8．Teamwork is just as important in science as it is on the playing field or in the gym．Scientific investigations （调查） are almost always carried out by teams of people working together．Ideas are shared，experiences are designed，data are analyzed，and results are evaluated and shared with other investigators．Group work is necessary，and is usually more productive than working alone．
Several times throughout the year you may be asked to work with one or more of your classmates．Whatever the task your group is assigned，a few rules need to be followed to ensure a productive and successful experience．
What comes first is to keep an open mind，becasue everyone's ideas deserve consideration and each group member can make his or her own contribution．Secondly，it makes a job easier to divide the group task among all group members．Choose a role on the team that is best suited to your particular strengths．Thirdly，always work together，take turns，and encourage each other by listening，clarifying，and trusting one another．Mutual support and trust often make a great difference．
Activities like investigations are most effective when done by small groups．Here are some more suggestions for effective team performance during these activities：Make sure each group member understands and agrees to the task given to him or her，and everyone knows exactly when，why and what to do； take turns doing various tasks during similar and repeated activities； be aware of here other group members are and what they are doing so as to ensure safety； be responsible for your own learning，though it is by no means unwise to compare your observations with those of other group members．
When there is research to be done，divide the topic into several areas，and this can explore the issue in a very detailed way．You are encouraged to keep records of the sources used each person，which helps you trac back to the origin of the problems that may happen unexpectedly．A format for exchanging information （e．g．photocopies of notes，oral discussion，etc．） is also important，for a well-chosen method not only strengthens what you present but also makes yourself easily understood．When the time comes to make a decision and take a position on an issue，allow for the contributions of each member of the group．Most important of all，it is always wise to make decisions by compromise and agreement．
After you've completed a task with your team，make an evaluation of the team's effectiveness-the strengths and weaknesses，opportunities and challenges．
TitleWorking Together
| Title | Working Together |
| Theme | Effective performance needs highly cooperated （71）teamwork |
| General rules | l Keep an open mind to everyone's （72）ideas/opinions/views/thoughts．
l Divide the group task among group members．
l （73）Support/Encourage/Backand trust each other． |
| （74）Suggestions | l Understand and agree to the （75）given/assignedtask of one's own．
l Take turns doing various tasks．
l Show concern for others to ensure safety．
l Take （76）responsibilityfor one's own learning．
l Compare your own observations with those of others． |
Explore
an issue | l Break the （77）topic/subject/issueinto several areas．
l Keep records of the sources just in （78）case．
l （79）Exchange/Shareyour information with others via proper format．
l Make all decisions by compromise and agreement． |
（80）Evaluate
effectiveness | l Analyze the strengths and weaknesses．
l Find out the opportunities and challenges． |
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