(衡阳市八中2008届高三模拟试题D篇)
Until recently, the “science of the future” was supposed to be electronics and artificial intelligence. Today it seems more and more likely that the next great breakthroughs in technology will be brought through a combination of those two sciences with organic chemistry and genetic engineering. This combination is the science of biotechnology.
Organic chemistry enables us to produce marvelous synthetic materials. However, it is still difficult to manufacture anything that has the capacity of wool to conserve heat and also to absorb moisture. Nothing that we have been able to produce so far comes anywhere near the combination of strength, lightness and flexibility that we find in the bodies of ordinary insects.
Nevertheless, scientists in the laboratory have already succeeded in “growing” a material that has many of the characteristics of human skin. The next step may well be “biotech hearts and eyes” which can replace diseased organs in human beings. These will not be rejected by the body, as is the case with organs from humans.
The application of biotechnology to energy production seems even more promising. In 1996 the famous science fiction writer, Arthur C. Clarke, many of whose previous predictions have come true, said that we may soon be able to develop remarkably cheap and renewable sources of energy. Some of these power sources will be biological. Clarke and others have warned us repeatedly that sooner or later we will have to give up our dependence on non-renewable power sources. Coal, oil and gas are indeed convenient. However, using them also means creating dangerously high levels of pollution. It will be impossible to meet the growing demand for energy without increasing that pollution to catastrophic levels unless we develop power sources that are both cheaper and cleaner.
It is attempting to think that biotechnology or some other “science of the future” can solve our problems. Before we surrender to that temptation we should remember nuclear power. Only a few generations ago it seemed to promise limitless, cheap and safe energy. Today those promises lie buried in a concrete grave in a place called Chernobyl, in the Ukraine. Biotechnology is unlikely, however, to break its promises in quite the same or such a dangerous way.
68.According to the passage, the science of the future is likely to be .
A.biotechnology B.electronics C.genetic engineering D.nuclear technology
69.Organic chemistry helps to produce materials that are .
A.as good as wool B.as good as an insect’s body
C.better than natural materials D.not as good as natural materials
70.According to passage, it may soon be possible .
A.to make something as good as human skin
B.to make artificial hearts and eyes
C.to transplant human organs
D.to produce drugs without side effects
71.In 1996, Arthur C. Clarke predicted that______.
A.the Chernobyl disaster would happen in two years
B.biological power sources would be put into use soon
C.oil, gas and coal could be repeatedly used in the future
D.dependence on non-renewable power sources would be reduced soon
72.What do we learn from the last paragraph?
A.Biological power will keep all its promises
B.Biotechnology can solve all our future energy problems
C.Biological power is cheaper than nuclear power
D.Biological power may not be as dangerous as nuclear power
科学实验活动册系列答案科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
(衡阳市八中2008届高三模拟试题C篇)
Desert ants on their expeditions for food use clues to lead themselves in the homeward direction, but with few landmarks in the poor land, scientists have wondered how the insects always take the most direct route and know exactly how far to march.
The new study shows that counting their steps is an important part of the scheme.
Over the years, scientists have proposed several theories for how ants find their way home. One is that they do it like honeybees and remember visual clues, but experiments showed ants can travel in the dark. Another theory is that because ants run at a steady pace, they could time how long it took them to get to and fro. Other studies have shown that once ants find a good source of food, they teach other ants how to find it.
The ant “pedometer” technique was first proposed in 1904, but it remained untested until now. Scientists trained desert ants to walk along a straight path from their nest entrance to a feeder 30 feet away. If the nest or feeder was moved, the ants would break from their straight path after reaching the expected spot and search for their goal.
Try that on stilts. They glued stilt-like extentions to the legs of some ants to lengthen stride. The researchers shortened other ants’ stride length by cutting off the ants’ feet and lower legs, reducing their legs to stumps.
The ants on stilts took the right number of steps, but because of their increased stride length, marched past their goal. Stump-legged ants, meanwhile, fell short of the goal. After getting used to their new legs, the ants were able to adjust their pedometer.
64. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Ants’ marching depends on counting their steps
B. Desert ants know how to look for food
C. The secret for ants’ marching is known to all
D. Ants know how far their food is
65. Apart from counting their steps, how can ants find their way?
A. By smelling B. By communicating
C.By hearing D. By recognising wind
66.About the ant pedometer, we know that______.
A. the technique is a recent discovery
B. ants always walk along a straight path
C. ants often change their nest to keep the pedometer
D. the pedometer needs changing depending on new situations
67. According to the passage, the “stump-legged ants”_______.
A. have longer legs than ones on stilts B. have longer legs than the common ones
C. need more steps to reach their goal D. can arrive at their goal as usual
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
(衡阳市八中2008届高三模拟试题A篇)
Sacagawea, the only woman on the Lewis and Clark expedition into the American West, was the daughter of a Shoshone chief. Around the age of 12, Sacagawea was captured by Hidatsa Indians, an enemy of the Shoshones. She was then sold to a French-Canadian trapper named Toussaint Charbonneau and became one of his wives.
In November 1804, an expedition led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark arrived there. Often called the Corps of Discovery, the expedition planned to explore newly acquired western lands and find a route to the Pacific Ocean. Lewis and Clark hired Charbonneau to serve as interpreter on their expedition. Even though she was pregnant with her first child, Sacagawea was chosen to accompany them.
She was killed at finding eatable plants. When a boat she was riding on turned over, she was able to save some of its goods, including important documents and supplies. She also served as a symbol of peace---a group traveling with a woman and a child were treated with less suspicion than a group of men alone.
Sacagawea also made a miraculous discovery of her own during the trip west. When they met a group of Shoshone Indians, she soon realized that its leader was actually her brother Cameahwait. It was through her that the expedition was able to buy horses from the Shoshone to cross the Rocky Mountains.
After reaching the Pacific coast in November 1805, they remained there until March of the following year. Sacagawea, her husband, and her son remained with the expedition on the return trip east until they reached the Mandan villages. And for her contribution to the Crops of Discovery, she was even featured on a dollar coin issued in 2000 by the US Mint.
56.The text is mainly about_______.
A. the whole life of Sacagawea B. the difficulties the Corps of Discovery met
C. American history in exploration D. Sacagawea’s contribution to the Corps of Discovery
57.What’s one of the purposes of the Corps of Discovery?
A. To drive the Indians away B. To explore the Rocky Mountains
C. To find how to reach the Pacific D. To look for Sacagawea for help
58.During the expedition, what excited Sacagawea most was that she______.
A.bought horses for Lewis and Clark B. saved important documents and supplies
C.was considered as a symbol of peace D. reunited with her brother Cameahwait
59.What can be inferred from the text?
A.Sacagawea is still highly honored by Americans
B.Sacagawea’s husband was unfamiliar with the West
C.Sacagawea stayed on the Pacific coast for half a year
D.Sacagawea’s husband did little for the expedition
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
(衡阳市八中2008届高三模拟试题B篇)
Skipping classes, particularly big lectures where an absence is likely to go undetected, is a tradition among college undergraduates.
These days, however, some professors say they’re seeing more absenteeism, as students make the most of new technologies as learning aids.
Americ Azevedo taught an “ Introduction to Computers ” at the University of California, Berkeley, US last semester. By visiting the course’s website, the 200 enrolled students could download audio recordings or watch digital videos of the lectures, as well as read the instructor’s detailed lecture notes.
But there was one big problem: So many of the undergraduates relied on the technology that at times only 20 or so actually showed up for class.
Doug Suda, 19, a student in Azevedo’s class last semester, said he skipped about three-quarter of the lectures. It’s largely because he was busy with an off-campus job and was taking the course to fulfill a business major requirement.
At the end of the term, Suda prepared hurriedly for the final exam by watching videos of about 15 lectures over three days.
“ If I hadn’t that… I would probably fail the class,” said Suda, who instead received a B-plus.
Despite the concerns about absenteeism, schools are increasingly experimenting with ways to let students watch or listen to lectures on their computers or digital music players, like ipods. Last month, Harvard Medical School began “ Podcasting ”lectures. Students can download them into digital musical players, and study while they, say, go for a walk.
As many academics accept the electronic innovation, others are pushing back. To encourage attendance, they are applying low-tech tactics, like giving more surprising quizzes or cutting back their online offerings.
Lee Chanian, a UCLA economics professor, says “ too much technology leads to passive learning environment and encourage more absenteeism”. He now puts fewer lecture materials online, and provides extensive notes only for the most complicated topics.
60.The word “ absenteeism ” in the 2nd paragraph most probably means .
A. attending classes B. having classes
C. giving classes D. skipping classes
61.At times only 20 or so undergraduates showed up for Americ Azevedo’s class because .
A. so many undergraduates relied on digital learning aids
B. so many undergraduates have off-campus jobs.
C. his lectures were boring D. the exam was easy to pass
62.According to the passage, to encourage attendance, some academics are applying the following lower-tech tactics EXCEPT .
A. giving more surprise quizzes
B. putting fewer lecture materials online
C. providing extensive notes only for the most complicated topics
D. cutting off their online offerings
63.What could be the best title for this passage?
A. Lectures fight digital learning aids to up class numbers
B. Lectures apply digital learning aids to up class numbers
C. Lectures fight lower-tech tactics to up class numbers
D. Schools are encouraging more absenteeism
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