Question

【题目】根据短文理解，选择正确答案。
Most people say “yes” much more readily than “no”.
A friend is moving house this weekend and would like some help, and you agree. But, what you really wanted was a couple of quiet days relaxing at home. Or a roommate spends the entire weekends playing video games and wants to borrow your homework for “reference”. But, you've just finished it after taking a whole day to work hard.
Many people say “yes” to those kinds of requests. They tend not to consider their own interests and feelings, and are often angry with themselves afterwards.
Saying “no” requires courage and considerable practice, in fact, according to psychologists.
“Everyone wants to be liked,” says Gabriel Steinki, a German psychologist. “Saying ‘no' risk losing the affection of the person asking the favor or even a job.”
The result is that many people say “yes” just for keeping the peace. But experts say this is regrettable. Anyone should have the right to say “no”.
In fact, rejecting a request can even help to strengthen a relationship because it expresses a true feeling.
But, for people used to agreeing to every request, changing can be a long and uncomfortable learning process.
Most people believe that “If I say ‘no', I'll lose the affection of the person. But the affection is important to me.” This way of thinking can be replaced by this “If he only likes me because I always do what suits him, then the price of his affection is too high in the long term.”
Steinki says the key is talking to the other person to find a mutual(相互的) solution. “One needs to present the situation from one's own point of view, and to suggest how the situation can be dealt with to the advantage of both parties. The other person must have the feeling that his interests are being considered.”
When the refusal is not accepted, Steinki advises giving the reasons calmly again until the person gets the message.
（1）Most people say “yes” much more readily than “no” because ____________.
A.they don't care about their own interests and feelings
B.they don't know they will regret afterwards
C.they have already been used to saying “yes”
D.they care more about others' affection
（2）According to the writer, what should you do if you want to refuse the other person's request?
A.Just say you can't help him.
B.Say sorry to him.
C.Refuse him clearly.
D.Talk to the other person to find a mutual way.
（3）According to the writer, what should you do if your refusal is not accepted?
A.Say yes to him.
B.Repeat your reason for his acceptance.
C.Just go away.
D.Say no to him.
（4）What is the best title of the passage?
A.You Need Courage to Say “No”
B.“Yes” More than “No”
C.Nobody Has the Right to Say “No”
D.It's Easy to Say “Yes”

Answer 1

【答案】
（1）D
（2）D
（3）B
（4）A
【解析】本文讨论如何委婉的拒绝别人。

⑴细节理解。根据第九段，人们相信：如果“我”拒绝了，“我”会失去这种友爱，而这种友爱对“我”来说又比较重要。因此，他们之所以不拒绝别人的要求是太在乎别人的喜爱。A项，人们不考虑自己的兴趣和感受都要去答应别人，而不是拒绝别人；B项和事实相反；C项，人们习惯了答应别人的要求，这不是直接的原因。所以答案是D.

⑵细节理解。根据第十段Steinki的说法，关键就是对他人解释（你不能帮助他的原因），并找到相互可以接受的方案。A、C两项，直接拒绝别人的要求，不是本文作者所主张的；B项，向别人道歉过于片面。所以答案是D.

⑶细节理解。根据最后一段，如果你的拒绝不被别人接受，那就再次说出你的理由，直到被别人接受为止。A、C项与文中事实相悖，别人不同意你的拒绝，你就答应下来，这不能体现“你有拒绝别人的权利”这一点；D项，如果你的拒绝不被接受，你就拒绝他，这会影响你和朋友之间的友爱，而本文主张的是通过自己委婉的方式来体现自己“有拒绝别人”的权利。所以答案是B.

⑷主旨大意。本文讨论的是:你有拒绝别人要求的权利及用怎样的方式去拒绝别人的要求，关键是要有勇气去体现自己的权利。B项，答应别人的要求比拒绝别人的要求的情况多，这是存在的一种现象，而不是文章讨论的主题；C项，人们有拒绝别人要求的权利，但用怎样的方法去体现这种权利，才是本文的话题；D项，很难拒绝别人的要求，本文没有提及方方面面的难处。所以答案是A.