2．How often one hears children wishing they were grown up，and old people wishing they were young again．Each age has its pleasures and its pains，and the happiest person is the one who enjoys what each age gives him without wasting his time in useless regrets．
Childhood is a time when there are few responsibilities to make life difficult．If a child has good parents，he is fed，looked after and loved，whatever he may do．It is impossible that he will ever again in his life be given so much without having to do anything in return．In addition，life is always presenting new things to the child-things that have lost their interest for older people because they are too well-known．But a child has his parents，he is not so free to do what he wishes to do；he is continually being told not to do things or being punished for what he has done wrong．
When the young man starts to earn his own living，he can no longer expect others to pay for his food，his clothes，and his room，but has to work if he wants to live comfortably．If he spends most of his time playing about in the way that he used to as a child，he will go hungry．And if he breaks the laws of society as he used to break the laws of his parents，he may go to prison．If，however，he works hard，keeps out of trouble and has good health，he can have the great happiness of building up for himself his own position in society．
51．According to the second paragraph，the writer thinks that B．
A．only children are interested in life
B．life for a child is comparatively easy
C．a child is always loved whatever he does
D．if much is given to a child，he must do something in return
52．After a child grows up，he D．
A．will have little time playing
B．has to be successful in finding a job
C．can still ask for help in time of trouble
D．should be able to take care of himself
53．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage A？
A．People are often satisfied with their life．
B．Life is less interesting for old people．
C．Adults are freer to do what they want to do．
D．Adults should no longer rely on others．
54．The main idea of the passage is D．
A．life is not enjoyable since each age has some pains
B．young men can have the greatest happiness if they work hard
C．childhood is the more enjoyable time in one's life
D．one is the happiest if he can make good use of each age in his life
55．The paragraph following this passage will most probably discuss C．
A．examples of successful young men
B．how to build up one's position in society
C．pleasures and pains of old people
D．what to do when one has problems in life．
分析 本文主要讨论的就是年轻人和老人都有自己的快乐和痛苦，如果一个人能充分利用好自己每一个年龄的时间，他就是快乐的．
解答 51．答案 B 根据第二段第一句Childhood is a time when there are few responsibilities to make lifedifficult可知童年的时候是很少有责任的还有后面几句的大概意思是如果孩子有很好的父母，他就会受到很好的照顾，故答案为B
52．答案 D 根据第二段的内容及If，however，he works hard，keeps out of trouble and has goodhealth，he can havethe great happiness of building up for himself his own position in society．这句可知，可知如果他把大部分时间都花在玩上，他就会挨饿，因此他需要照顾好自己，故答案为D
53．答案 A 推理判断题．文章讲到世界对小孩子来说是新鲜有趣的，对老人来说是熟悉的，未含有人们容易满足的这一意思，故选A．
54．D 主旨大意题．根据文章主题段第一段Each age has its pleasures and its pains，and the happiest person is the onewho enjoys what each age gives him without wasting his time in useless regrets．说明他认为如果一个人能充分利用好自己每一个年龄的时间，他就是快乐的．故D正确．
55．答案 C 推理判断题 本文主要讨论的就是年轻人和老人都有自己的快乐和痛苦，第二段讲的孩子童年是无忧无虑，第三段讲的成年人的责任，接下来应该就是讲老年人的生活快乐和苦痛，故答案为C
点评 推理判断题包括判断和推理题．这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理．
推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义．其所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理．所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写（paraphrase）或综合．
