Question

(2013·高考新课标全国卷Ⅰ，B)The baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital.She is quiet but alert (警觉)．Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it.She stares at it carefully.A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another，this time with the spots differently spaced.As the cards change from one to the other，her gaze(凝视) starts to lose its focus—until a third，with three black spots，is presented.Her gaze returns：she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card.Can she tell that the number two is different from three，just 24 hours after coming into the world?

Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment，but with three spots shown before two，shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes.Perhaps it is just the newness? When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects (a comb，a key，an orange and so on)，changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves.Could it be the pattern that two things make，as opposed to three? No again.Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three，or three to two.The effect even crosses between senses.Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two；likewise (同样地) when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.

1.The experiment described in Paragraph 1 is related to the baby’s________.

A．sense of hearing B．sense of sight

C．sense of touch D．sense of smell

2.Babies are sensitive to the change in________.

A．the size of cards B．the colour of pictures

C．the shape of patterns D．the number of objects

3.Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?

A．To reduce the difficulty of the experiment.

B．To see how babies recognize sounds.

C．To carry their experiment further.

D．To keep the babies’ interest.

4.Where does this text probably come from?

A．Science fiction.

B．Children’s literature.

C．An advertisement.

D．A science report.

 

Answer 1

1.B

2.D

3.C

4.D

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究人员通过一些卡片上黑点的数量来检验婴儿对于数量变化的敏感程度，发现当数量相对多的时候，比较容易引起婴儿的注意，使他们变得更加兴奋。

1.

2.2】解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第一段中的As the cards change from one to the other，her gaze(凝视)starts to lose its focus—until a third，with three black spots，is presented.Her gaze returns...可知，随着卡片上黑点数量的变化，婴儿的注视也发生变化，表明了婴儿对于数量的变化比较敏感。A项size指卡片的大小；B项指图画的颜色；C项指结构的形状，这些与原文的信息不一致。

3.3】解析：选C。细节理解题。第二段中研究人员先是通过卡片上的黑点来测验婴儿对于数量的变化的敏感程度；根据第二段中的The effect even crosses between senses...three drumbeats than when they heard just two；likewise(同样地)when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.可知，研究人员又做了击鼓的实验，这样做的目的是更加深入地研究婴儿对于数量变化的敏感程度，故选C。A项“减少实验的难度”；B项“看看婴儿怎样辨别声音”；D项“保持婴儿的兴趣”，在文中均找不到支持信息。

4.4】解析：选D。文章出处题。本文提到了experiment和researchers等，可知是一些研究人员做了一个实验，来检验婴儿们对于数量的变化是不是敏感，所以本文属于一个科学研究报告，因此选D。A项表示“科幻小说”；B项表示“儿童文学”；C项表示“一则广告”，均与本文的内容不符。