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You _________to the meeting yesterday. What was the reason for your absence?            
A.had comeB.cameC.would have comeD.should have come
D
试题分析:should have done 本应该做而实际未做。句意:你昨天本应该来参加会议的,你缺席的原因是什么?故选D
表达虚拟语气的情态动词
对过去的一种结果的假设或虚拟,用情态动词+have done这一结构,常用的有以下几个情态动词:
(1) should (not) / ought (not) to have done本(不)应该做某事,但却没有做或做了,含有责备或后悔之意。
(2) could have done本来能够做某事但未做。
(3) needn’t have done本没有必要做某事但却做了。要注意needn’t do则表达“没有必要去做某事”,时间上应该是现在或将来。
(4)would (not) have done本来(不)会发生某事,但却(发生了)或没有发生。常用于虚拟条件句或含蓄虚拟条件引导的虚拟语气,表示对过去所发生事情结果的假设。
(5) might have done表示“本来可能……”,但实际上没有发生的事。
点评:情态动词表推测注意以下解题步骤:
(1) 认真审题,结合所给出的语境,正确把握说话者的语气、情感、态度、观点等。
(2) 认真思考所给选项中情态动词的基本特征和用法,并结合语境推敲答案。
(3) 要注意把握时间概念。
情态动词无论是表达“推测和可能性”,还是表达“虚拟”这一概念,只要是对过去已经发生的事情进行描述,一律用“情态动词+have done”这一结构;对现在或将来的事情进行描述,用“情态动词+动词或系动词原形”。
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