Question

12．Canadian scientists have found a method to help aging people get less forgetful by improving their cognitive（认知）abilities through well-designed training．Everyone experiences some degree of memory loss and cognitive decline as they get older．The decline usually becomes noticeable after 50，when people may find it slightly more difficult to focus on tasks，organize everyday jobs and remember how to do things in the right order．
A team of psychologists in Toronto created a strategy of cognitive training to help people preserve these abilities．"Our primary emphasis was on improving the use of general strategic abilities because they are particularly weak to the aging process，"Dr．Donald Stuss，director of the study，said in a press release．The team examined 49 healthy older adults with normal cognitive decline．All of the participants were between the ages of 71 and 87．Over the course of 12 weeks，psychologists taught them methods to improve their strategic abilities．Afterwards，researchers saw a 15 to 40 percent improvement in the memories of all participants．"Over a period of six months their improvement not only maintained，but increased，"said Dr．Gordon Winocur，coordinator of the study．The 12-week course was broken up into three four-week sections，focusing on a different skill involved in strategic abilities：memory，goal management and psychosocial function．
The memory training emphasized how to preserve and recover information，while goal management focused on methods to lower the chance of memory slips．Psychosocial training was aimed at increasing the participants'confidence in their mental abilities．
"We wanted to develop a cognitive training program that would produce improvement over a relatively short period of time，so participants could benefit more on that while they're still functional and slow down the rate of decline，"said Winocur．"If we can work with people in the early stages of cognitive decline，then we can slow down the rate of this decline and help them maintain a higher level of function for a longer period of time．"

71．What can be a suitable title for the passage？D
    A．A new way to develop a good memory．
    B．Cognitive abilities are essential to memory．
    C．Say no to the memory decline．
    D．Canadian scientists help aging people preserve memory．
72．According to the psychologists，what causes the bad memory when a man becomes old？B
    A．Forgetfulness．                      B．General strategic abilities．
    C．Goal management．                    D．Psychosocial function．
73．The underlined word"maintained"means"D"．
    A．weakened       B．changed        C．improved       D．kept
74．How many strategic abilities do the psychologists mainly focus on？B．
    A．Two．          B．Three．        C．Four．         D．Five．
75．From what Winocur said in the last paragraph，we can learn thatA．
    A．Winocur aims to help aging people suffer less from memory loss and cognitive decline
    B．the training can prevent one's memory from declining
    C．the cognitive training program has been proved successful
    D．the earlier they begin the training，the better the result will be．

Answer 1

分析 本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了加拿大科学家已经研究了方法帮助老年人保存记忆．

解答 71．D．推理判断题．根据第一段Canadian scientists have found a method to help aging people get less forgetful by improving their cognitive（认知）abilities through well-designed training可知这篇文章的题目是加拿大科学家帮助老年人保存记忆；故选D．
72．B．细节理解题．根据文章第二段"Our primary emphasis was on improving the use of general strategic abilities because they are particularly weak to the aging process"可知根据心理学家的说法，是总体战略的能力导致一个人变老时记忆力不好；故选B．
73．D．词义猜测题．根据第二段Over a period of six months their improvement not only maintained，but increased可知为期六个月的训练不仅需要保持，更好不断加强；故选D．
74．B．细节理解题．根据第二段The 12-week course was broken up into three four-week sections，focusing on a different skill involved in strategic abilities：memory，goal management and psychosocial function可知心理学家主要关注的战略能力3种；故选B．
75．A．推理判断题．根据最后一段If we can work with people in the early stages of cognitive decline，then we can slow down the rate of this decline and help them maintain a higher level of function for a longer period of time可知Winocur旨在帮助老年人减少患记忆丧失和认知能力下降的几率；故选A．

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．