阅读下面材料，在题后空白处填入适当的内容(每空一词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ireland，Japan，China scientists share the 2015 Nobel Prize for medicine．William Campbell，Satoshi Omura and Tu Youyou jointly won the prize 1. their work against diseases，the award-giving body said on Monday．
Campbell 2. Ireland and Japanese Omura won half of the prize for a new drug，3. has helped the battle against river blindness，as well as showing 4. (power)effect against other diseases．
The Chinese scientist Tu Youyou also discovered artemisinin(青蒿素)，a drug that has 5. (sharp)reduced the death rates for patien6. (suffer)from malaria(疟疾)．She is also the first Chinese citizen 7. (win)the Nobel Prize for medicine．The prize winning is 8. honor for China’s science cause and traditional Chinese medicine．
“These two9. (discover)provide humankind with a new way to fight these diseases that affect hundreds of millions of people annually．The award for Tu Youyou is the result of a major change in the way China performs scientific research. China 10. (spend)a lot of money on such research over the past years，”a member of the Nobel committee said．
科目：高中英语 来源：2016年黑龙江省哈尔滨市高三上学期期末考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，有两项为多余选项。
●Does failure really exist?
If you believe you have failed, then you have． If you believe you don’t have the ability to succeed, then you don’t．__1.__ The moment you decide to give up or stop working toward your goals, failure is born．
● __2.__
Most people give themselves an out without even realizing it．They are willing to work hard on reaching their goals, but only until the going gets too rough or their energy dies down． Don’t do that!__3.__Never quit, never admit failure, and never lose heart.
●Don’t believe in a clear finish line for goals．
It’s a good idea to set a general timeline, but remember that something will be beyond your control．__4.___If you lock yourself into a given timeline, you might make yourself feel like a failure! Instead, get a general idea of when you’d like your goal to be completed． Then take it one day at a time and focus on making progress instead of reaching the finish line in as little time as possible．
●Be sure that you don’t see difficulties as failures．
Difficulties mean only one thing: it’s not time for your goal to be completed yet．That’s it! It doesn’t mean you failed; it doesn’t mean you’re weak; it doesn’t mean you’ll never achieve your goals．__5._ You’ve got to keep moving forward and find a way over, around, or through the difficulties．
A． Never give up on yourself．
B． Failure only exists in your own mind!
C． That’s exactly how failure makes us feel．
D． It simply means you have not done enough yet．
E． You can never say exactly when your goal will be reached．
F． Instead, make up your mind to make your goal happen, no matter what!
G． Work hard towards your goal, and you will be likely to get good results.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016届四川省高三12月月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：单项填空
He stood at the window, thinking where he his camera last.
A. saw B. has seen C. had seen D. would see
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科目：高中英语 来源：2014-2015学年内蒙古鄂伦春自治旗大杨树二中高一上学期期末英语卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
For thousands of years，we have looked for ways to measure time. Early humans found that the regular movements of the sun，the earth，the moon，and the stars made good ways to measure time. The rising and setting of the sun were used to distinguish day from night.
But，eventually，people needed to tell time more accurately，or exactly. So，by using the sun’s position in the sky，they divided the day into dawn，morning，midday and evening.
Then it was noted that the sun cast a changing shadow as it moved across the sky. Time could be told more accurately by setting up a stick and marking the positions of the sun’s shadow. It was the ancient Greeks who divided each position of this “sundial(日晷)” into hours.
But the sun doesn’t always shine. So，for the past 6,000 years，many other ways of keeping time have been tried. Slow?burning candles were divided into hours，and the hourglass was invented. When all the sand in the top of an hourglass has shifted to the bottom，an hour has passed.
Later，the pendulum(摆钟)，with its regular back?and?forth movement of weights，was used to move the hands on a clock. Pendulums are still used in grandfather clocks.
Today，even more accurate clocks are in use，such as battery?operated quartz clocks（石英钟），digital clocks，and clocks run by electrical tuning forks and tiny atoms. These atomic clocks are the most accurate clocks ever invented. The exact time can be kept to within 1 second a century.
1.Humans in the old days used ________ to tell day from night.
A．the rising and setting of the sun
B．battery?operated quartz clocks
C．atomic clocks
D．digital clocks
2.A sundial works by ________.
A．tracking the movement of the stars around the sun
B．marking a shadow cast by the moving sun
C．burning candles in the sunlight
D．watching the stars
3.Which of the following was NOT used in the past to measure time?
A．An hourglass. B．A sundial.
C．Digital clocks. D．A pendulum.
4.Which of the following ways of measuring time is ordered from the least accurate to the most accurate?
A．Sundial，pendulum，sun.
B．Atomic clock，quartz clock，sundial.
C．Sun，pendulum，atomic clock.
D．Digital clock，hourglass，slow?burning candles.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年北京东城高一上学期期末考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：单项填空
When Lily worked as a nurse in the hospital, she experienced a joy in helping people ________ trouble.
A. on B. in C. at D. of
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016届山东德州高三上学期期中考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：书面表达
书面表达
随着中国经济的发展，出国旅游成为一种潮流，但游客中也出现了许多有损国人形象的不和谐现象。假如你是李华，一名导游。为了提升你所带旅游团成员的素质，请给团员写一封信，向他们简要描述一些不和谐现象，并在言行、守法、尊重风俗、安全等方面提出几点文明出游的建议。
要求：① 100词左右；
② 可适当增加内容，使行文连贯流畅。
Dear Sir or Madam,
A growing number of people prefer to spend their holidays abroad. _____________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年陕西城固第一中学高二上学期期末英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Doctors are known to be terrible pilots. They don't listen because they already know it all. I was lucky: became a pilot in 1970, almost ten years before I graduated from medical school. I didn't realize then, but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon. I loved flying. As I flew bigger, faster planes, and in worse weather, I learned about crew resource management (机组资源管理), or CRM, a new idea to make flying safer. It means that crew members should listen and speak up for a good result, regardless of positions.
I first read about CRM in 1980. Not long after that, an attending doctor and I were flying in bad weather. The controller had us turn too late to get our landing ready. The attending doctor was flying; I was safety pilot .He was so busy because of the bad turn, he had forgotten to put the landing gear (起落架) down. He was a better pilot - and my boss - so it felt unusual to speak up. But I had to: Our lives were in danger. I put aside my uneasiness and said, "We need to put the landing gear down now!" That was my first real lesson in the power of CRM, and I've used it in the operating room ever since.
CRM requires that the pilot/surgeon encourage others to speak up. It further requires that when opinions are from the opposite, the doctor doesn't overreact, which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again. So when I'm in the operating room, I ask for ideas and help from others. Sometimes they're not willing to speak up. But I hope that if I continue to encourage them , someday someone will keep me from “landing gear up”.
1.What does the author say about doctors in general?
A. They like flying by themselves.
B. They are unwilling to take advice.
C. They pretend to be good pilots.
D. They are quick learners of CRM.
2.The author deepened his understanding of the power of CRM when_______.
A. he saved the plane by speaking up
B. he was in charge of a flying task
C. his boss landed the plane too late
D. his boss operated on a patient
3.In the last paragraph”landing gear up” probably means ______.
A.following flying requirements.
B.overreacting to different opinions.
C.listening to what fellow doctors say
D.making a mistake that may cost lives
4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A.CRM:A New Way to Make Flying Safe
B.Flying Makes Me a Better Doctor
C.The Making of a Good Pilot
D.A Pilot-Turned Doctor
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年广东广州五校高二上学期期末联考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：短文改错
短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏子符号（∧）并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
TuYouyou, together with two other scientists, were awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine, according to China Daily. Everyone in China deserves to take pride in, for one of the long-held goals we have been dreaming of has been become a reality.
TuYouyou, born on December 30, 1930, is the famous Chinese medical scientist. She has devoted her whole life to study Chinese traditional medicine. His discovery of artemisinin（青蒿素）as well as its benefit in treating malaria(疟疾) is regarded as a breakthrough in tropical medicines. It has great improved health for those in developed countries such as those in South Asia and Africa. Because of her outstanding work, in 2011 TuYouyou received the Lasker Award, what is called “America’s Nobels.”
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年浙江台州书生中高一上学期第一次月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Many people turn to doctors or self-help books, but they forget a great thing that could help them fight illness: their friends.
Researchers are only now starting to pay attention to the importance of friendship in health. A 10-year Australian study found that older people with a large circle of friends were 22 percent less likely to die during the study period than those with fewer friends. A large 2007 study showed an increase of nearly 60 percent in the danger for obesity among people whose friends gained weight. And last year, Harvard researchers reported that strong social ties(关系) could improve brain health as we age.
"In general, the role of friendship in our lives isn’t well realized, " said Rebecca, a professor at the University of North Carolina. "Friendship has a bigger effect on our psychological (心理的) health than family relationships. "
While many friendship studies are about the close relationships of women, some research shows that it can do good to men too. In a six-year study of 736 middle-aged men, having friendships reduces the risk of heart disease. Only smoking was as important a danger factor (因素) as having little social support.
The exact reason why friendship has such a big effect isn’t clear. While friends can send a sick person to the hospital or pick up medicine, the advantages go well beyond physical help. Friendship clearly has a big psychological effect."People with stronger friendships feel like there is someone they can turn to, " said Karen, a doctor. "The message of these studies is that friends make your life better. "
1.The three studies in paragraph 2 show that _____.
A. old people need friends the most
B. friends can help us lose weight
C. social ties have something to do with health
D. having more friends makes us healthier
2.What do Rebecca’s words in paragraph3 mean?
A. Friendship is more important to women than to men.
B. What people need most is a friend’s care.
C. Friendship is more important than family relationship
D. The value of friendship hasn’t been fully understood.
3.The author mentioned smoking in the text to discuss ________.
A. the cause of heart attack
B. the danger of having no friends
C. smoking is bad for men
D. Friends’ influence on habits
4. Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word "obesity "?
A. fatness B. unhappiness
C. excitement D. Health
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