Question

【题目】阅读理解Wilderness
“In wilderness(荒野) is the preservation of the world.” This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism. The frequency with which it is borrowed mirrors a heated debate on environmental protection: whether to place wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved.
As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out, there is a strong appeal in images of the wild, the untouched; more than anything else, they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly. The urge to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong, and the danger exploitation(开发) brings to such landscapes(景观) is real. Some of these wildernesses also perform functions that humans need—the rainforests, for example, store carbon in vast quantities. To Mr.Sauven, these ”ecosystem services” far outweigh the gains from exploitation.
Lee Lane, a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute, takes the opposing view. He acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services, such as water conservation. But that is not, he argues, a reason to avoid all human presence, or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation. There are ever more people on the Earth, and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives, rather than merely struggle for survival. While the ways of using resources have improved, there is still a growing need for raw materials, and some wildernesses contain them in abundance. If they can be tapped without reducing the services those wildernesses provide, the argument goes, there is no further reason not to do so. Being untouched is not, in itself, a characteristic worth valuing above all others.
I look forwards to seeing these views taken further, and to their being challenged by the other participants. One challenge that suggests itself to me is that both cases need to take on the question of spiritual value a little more directly. And there is a practical question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm.
This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings, but also the guidance of reason. What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of the world obviously deserves much more serious thinking.
（1）John Sauven holds that_____.
A.many people value nature too much
B.exploitation of wildernesses is harmful
C.wildernesses provide humans with necessities
D.the urge to develop the ecosystem services is strong
（2）What is the main idea of Para. 3?
A.The exploitation is necessary for the poor people.
B.Wildernesses cannot guarantee better use of raw materials.
C.Useful services of wildernesses are not the reason for no exploitation.
D.All the characteristics concerning the exploitation should be treated equally.
（3）What is the author's attitude towards this debate?
A.Objective.
B.Disapproving.
C.Sceptical.
D.Optimistic.
（4）Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?（CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point(次要点) C: Conclusion）
A.
B.
C.
D.

Answer 1

【答案】
（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】本文是一篇议论文，作者就荒野保护的问题客观中立地阐述了对立双方的观点，并没有任何的个人倾向性。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“ As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out, there is a strong appeal in images of the wild, the untouched; more than anything else, they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly. ”可知JS是反对开发荒野的，故选B。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“ Lee Lane, a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute, takes the opposing view. ”，可知 Lee Lane认为荒野应该被开发，故选C。
（3）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings, but also the guidance of reason. ”我们不仅需要情感的自由表达，还需要理性的指导，即可得出A选项“客观的”（objective）。
（4）考查文章结构。根据第三自然段首句说的是LL和上一自然段的JS持相反的观点，可以判断二三两个自然段必然是平行的两段，而第四五两个自然的叙述主体都是“我”，可以得出答案为D选项。