Question

【题目】 There is no denying that students should learn something about how computers work, just as we expect them at least to understand that the internal-combustion engine has something to do with burning fuel, expanding gases and pistons 【1】 (drive). For people should have some basic idea of how the things that they use do 【2】 they do. Further, students might be helped by a course that considers the computer’s impact on society. But that is not what is meant 【3】 computer literacy. Computer literacy is not a form of literacy; it is a trade skill that should not be taught as a liberal art.

Learning how to use a computer and learning how to program one are two distinct activities. A case might be made that the competent citizens of tomorrow 【4】 free themselves from their fear of computers. But this is quite different from saying that all ought to know how to program one. Leave that to people who have chosen programming as a career. While programming can be lots of fun, 【5】 while our society needs some people who are experts at it, the same is true of auto repair and violin-making.

Learning how to use a computer is not that difficult, and it gets easier all the time as programs become more “user-friendly”. Let us assume that in the future 【6】 is going to have to know how to use a computer to be a competent citizen. What does the phrase learning to use a computer mean? It sounds like “learning to drive a car”, that is, it sounds 【7】 there is some set of definite skills that, once 【8】 (acquire), enable one to use a computer.

In fact, “learning to use a computer” is much more like “learning to play a game”, but learning the rules of one game may not help you play 【9】 second game, 【10】 rules may not be the same. There is no such a thing as teaching someone how to use a computer. One can only teach people to use this or that program and generally that is easily accomplished.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】being driven

【2】what

【3】by

【4】should

【5】and

【6】everyone

【7】as if

【8】acquired

【9】a

【10】whose

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文，介绍了学生们应该掌握计算机的工作原理及其必要性。

【1】考查非谓语动词。句意：不可否认，学生应该学习一些关于计算机如何工作的知识，就像我们希望他们至少了解内燃机与燃烧燃料、膨胀气体和驱动活塞有关一样。pistons与drive之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，而且动作正在发生，所以用现在分词的被动式作后置定语，故填being driven。

【2】考查宾语从句。句意：因为人们应该对他们所使用的东西如何起作用有一些基本的概念。此处为宾语从句，从句中的do缺少宾语，故填what。

【3】考查介词。句意：但这并不是计算机素养的含义。A is meant by B是固定表达，表示“B的意思是A”，故填by。

【4】考查情态动词。句意：有理由认为，未来称职的公民应该摆脱对电脑的恐惧。此处表示说话者的推测，表示“应该”。所以case后的同位语从句中要用情态动词should ，故填should。

【5】考查连词。句意：虽然编程很有趣，而且我们的社会也需要一些这方面的专家，但汽车修理和小提琴制作也是如此。此处缺少连词，根据句意可知前后是并列关系，故填and。

【6】考查代词。句意：让我们假设将来每个人都必须知道如何使用计算机才能成为合格的公民。此处用代词作主语，根据句意可知此处表示“每个人”，故填everyone。

【7】考查表语从句。句意：这听起来像是“学开车”，也就是说，听起来好像有一套明确的技巧，一旦掌握，就可以使用计算机。根据句意可知此处表示“好像”，用as if引导表语从句，故填as if。

【8】考查状语从句的省略。句意同上，此处为once引导的条件状语从句的省略，some set of definite skills与acquire之间是被动关系，完整部分应该是once it is acquired，此处相当于省略了it is，故填acquired。

【9】考查冠词。句意：但是学习一个游戏的规则并不能帮助你玩另一个游戏，因为它的规则可能不一样。a+序数词+可数名词单数表示“又一、再一……”，故填a。

【10】考查非限定性定语从句。句意同上，此处为非限定性定语从句，rules 与先行词a second game之间是所属关系，所以用whose在从句中作定语，故填whose。