2.Music for Humans and Humpback Whales
As researchers conclude in Science,the love of music is not only a universal feature of the human species,but is also deeply fixed in complex structures of the human brain,and is far more ancient than previously suspected.
In the articles that discuss the field of bio-musicology,the study of the biological basis for the creation and appreciation of music,researchers present various evidence to,show that music-making is at once an original human"business",and an art form with skillful performers throughout the animal kingdom.
The new reports stress that humans hold no copyright on sound wisdom,and that a number of nonhuman animals produce what can rightly be called music,rather than random sound.Recent in-depth analyses of the songs sung by humpback whales show that,even when their organ would allow them to do otherwise,the animals converge on the same choices relating to sounds and beauty,and accept the same laws of song composition as those preferred by human musicians,and human ears,everywhere.
For example,male humpback whales,who spend six months of each year doing little else but singing,use rhythms (节奏) similar to those found in human music and musical phrases of similar length-a few seconds.Whales are able to make sounds over a range of at least seven octaves (八度音阶),yet they tend to move on through a song in beautiful musical intervals,rather than moving forwards madly.They mix the sounds like drums and pure tones in a ratio (比例) which agrees with that heard in much western music.They also use a favorite technique of human singers,the so-called A-B-A form,in which a theme is stated,then developed,and then returned to in slightly revised form.
Perhaps most impressive,humpback songs contain tunes that rhyme."This suggests that whales use rhyme in the same way we do:as a technique in poem to help them remember complex material,"the researchers write.
24.The underlined words"converge on"in Paragraph 3probably meansA.
A.tend towards
B.refer to
C.turn into
D.put forward
25.Which of the following shows the advanced musical ability in humpback whales?B
A.They can remember complex material.
B.They can create pleasing patterns of music.
C.They can make sounds like drums continuously.
D.They can sing along with rhythms of western music.
26.What is the main idea of the article?D
A.Animals are able to compose and enjoy music like humans.
B.Human beings borrow ideas in music from humpback whales.
C.Humpback whales are skillful performers in the animal kingdom.
D.Music-making it an ancient activity of both humans and animals.
27.The main purpose of the passage is toB.
A.argue and discuss
B.inform and explain
C.compare and advertise
D.examine and assess.
分析 本文属于科普类说明文,全篇以Humpback Whales(座头鲸)为例阐述了动物和人类一样具备音乐创作的能力.
解答 24.A 词义推断题.该词在文章第三段,联系前后文even when their organ would allow them to do otherwise,the animals converge on the same choices relating to sounds and beauty可知,深入分析Humpback Whales 会发现:它们都趋向于发出那种动听悦耳、被大众喜爱的声音.故A正确.
25.B 细节理解题.根据第四段Whales are able to make sounds over a range of at least seven octaves (八度音阶),yet they tend to move on through a song in beautiful musical intervals,rather than moving forwards madly.可知Humpback Whales 能够灵活运用节奏、音阶,以及声音的表现形式,使发声动听优美.故B正确.
26.D 主旨大意题.第二段最后一句show that music-making is at once an original human"business",and an art form with skillful performers throughout the animal kingdom.引出全篇要说明的话题:创作音乐并非专属人类世界,动物世界也同样存在.接下来,全文围绕这一观点进行说明.故答案选D.
27.B 意图判断题.根据全文可知,前两段提出要阐述的话题,之后以Humpback Whales 为例进一步说明这一事实.故B正确.
点评 阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释.考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点.