15.The surprising experiment I am about to describe proves that air is all around you and that it presses down upon you.Air pressure is a powerful force.When you swim underwater,you can feel water pushing on your body.The air all around you does the same.However,your body is so used to it that you do not notice this.The pressure is caused by a layer of air called the atmosphere.This layer surrounds the Earth,extending to about five kilometers above the Earth's surface.
The following experiment is an easy one that you can do at home.But make sure that you are supervised,because you will need to use matches.Now for the experiment!
What you need
●A hard-boiled egg without the shell
●A bottle with a neck slightly smaller than the egg
●A piece of paper
●A match
Method
Check that the egg will sit firmly on the neck of the bottle.
Tear the paper into strips and put the strips into the bottle.
Light the paper by dropping a burning match into the bottle.
Quickly sit the egg on the neck of the bottle.
Result
Astonishingly,the egg will be sucked into the bottle.Your friends will be amazed when you show them the experiment.But be careful when you handle matches.
Why it happened
As the paper burns,it needs oxygen and uses up the oxygen(air) in the bottle.The egg acts as a seal in the neck of the bottle,so no more air can get inside.This reduces the air pressure inside the bottle.The air pressure must equalize,so more air from outside must enter the bottle.The outside air presses against the egg and then the egg is pushed into the bottle!This proves that air is all around and that it is pressing down on us.
28.The experiment is carried out to proveB.
A.water pushes on your body when you swim underwater
B.the pressure of air around us has a powerful force
C.the earth is surrounded by a layer of air called the atmosphere
D.the air pressure is not equalized around us
29.Why is there the need to take care when you are doing the experiment?D
A.The bottle could break.
B.The egg has to be perfectly placed on the neck of the bottle.
C.The egg needs to be shelled.
D.You need to light the paper with a match.
30.In the experiment,the burning inside the bottle canA.
A.finish up the oxygen inside the bottle
B.make a seal in the neck of the bottle
C.equalize the air pressure inside and outside
D.Produce more oxygen inside the bottle
31.How did the egg get into the bottle?C
A.The oxygen inside the bottle sucked the egg in.
B.It became soft without the shell.
C.The outside air pressure forced it into the bottle.
D.The neck of the bottle was wide enough.
分析 本文属于广告类阅读,作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了一个实验,这个实验向我们证明我们周围有空气,而且空气的压强很大.
解答 28.B 推理判断题.根据最后一段The outside air presses against the egg and then the egg is pushed into the bottle可知空气的压力很大,故选B.
29.D 细节理解题.从Result下面的But be careful when you handle matches可知做实验是我么需要用火柴点燃纸,因此需要小心,故选D.
30.A 细节理解题,从Why it happened下面的As the paper burns,it needs oxygen and uses up the oxygen (air)in the bottle可以判断瓶子内部的氧气被消耗殆尽.故选A.
31.C 细节理解题.从Why it happened下面的The outside air presses against the egg and then the egg is pushed into the bottle!可知鸡蛋是被外界的压强压入瓶子中的,故选C.
点评 考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力.做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确选择.在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.