When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones-the kind of modern, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines.But the US has more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be incredibly to tear them all down and them with greener versions.
An enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses.And it would take an average of 65 years for the carbon emissions (排放) from a(an) __ _ energy-efficient (节能) home to make up for the lost by destroying an old one.
So in the broadest sense, the greenest home is the one that has already been built.But at the same time, half of US carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and powering our , offices and other buildings."You can't deal with climate without dealing with existing buildings," says Richard Moe, the president of the National Trust.
With some exceptions, the oldest homes tend to be the energy-efficient.Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that over time and let in more outside .
,there are a vast number of relatively simple changes that can green older homes, from ones like Lincoln's Cottage to your own postwar home.And efficiency upgrades (升级) can save more than just the earth; they can help property owners from rising power .
1.A. terrible B.wasteful C.wonderful D.useful
2.A.put B.build C.replace D.take
3.A.reduced B.increased C.used D.destroyed
4.A.old B.fashionable C.new D.beautiful
5.A.magazines B.trees C.materials D.resources
6.A.nearly B.hardly C.rarely D.mostly
7.A.libraries B.schools C.homes D.stores
8.A.improvement B.appearance C.stability D.change
9.A.most B.really C.very D.least
10.A.expand B.narrow C.strengthen D.weaken
11.A.dust B.air C.smoke D.water
12.A.Oppositely B.Unfortunately C.Fortunately D.Frankly
13.A.historic B.worthless C.ordinary D.meaningless
14.A.charge B.protect C.punish D.warn
15.A.prices B.costs C.businesses D.bargains
1.B
2.C
3.A
4.C
5.D
6.A
7.C
8.D
9.D
10.A
11.B
12.C
13.A
14.B
15.B
【解析】
试题分析:
本文试图说明,全部拆除老旧房屋代之以新的节能型房屋是不划算的,因为新型房屋所减少的排放需要几十年才能补偿拆除旧房屋所损失的资源。对于老旧房屋做一些简单的改变,既能拯救地球,也可让房主免受资源成本攀升之累。
1.下文提到:那些老旧房屋建造时投入了大量的能源和资源,新型绿色房屋减少的排放量平均需要65年才能补偿拆除老旧房屋损失的资源。所以全部拆除老旧房屋是一种“浪费”。故B项正确。
2.拆除老旧房屋,“代之以”相对绿色的房屋。replace A with B: 用B替代A. 故C项正确。
3.新型节能型房屋应该能够“减少”碳排放。故答案为A。
4.“新型”节能型房屋,与“老旧”房屋相对。故C项正确。
5.文章第二段提到:建造那些老旧房屋投入了大量的energy和resources。而绿色房屋所减少的排放量平均需要65年才能抵充拆除老旧房屋损失的“资源”,包括建筑材料(materials)等有形资源,也包括投入的劳动等无形资源。故答案为D。
6.“几乎”一半的碳排放来自家居等处的取暖、制冷以及用电。mostly: in most cases. 多数情况下。用以修饰动词。nearly: 接近、差不多。程度副词,修饰形容词或副词。故A项正确。
7.第二段提到“新型节能型home”;常理也告诉我们,居家是人们待的时间最长的处所。学校、图书馆、商店等以”other buildings”概括。故C项最佳。
8.不处理现有建筑带来的问题就不能处理气候“变化”问题。故D项正确。improvement: 改善、改良。appearance: 外貌、样貌;出现。stability: 稳定性。不合题意。“改善气候”是需要我们去完成的任务,不是一个需要处理的“问题”。“气候稳定”更不是“问题”。
9.下文提到,39年之前建造的房屋比2000年后建造的房屋每平方英尺要多耗费50%能源。这是由于老旧房屋缝隙扩大,需要更多能源来保暖或制冷。所以,年代越是久远的房屋,能源使用效率越低。 最老旧的房子当然是能源利用效率最低的。故D项正确。least efficient: 效率最低。
10.老旧房屋时间久远,故而缝隙“扩大”。expand: 扩大、扩张。A项正确。
11.缝隙扩大,密封程度差,外面的“空气”就会进来。故答案为B.
12.拆除浪费;不拆也浪费。“幸运的是”,有许多相对简单的改造方法可以使老旧房屋绿化。A. 相反。B. 不幸的是。C. 幸运的是。D. 坦率讲。故C项正确。
13.Lincoln’s cottage (林肯的小屋)提示此处选择historic(有历史意义的)。故答案为A。
14.对于老旧房屋能源利用效率的提升,可以使房主免受成本不断攀升之累。protect sb. from sth. 使某人免受……之苦。charge: 收取(费用);punish: 惩罚;warn: 警告。均不合题意。B项正确。
15.对于老旧房屋能源利用效率的提升,可以使房主免受“成本”不断攀升之累。cost指必须付出的代价;price指价格。“价格”上升,并不必然意为着“成本”上升,这要根据“收入与支出比”来确定。故B项正确。
考点:说明文
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