Question

15．阅读下面短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文．
High school students are overweight，out of shape and not interested in sports．And according to high school officials across the country，the situation is not getting better，based on a recent study claiming that high school student fitness has declined steadily for the last twenty-five years．This has put many high schools in a dilemma：they want students to become more fit，but they also fear that strenuous（剧烈的） exercise may harm their unfit students．
As a result，a number of high schools have cancelled long-distance running as part of their sports meetings，saying the races were cancelled because of lack of interest，but in the back of their minds，they must have also been thinking of the forty students in China between 2002and 2010who died suddenly after running long-distance races．
Long-distance running is not for the casual jogger．It is a sport that requires strength and endurance and a great deal of training．Most high school students have trouble running 1000meters without huffing and puffing （气喘吁吁）．Five thousand meters，for them，is just a race too far．But by cancelling the race，high schools are sending mixed signals about fitness to their students：get fit，but don't sweat．
Some people show their understanding towards the cancellation of long distance running but more people criticize these schools，saying they try to run away from the problem instead of solving it．
[写作内容]
1）以约30个词概括短文的要点；
2）然后以约120个词写一篇议论文，谈谈你对中学生体质下降及各中学运动会纷纷取消中长跑的看法，并包括如下的要点：
a）你读完文章的感受；
b）你认为中学运动会应该取消中长跑吗，为什么？可结合自身或他人经历展开；
c）你的建议．
[写作要求]
可以使用实例或其它论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；
[评分标准]
概括准确、语言规范、内容合适，篇章连贯．

Answer 1

分析 本文是读写任务型写作，这类作文可按照三段式模板写：第一段：概况所给短文要点．第二段：过渡词引出主题句---阐述理由．第三段：个人观点．特别要注意第一段的概括．用自己的语言概括，不能照搬照抄原文． 时态用一般现在时．人称用第一和第三人称． 重要短语：cancel sth （努力做某事），worry about（推迟），as far as I am concerned（就我所关注的而言），keep fit （保持健康），as long as （只要），take sb for example （举某人为例），used to（过去曾经），strengthen sth （加强某事），offer sb time to do（提供某人时间做某事），in addition（除…之外还），be encouraged to do（被鼓励做某事），in short（总之），given appropriate instructions（给予适当的指导），avoid sth（避免某事），refuse to do（拒绝做某事），for fear of（唯恐）．
【高分句型一】
1．So many schools cancelled long distance running，worrying about the harmful effects of strenuous（剧烈的） exercise．
此处是现在分词短语短语"worrying about the harmful effects of strenuous exercise"作伴随状语，主句为"many schools cancelled long distance running"，主句的主语为"many schools"与动词"worry about"构成逻辑上的主动关系．
【高分句型二】
2．I think it unwise for high schools to cancel long distance running at their sports meets，which won't help prevent the decline of students'fitness but worsen it．
此处是由关系代词"which"构成的非限制性定语从句，关系代词"which"在主句中作主语，指代前面整个主句的内容．
【高分句型三】
3．①To improve students'fitness，I strongly②recommend high schools assign less homework to offer students more time to do exercise．
①此处是不定式作目的状语．
 ②此处是"recommend+宾语从句"，从句中要用"should+动词原形"
【高分句型四】
1．In addition，not only are students encouraged to take various sports but also given appropriate instructions to avoid sports injuries．
此处是由部分倒装句型，结构为"not only+一般疑问句形式，but also+句子"，即"not only"引导的句子需倒装，而"but also"引导的句子不需倒装．

解答 In the past 25 years，the fitness of high school students has been declining．So many schools cancelled long distance running，worrying about the harmful effects of strenuous（剧烈的） exercise．【高分句型一】（概括）
After reading the story，I was totally shocked．I think it unwise for high schools to cancel long distance running at their sports meets，which won't help prevent the decline of students'fitness but worsen it．【高分句型二】（感受）
As far as I am concerned，there is no fitness without sweat．Students can't get fit sitting in front of a computer or chatting in the dining hall．They have to get up and move．They're going to have to use their muscles，hearts and lungs to make their body stronger．Any sport will help them do this，including long distance race．Actually，long distance running is a quite good sport for keeping fit as long as it is done regularly and scientifically．Take my friend，John for example．He used to be over-weight but running regularly burns his fat，builds his muscles and strengthens his heart and lung．Besides，he stays more focused and learns more effectively．（不应该取消长跑及其原因）
To improve students'fitness，I strongly recommend high schools assign less homework to offer students more time to do exercise．【高分句型三】In addition，not only are students encouraged to take various sports but also given appropriate instructions to avoid sports injuries．【高分句型四】In short，playing enough sports is the only way to improve students'health and we should never refuse to do so for fear of running a risk．（个人观点：建议）

点评 读写任务型写作是将阅读与写作有机结合，要求考生既能读懂文章信息，又要依据要求规范连贯地表达内容，其中准确概括很有挑战且十分重要，根据记叙文、议论文、说明文等不同文体作相应概括，总的来说，遵循以下步骤：确定主题句；寻找关键词；重构主题句；重组支持句．写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型．