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    As late as 1800, women's only place was in the home. The idea of women in the business world was unthinkable. Men were certain that no woman could do a good job outside her home. This was such a widely accepted idea that when the well-known Bronte sisters began writing books in 1864, they had to sign their books with men's names instead.
    Teaching was the first profession(职业)open to women soon after 1800. But even that was not an easy profession for women to enter because most schools and colleges were open only to men. Oberlin College in Ohio was the first college in America to accept women.
    Hospital nursing became respectable work for women only after Nightingale became famous. Seeing that she was not only a nurse but also a rich and well-educated woman, people began to believe it was possible for women to nurse the sick and still be “ladies”. Miss Nightingale opened England's first training school for nurses in 1860.
    The invention of the typewriter(打字机)in 1867 helped to bring women out of the home and into the business world. By 1900. thousands of women were working at real jobs in schools, hospitals, and offices in both England and America. Some women even managed to become doctors or lawyers. The idea that women could work in the business world had been accepted.
    63. Why couldn't women become teachers easily? Because_______.
    A. the first profession open to them was writing
    B. most schools and colleges were open only to men
    C. they wanted to be nurses instead  D. they had to work in the business world
    64. The article is mainly about_______.
    A. women in the business world  B. the famous Bronte sisters
    C. schools and colleges in America  D. rights for American women
    65. Which fact does the article lead you to believe?
    A. The Bronte sisters thought that they were men.
    B. England's first training school for nurses was in Ohio.
    C. There are more men than women in professional job.
    D. Women find it necessary to work harder than before.
    66. Which of the following is TRUE.
    A. The typewriter was made in the 1970's. 
    B. Most Englanders are doctors or lawyers.
    C. People's ideas about women's work have changed.
    D. The 18th century saw a changing world for women.

    小题1:B
    小题2:A
    小题3:C
    小题4:C
            
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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Between 10,000 and 15,000 years ago, some humans discontinued their wandering hunting and gathering and settled down to farm. Grain was the first domesticated crop that started that farming process.
    The oldest proven records of brewing are about 6,000 years old and refer to the Sumerians. Sumeria lay between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers including Southern Mesopotamia. It is said that the Sumerians discovered the fermentation (发酵) process by chance. No one knows today exactly how this occurred, but it could be that a piece of bread or grain became wet and a short time later, it began to ferment.
    The Sumerians were able to repeat this process and are assumed to be the first civilized culture to brew beer. They had discovered a “divine drink” which certainly was a gift from the gods. The word beer comes from the Latin word bibere, meaning “to drink”, and the Spanish word cerveza originates from the Greek goddess of agriculture, Ceres.
    A vitamin-rich porridge, used daily, beer is reported to have increased health and longevity and reduced disease and malnutrition (营养不良). The self-medicating properties of alcohol-rich beer also eased the tensions and stresses of daily living in a hostile world. The use of yeast (酵母) was not yet known at that time. The success of the fermentation process was left to chance, as the brewers unknowingly relied on yeast particles in the air.
    Considerable scientific research took place in breweries (酿酒厂) in the 19th century. A famous work from 1876 by Louis Pasteur was Studies Concerning Beer where he revealed his knowledge of micro-organisms. By establishing that yeast is a living microorganism, Pasteur opened the gates for accurately controlling the conversion (转换) of sugar to alcohol.
    Another discovery in beer brewing was the work of Christian Hansen, a Danish scientist, who successfully isolated a single yeast cell and induced it to reproduce on an artificial culture medium. With the resulting yeast multiplication (繁殖) methods, the purity of the fermenting process has been improved.
    小题1:According to the passage, who was the first to brew beer?
    A．The Greeks.B．Christian Hansen.
    C．Louis Pasteur.D．The Sumerians.
    小题2:The last two paragraphs mainly talk about 　　   　 .
    A．the function of micro-organisms
    B．the success of the fermentation process
    C．two scientific discoveries about brewing
    D．the results of yeast multiplication methods
    小题3:According to the text, which of the following is NOT true?
    A．Grain was the first crop used to brew beer.
    B．There are some yeast particles in the air.
    C．The word “beer” originates from Latin.
    D．Modern beer contains more alcoholic.
    小题4:Which would be the best title for the text?
    A．The beer culture.B．The history of beer.
    C．The earliest brewery.D．Methods of brewing beer.

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解


    When Scotsman Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876, it was a revolution in communication．Over the last two decades a new means of spoken communication has emerged: the mobile phone．
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    The first real mobile telephone call was made in 1973 by Dr Martin Cooper．As soon as his invention was completed,, he tested it by calling another scientist to announce his success．Within a decade, mobile phones became available to the public．They have changed the way we do a lot of things．One powerful feature is the Short Message Service （SMS） or text message．It’s the perfect communication method for the busy modern lifestyle．Going to be late? Send a text message! The text message has changed the way we write in English．The language construction became less strict．Traditional rules of grammar and spelling are much less important when you’re sitting on the bus, hurriedly typing "Will B 15mm late-C U @ the bar．（I will be 15 minutes late to see you at the
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    Over the last few years mobiles have become more and more advanced．We have seen the instruction of cameras, global positioning system and Internet access．
    Alexander Graham Bell would be surprised if he could see how far the science of telephone has progressed in less than 150 years．If he were around today, he might say: "That’s gr8（great）! But I’m busy rite now（I am very busy right now）．Will call U2nite（I will call you tonight．）．"
    小题1:The writing style of the passage is a （an）___．
    A．narrativeB．descriptionC．essayD．review
    小题2:The article is intended to__     _．
    A．warn people of the possible risks in using mobile phones
    B．inform readers of the history and benefits of mobile phones
    C．convince people of the uses of mobile phones
    D．predict the applications of mobile phones
    小题3:What do you think of the writer according to the last paragraph．
    A．Humorous.B．Ironic.C．Kind.D．Worried.

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    The Erie Canal was the first important national waterway built in the US. It crossed New York from Buffalo on Lake Erie Troy to Albany on the Hudson River. It joined the Great Lakes with the Atlantic Ocean. The canal served as a route over which industrial goods could flow into the west, and materials could pour into the east. The Erie Canal helped New York develop into the nation’s largest city.
    The building of the canal was paid for entirely by the state of New York. It cost $ 7 143 789, but it soon gained its price many times over. Between 1825, when the canal was opened, and 1882, when toll charges(过运河费) were stopped, the state collected $121 461 891.
    For a hundred years before the Erie was built, people had been talking about a canal which could join the Great Lakes and the Atlantic Ocean. The man who planned the Erie Canal and carried the plan through was De Witt Clinton. Those who were against the canal laughingly called it “Clinton’s Ditch(沟)”. Clinton talked and wrote about the canal and drew up plans for it. He and Governor Morris went to Washington in 1812 to ask for help for the canal, but they were unsuccessful.
    Clinton became governor of New York in 1817, and shortly afterwards, on July 4, 1817, broke ground for the canal in Rome, N.Y. The first part of the canal was completed in 1820. As the canal grew, towns along its course developed fast. The length of the canal is 363 miles.
    小题1:We can see that the Erie Canal ________.
    A．joined the Great Lakes together
    B．crossed New York from north to south
    C．played an important part in developing New York City
    D．was the first waterway built in the US
    小题2:It can be inferred that ________ into the Atlantic Ocean.
    A．the Great Lakes flowB．the Hudson River flows
    C．Lake Erie flowsD．the Erie Canal flows
    小题3:Which of the following is true according to the passage?
    A．The Erie Canal brought profits of over $114, 000, 000.
    B．It’s 363 miles from the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean.
    C．The West was more advanced than the East when the canal was built.
    D．Many other states helped New York built the canal.
    小题4:Which of the following is true according to the passage?
    A．Clinton broke ground for the canal at both ends.
    B．Clinton started building the canal before he became governor.
    C．All parts of the canal were completed at the same time.
    D．Construction of the canal took eight years.

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    “The Lord of the Rings”, one of the best sellers in the new millennium(千年), was made up of three parts—“The Fellow Ship of the Ring”, “Two Towers”, and “The Return of the King”. Millions upon millions of people have read it in over 25 different languages, but fewer know about the author and the history of the composition of the creative masterwork.
    John Ronald Refuel Tolkien was born in South Africa in 1892. His parents died when he was a child. Living in England with his aunt, Tolkien and his cousins made up play languages, a hobby that led to Tolkien’s becoming skilled in Welsh, Greek, Gothic, Old Norse and Anglo—Saxon.
    After graduating from Oxford, Tolkien served in World War I. In 1917, while recovering from trench fever he began composing the mythology for The Rings. As a professor of Anglo-Saxon in the 1930s at Oxford, Tolkien was part of an informal discussion group called the Inklings, which included several writers. The group was soon 1istening to chapters of Tolkien’s imaginative work “The Hobbit”.
    Hobbit was a name Tolkien created for people that could best be described as half-sized members of the English rural(乡村的)class. Hobbits live in hillside holes. One of them，Bilbo Baggins, looks for treasures with a group of dwarves(侏儒). On the way, he meets the twisted, pitiful creature Gollum, from whom he sees a golden ring that makes the holder invisible.
    One of Tolkien’s students persuaded her employer, publisher Allen & Unwind, to look at a draft (草稿). The chairman of the firm, Stanley Unwind, thought that the best judge for a Children’s book would be his ten-year-old son. The boy earned a shilling for reporting back that the adventure was exciting, and “The Hobbit” was published in 1937.
    It sold so well that Unwind asked for a continuation. Over a dozen years later, in 1954, Tolkien produced “The Lord of the Rings”, a series of books so creative that they hold readers both new and old -- after their publication.
    小题1:What can we learn from the text?
    A．“The Lord of the Rings” didn't sell well in the last millennium.
    B．People know better about Tolkien himself than about his works.
    C．Tolkien was quite familiar with Old English.
    D．Tolkien knew very well about different kinds of local languages in Africa.
    小题2:What can we learn about "Hobbit" that Tolkien created in his works?
    A．Hobbit was a race living in English downtown areas.
    B．Hobbit was a local people who were very tall and strong.
    C．Hobbit was a social group of people who lived in old castles.
    D．Hobbit was a group of people who were mostly dwarves.
    小题3: Which of the following helped most in making “The Hobbit” published?
    A．One of Tolkien's students. B．Stanley Unwind's son.
    C．Allen & Unwind. D．Bilbo Baggins.
    小题4:What is mainly discussed in the text?
    A．“The Lord of the Rings” and its writer.
    B．A completely new masterwork in the new millennium.
    C．A famous professor at Oxford University.
    D．The power of the magic ring.
    小题5: Which of the following shows the right order of Mr. Tolkien's life experience?
    a. He had his “The Hobbit” published.
    b. He became a member of the Inklings.
    c. He served in World War I.
    d. He became an undergraduate at Oxford.
    e. His work “The Lord of the Rings” came to the world.
    f. He moved to England to live with his aunt.
    A．f-d-b-c-a-e B．f-d-c-b-a-e
    C．f-c-d-b-e-a D．d-f-c-a-b-e

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Empty Deserts
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    The western desert can be very dangerous. There is little water and there are few trees. But the desert also has scenery of great beauty. Tall towers of red and yellow stone rise sharply from the flat sandy valley floor. The scene has been photographed many times and appears in movies and in TV.
    In Arizona, man made dams across the Colorado River have made two large lakes in the middle of the dry desert country. At Lake Powell, the red stone arch of Rainbow Bridge rises high above the blue lake.
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    In Death Valley, California, the summer temperature rises to 130 degrees. There is less than two inches of rain each year. Death Valley is the lowest place in America---- 925 meters below sea level. In the 1800s, many travelers died when they tried to cross this waterless valley in the terrible heat.
    Although the desert is dry and seems empty, there is plenty of life if you look closely. Small insects, snakes and rats have learned how to live in the desert heat. They live under ground and come out at night, when it is cool. Plants such as cacti need very little water.  When it does rain in the desert (sometimes only once or twice a year), plants grow quickly, and flowers open in a single day. For a short time, the desert is covered with brilliant colors.
    小题1:In the 19th century, Americans moved from the east to the west because they ______.
    A．enjoy the tripB．wanted to make their home there
    C．wanted to find new grassland thereD．had no water to drink
    小题2:From the passage, we can conclude that ______.
    A．the western desert is a good place for people to live in
    B．there is little water but there are many trees in the desert
    C．the desert is dangerous but it is full of life
    D．till now, people know little about the desert
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    A．on footB．by boatC．by carD．by plane
    小题4:In the 1800s many travelers died in Death Valley because of ______.
    A．illnessB．high temperature
    C．cold weatherD．poisonous water
    小题5:In the desert, animals will die ______.
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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Coffee has a history dating back to at least the 9th century and has been a catalyst for social interaction across cultures and eras. Originally discovered in Ethiopia, coffee beans were brought into the Middle East by Arab traders, spreading to Egypt, Yemen, Persia, Turkey, and North Africa by the 15th century. Muslim merchants eventually brought the beans to the thriving port city of Venice, where they sold them to wealthy Italian buyers. Soon, the Dutch began importing and growing coffee in places like Java and Ceylon (largely through slave labor), and the British East India Trading Company was popularizing the beverage in England. Coffee spread across Europe and even reached America.
    Where there has been coffee, there has been the coffeehouse. From the 15th century Middle Eastern establishments where men gathered to listen to music, play chess, and hear recitations from works of literature, to Paris' Cafe le Procope where luminaries of the French Enlightenment such as Voltaire, Rousseau, and Diderot came to enjoy a hot cup of joe, coffeehouses have traditionally served as centers of social interaction, places where people can come to relax, chat, and exchange ideas.
    The modern coffee shop is modeled on the espresso and pastry-centered Italian coffeehouses that arose with the establishment of Italian-American immigrant communities in major US cities such as New York City's Little Italy and Greenwich Village, Boston's North End, and San Francisco's North Beach. New York coffee shops were often frequented by the Beats in the 1950's. It wasn't long before Seattle and other parts of the Pacific Northwest were developing coffee shops as part of a thriving counterculture scene. The Seattle-based Starbucks took this model and brought it into mainstream culture.
    Although coffeehouses today continue to serve their traditional purpose as lively social hubs in many communities, they have noticeably adapted to the times. Rediscovering their purpose as centers of information exchange and communication, many coffee shops now provide their customers with internet access and newspapers. It has become extremely common to see someone sitting at a Starbucks listening to music or surfing the web on his or her laptop. Coffee stores today also maintain a fairly identifiable, yet unique aesthetic: wooden furniture and plush couches, paintings and murals drawn on walls, and soft-lighting combine to give coffee shops the cozy feeling of a home away from home.
    Today, big business retail coffee shops are expanding quickly all over the world. Starbucks alone has stores in over 40 countries and plans to add more. Despite its popularity, Starbucks has been criticized and labeled by many as a blood-sucking corporate machine, driving smaller coffee shops out of business through unfair practices. This has even spawned an anti-corporate coffee counterculture, with those subscribing to this culture boycotting big business coffee chains. Increasingly popular coffee stores such as The Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf are also giving Starbucks some stiff competition. In any case, it seems pretty clear that coffee has weaved itself into the fabric of our consumer-oriented culture.
    小题1: Which of the following is the correct order of coffee spreading in history?
    ①Egypt         ②America   ③the Middle East   ④Netherlands   ⑤Venice
    A．①③④②⑤B．③①⑤④②C．①⑤④③②D．③②⑤④①
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    A．Starbucks has beaten all the competitors
    B．there are no changes in the development of coffee culture
    C．the taste of coffee has changed a lot
    D．Starbucks has some effect on the development of coffee culture
    小题3:The famous coffeehouse “Starbucks” originally come from _______.
    A．SeattleB．EthiopiaC．JavaD．France
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    A．play chess with other customers
    B．enjoy delicious dishes from South America
    C．surf the internet
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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    The Chinese invented paper in 105 A. D. They mixed the bark of a tree and rags (破布) with water, put a screen into the mixture, and lifted out a thin piece of wet paper. They dried the paper in the sun.
    The Chinese kept their secret of how to make paper until a war with Muslims in the ninth century. The art of papermaking soon spread throughout the Muslim world.
    The Mayan Indians in Central America and Pacific Islanders also discovered how to make paper, but their knowledge never spread to the rest of the world.
    For centuries, all paper was made by hand. Rags were the main material. Then a French scientist discovered that people could make paper from wood, too. Finally, in the eighteenth century. a Frenchman invented a machine to make paper from wood.
    小题1:Who discovered how to make paper?
    A．The Chinese.B．The Pacific Islanders.
    C．The Mayan Indians.D．All of the above.
    小题2: When did the Chinese invent paper according to the passage?
    A．About 1 ,800 years ago.B．About 1, 900 years ago.
    C．About 2, 000 years ago.D．About 2, 100 years ago.
    小题3: How was papermaking introduced into the rest of the world from China?
    A．Through wars.B．Through the Muslims.
    C．Through the Mayan Indians.D．Through the Pacific Islanders.
    小题4:Which of the following is the best title for this passage?
    A．The Invention of Paper.B．The History of Papermaking.
    C．Different Ways of Making Paper.D．The Invention of a Papermaking Machine.

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Before human’s history, in the middle of an ocean, miles from the nearest island, an undersea volcano broke out. The hot liquid rock piled higher and higher and spread wider and wider. In this way, an island rose up in the sea.
    As time went on, hot sun and cool rains made the rock split and break into pieces. Sea waves dashed against the rock. In this way, soil and sand came into being.
    Nothing lived on the naked soil. And then the wind and birds brought plant seeds, spiders and other little creatures there. Only plants could grow at first. Only they, in sunlight, could produce food from the minerals of the soil, water and air. While many animals landed on the island, they could find no food. A spider wove its web in vain, because there were no insects for its web to catch. Insects couldn’t stay until there were plants for them to eat. So plants had to be the pioneer life on this new island.
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    A. tirelessly    B. uselessly    C. fearlessly    D. effortlessly
    According to the passage, ________ made the island rise up in the sea.
    A. rock from the nearest island     B. sand brought by the wind
    C. hot liquid rock from the volcano      D. sea waves dashing against the rock
    What is the correct order of things appearing on the island?
    A. Spiders, birds and plants.  B. Soil, plants and animals
    C. Soil, hot liquid rock and animals.    D. Hot liquid rock, animals and plants.
    The passage is mainly about ________.
    A. how an island formed       B. how a volcano broke out
    C. how plants were brought to the island      D. how plants and animals began to live on the island

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