Question

【题目】 Scientists may have found a way to reduce shortage of type O blood. Type O is the kind of blood that hospitals most often need. What the researchers are testing is an easier way to make type O blood out of other kinds of blood.

There are four main kinds of blood. Most people born with one of these four: Type A,Type B, Type AB or Type O. Type O can be safely given to anyone. So it is commonly used when a person is injured or sick and has to have blood.

The differences among blood types are linked to whether or not red blood cells contain certain kinds of sugar molecules(分子). These molecules are found on the surface of the cells.They are known as antigens (抗原). These antigens are found with type A, B and AB blood but not with type O.

More than twenty-five years ago, scientists found that the antigens could be removed to create what they called universal-type cells. They could be removed with chemicals called enzymes(酶). But large amounts of enzymes were required to make the change.

Doctor Henrik Clausen of the University of Copenhagen in Denmark led the study. The next step, he says, is to complete safety tests. The team is working with the American company ZymeQuest to test the new method. If it meets safety requirements(*k)and is not too costly,it could become a widely used life-saving tool to increase the supply of universal blood.

【1】How do scientists deal with the problem of lacking type O blood?

A.Hope more people to donate type O blood.

B.Make the most of the present type O blood.

C.Develop new ways of using type O blood.

D.Make type O blood out of other kinds of blood.

【2】What make people have different kinds of blood?

A.Sugar molecules in red blood cells.

B.People's different living conditions.

C.Peoples various immune systems.

D.The variety of peoples cells and genes.

【3】What can we infer from the text?

A.Type O blood can be safely given to anyone

B.Antigens could easily be removed to create universal blood.

C.A Danish company wanted to involve itself in studying blood.

D.The new method is not safe enough to be put into use in hospitals now.

【4】What is the best title for the text?

A.Four different kinds of blood

B.A new way to make type O blood

C.The latest research on blood type

D.Find the proper type of blood

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】A

【3】D

【4】B

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。介绍了目前科学家正在测试的一种新的O型血的制造方法，这一方法可以解决医院和血库中O型血的匮乏问题。

【1】细节理解题。第一段中的What the researchers are testing is an easier way to make type O blood out of other kinds of blood. 研究人员正在测试的是一种更容易的方法，从其他类型的血液来制造O型血液。可知，科学家通过使用其它类型的血液来制造O型血，以解决O型的短缺。选项D用其它类型的血液来制造O型血。切题，故选D。

【2】细节理解题。第三段中的The differences among blood types are linked to whether or not red blood cells contain certain kinds of sugar molecules(分子). 血型之间的差异与红血球细胞是否含有某些类型的糖分子有关。可知，血液之所以有不同的类型是因为某些红血球细胞中的糖分子。题目问：什么决定了人具有不同的血型？选项A红血球细胞中的糖分子。切题，故选A。

【3】推理判断题。最后一段的The next step, he says, is to complete safety tests. The team is working with the American company ZymeQuest to test the new method. If it meets safety requirements and is not too costly ,it could become a widely used life-saving tool to increase the supply of universal blood.他说，下一步是完成安全测试。该团队正与美国公司ZymeQuest合作，测试新方法。如果符合安全要求，而且价格不贵，它可能会增加全球血液的供应，被广泛应用来救助生命。可知，新的方法还没有完成安全测试，由于安全性还不确定，还没有投入使用。选项D新的方法还没有安全到现在就能投入到医院里使用。切题，故选D。

【4】主旨大意题。文章一开始的What the researchers are testing is an easier way to make type O blood out of other kinds of blood.（研究人员正在测试的是一种更容易的方法，从其他类型的血液来制造O型血液。）就告诉了文章要介绍的是一种新的制造O型血的方法，这就是文章的中心大意，文章标题要体现其大意，选项B一种制造O型血的新方法。切题，故选B。