自杀企图是有关系的,自杀是一种自残的自我伤害行为。故B正确。
(4)C推理题。根据文章第五段We can't say with certainty that T. gondii caused the women to try to kill themselves, but we did find a predictive association between the infection and suicide attempts later in life that deserves additional studies.可知我们现在无法确定这种病菌与女性自杀之间的联系,但是科学家会继续努力发现这两者之间的联系。故C正确。
(5)D主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第一段Women who own cats are more likely to have mental health problems and kill themselves because they can be infected by a common parasite that can be caught from cat litter, a study has found.可知本文讲述的是与猫长时间接触的人容易有精神方面的问题。文章对此现象进行了研究。故D正确。
科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:
【题目】语法填空
A father is very worried about his son, acts like a coward. So his father paid a visit to the master and (ask) him to train his son.
The master said, “I promise I'll be able to train your child into real man in three months.”
Three months later, his father came (pick) the child. The master arranged a match the child and his coach to show the three-month training result.
At Round One, the child was knocked down and fell to the ground. He stood up to meet the challenge. But he was knocked down again, and once again he stood up to fight... this (repeat) six times.
The master asked his father, “Do you think your child's (perform) is that of a man?” The father said, “I feel ashamed for ! I never expected that he would be so weak after three (month) training.” The master said, “I don't agree with you, and I regret you only see the surface of things. You have not seen the courage and perseverance in your son. This is the very spirit of a man!”
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:
【题目】The reality is not beautiful as we thought. If you choose only to complain and escape, it will always follow you wherever you go. But if you decide to be strong, the【1】 (hard) will turn out to be a fortune on 【2】 new hopes will arise. For me, small dose of hope is enough.
When I was in my first year in my high school, I hit a stretch where every area of my life was a disaster. I felt hopeless and alone, and more 【3】 ( depress) than I knew was possible. I have no idea about my future.
One day, I was walking from class across campus to catch my bus home head down, fighting tears of total despair, 【4】 an old man came down the sidewalk toward me. Embarrassed at【5】 (see) such an emotional mess, I turned my head away and hoped to hurry past. I felt he’d walk on by,【6】 he moved until he was directly in front of me. That time, I thought he was a strange man who got on 【7】 (I) nerves. But, to my surprise, I looked up and found him smiling. Looking into my eyes, this stranger spoke【8】 a quiet voice, “What is wrong will pass. You are going to be ok, just hang on” He then, smiled again and 【9】 (walk) away.
I can not explain the impact of that man’s unexpected kindness and unconditional caring! He gave me one thing I had lost 【10】 (complete): hope.
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:
【题目】书面表达
假设你是李华,你的英国朋友Peter来信向你咨询如何才能学好中文。请你根据下列要点写回信。
要点:(1)参加中文学习班(2)看中文书刊、电视(3)学唱中文歌曲(4)交中国朋友
注意:(1)词数100左右(2)可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯(3)开头语已为你写好
Dear Peter,
I'm glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well……
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__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Best wishes,
Li Hua
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:
【题目】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处,每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均限一词。
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Ralph,
I'm a senior student. I have be in love with a boy for three years. But he is a shy boy, so I wrote him a letter firstly to express my feeling. And he wrote back. In his letter he said, “We are students. Our task is study. Let us wait to see until we have any chance after graduation.” So after graduation I telephoned to him, asking him about go out . But he said he didn't want to. He just wanted to sleep and watched TV. How do you think I should do? Do you think I should continue to love him and give up.
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:
【题目】阅读短文,完成下列问题。
C
“I never did hate the Yankees (北方佬). All that I hated was the war...” That's how my great-aunt Bettie began her story. I heard it many times as a child, whenever my family visited Aunt Bettie in the old house in Berryville, Virginia.
Bettie Van Metre had good reason to hate the Civil War. Her brother was killed at Gettysburg, and her husband, James, a Confederate (南方联盟军) officer, was taken prisoner and sent to an unknown prison camp somewhere.
One day in late September, Dick came to Bettie reporting that he had found a wounded Union soldier in a farmhouse half a mile away from the Van Metre home. When talking about her first sight of the man in the blood-spotted blue uniform, she always used the same words. “It was like walking into a nightmare: those awful bandages, that terrible smell.” She went out into the cool air, trying not to be sick at the thought of that smashed right hand, that missing left leg.
The man’s papers Bettie found in the farmhouse showed his identity: Henry Bedell, 30 years old. She knew that she should report the presence of this Union officer to the Confederate army, but she wouldn't. This is how she explained it: “I kept wondering if he had a wife somewhere, hoping, and not knowing—just as I was. It seemed to me that the only thing that mattered was to get her husband back to her.”
Slowly, patiently, skillfully, Aunt Bettie fanned the spark of life in Henry Bedell. Of drugs or medicines she had almost none. And she was not willing to take any from the few supplies at the Confederate hospital. But she did the best she could with what she had.
The October nights in the valley grew cold. With the help of Dick and his wife, she moved the Union officer at night, to a hidden room above the warm kitchen of her own home. But the next day, Bedell had a high fever. Knowing that she must get help, she went to her family doctor, Graham Osborne. Dr. Osborne examined Bedell and said, “there was little hope unless proper medicines could be found.”
“I'll get them from the Yankees at Harpers Ferry.” Bettie said. The doctor told her that Harpers Ferry was almost 20 miles away. Even if she reached them, the Yankees would never believe her. “I'll take proof,” Bettie said. She found a blood-spotted paper bearing the official War Department seal (印章). “When I show it, they'll believe me.”
Early the next morning she set off with a list of medical items. For five hours she drove, stopping only to rest her horse. The sun was almost down when she finally stood before the general at Harpers Ferry. The general listened, but did not believe her. “Madam,” he said, “Bedell's death was reported to us.” “He's alive,” Bettie insisted. “But he won't be much longer unless he has the medicines on that list.” “Well,” the general turned to a junior officer, “see that Mrs. Van Metre gets the supplies.”
With the medicines, Bedell gradually recovered. Ten days later he was walking with sticks. “I'd better go back as soon as possible.” Bedell told Bettie. So it was arranged that Dick should help Bettie deliver Bedell to Harpers Ferry in his wagon. Bedell lay down in a box filled with hay, his rifle and sticks beside him.
At Harpers Ferry, the soldiers were amazed when the Union officer with the missing leg rose from his hay-filled box. Bedell told the story to Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton, who wrote a letter of thanks to Bettie and signed an order to free James Van Metre. It was arranged for Bedell to go with Bettie as she searched for her husband. Records showed that a James Van Metre had been sent to a prison camp in Ohio. Then at Fort Delaware, near the end of the line of prisoner, a tall man stepped out and walked clumsily into Bettie's arms. Bettie held him, tears streaming down her face. And Henry Bedell, standing by on his sticks, wept, too.
(1)Why wouldn’t Bettie report the presence of Bedell to the Confederate army?
A.Because she felt it her responsibility to save soldiers of the Union.
B.Because she wanted to save Bedell so that her husband could be freed.
C.Because Bedell was more a suffering human being than an enemy to Bettie.
D.Because Bedell begged Bettie not to give him away to the Confederate army.
(2)Dr. Osborn thought it was ______ of Bettie Van Metre to drive to Harpers Ferry for the medicines.
A.crazy
B.kind
C.brave
D.smart
(3)Still recovering, Henry Bedell decided to leave as soon as possible mainly because ______.
A.he was eager to return to the Union to fight
B.he didn’t want to go on putting Bettie in danger
C.he was concerned about his safety at the Van Metre home
D.he could be treated with better medicines back at Harpers Ferry
(4)Rearrange the following statements in terms of time order.
a. Bettie's husband was found and freed.
b. Bettie helped deliver Bedell back to Harpers Ferry.
c. Bettie moved Bedell to a safe room in her own house.
d. Bettie drove all the way to Harpers Ferry to get the medicines for Bedell.
e. In spite of being short of medicines, Bettie attended to Bettie with what she had.
f. Bettie saw Bedell in a farmhouse half a mile away from her house for the first time.
A.f, e, c, b, d, a
B.f, c, e, d, b, a
C.f, e, c, d, b, a
D.f, c, e, b, d, a
(5)What message is conveyed through the end of the story?
A.Giving is a reward in itself.
B.Happiness comes from giving.
C.Help yourself by helping others.
D.God helps those who help themselves.
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:
【题目】阅读短文,完成下列问题。
C
We discuss the issue of when to help a patient die. Doctors of our generation are not newcomers to this question. Going back to my internship(实习)days, I can remember many patients in pain, sometimes in coma(昏迷), with late, hopeless cancer. For many of them, we wrote an order for heavy medication—morphine(吗啡)by the clock. This was not talked about openly and little was written about it. It was essential, not controversial.
The best way to bring the problem into focus is to describe two patients whom I cared for. The first, formerly a nurse, had an automobile accident. A few days later her lungs seemed to fill up; her heart developed dangerous rhythm disturbances. So there she was: in coma, on a breathing machine, her heartbeat maintained with an electrical device. One day after rounds, my secretary said the husband and son of the patient wanted to see me. They told me their wife and mother was obviously going to die; she was a nurse and had told her family that she never wanted this kind of terrible death, being maintained by machines. I told them that while I respected their view, there was nothing deadly about her situation. The kidney(肾) failure she had was just the kind for which the artificial kidney was most effective. While possibly a bit reassured, they were disappointed. Here was the head surgeon seemingly determined to keep everybody alive, no matter what.
Within a few days the patient's pacemaker(起搏器) could be removed and she awoke from her coma. About six months later, the door of my office opened and in walked a gloriously fit woman. After some cheery words of appreciation, the father and son asked to speak to me alone. As soon as the door closed, both men became quite tearful. All that came out was, "We want you to know how wrong we were."
The second patient was an 85-year-old lady whose hair caught fire while she was smoking. She arrived with a deep burn; I knew it would surely be deadly. As a remarkable coincidence there was a meeting for discussion going on at the time in medical ethics(道德). The speaker asked me if I had any sort of ethical problem I could bring up for discussion. I described the case and asked the students their opinion. After the discussion, I made a remark that was, when looking back, a serious mistake. I said, "I'll take the word back to the nurses about her and we will talk about it some more before we decide." The instructor and the students were shocked: "You mean this is a real patient?" The teacher of ethics was not accustomed to being challenged by actuality. In any event, I went back and met with the nurses. A day or two later, when she was making no progress and was suffering terribly, we began to back off treatment. Soon she died quietly and not in pain. As a reasonable physician, you had better move ahead and do what you would want done for you. And don't discuss it with the world first. There is a lesson here for everybody. Assisting people to leave this life requires strong judgment and long experience to avoid its misuse.
(1)In the early days when a patient had got a deadly, hopeless illness, _____.
A.doctors used to ask the patient to go back home and wait for death
B.doctors would write all their treatment plan on the patient's medical record
C.doctors would talk about their treatment plan openly
D.usually doctors would inject more morphine into the patient to end his life
(2)In the second paragraph, why were they disappointed?
A.Their wife and mother was going to die.
B.They doctor didn't do as they asked to.
C.Their wife and mother had to receive a kidney transplant.
D.The doctor scolded them for their cruelty
(3)At the meeting, the author discussed with the students_____.
A.how to help patients end their lives
B.the importance of mercy killing
C.the relationship between mercy killing and ethics
D.the case about an old lady
(4)The author suggested that doctors_____ before they assist a patient in killing himself.
A.discuss it with the others first
B.make sure there is no other choice left
C.be required to do so first by the patient
D.give the patient enough morphine
(5)Which of the following can best describe the author?
A.Cruel.
B.Determined.
C.Experienced.
D.Considerate.
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:
【题目】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下短文。短文中共有10处错误,每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
When talking about sport, I always feel very exciting, because I like sport so much I love playing tennis, but it is my favorite sport. One day that I came home after school, I turned on TV and watch a tennis match. At first, I was attracted by the two beautiful tennis player. When I watched the match for ten minutes I found it wonderful. From now on, I started to watch tennis matches. I have learned to play the tennis, and I often invite my friends play with me. My love to tennis are more than I could express. I am so luckily to have some friends who share the same interest with me.
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