7.The behaviour of a building's users may be at least as important as its design when it comes to energy use,according to new research from the UK Energy Research Centre (UKERC).The UK promises to reduce its carbon emissions (排放)by 80percent by 2050,part of which will be achieved by all new homes being zero-carbon by 2016.But this report shows that sustainable building design on its own-though extremely important-is not enough to achieve such reductions:the behaviour of the people using the building has to change too.
The study suggests that the ways that people use and live in their homes have been largely ignored by existing efforts to improve energy efficiency (效率),which instead focus on architectural and technological developments.
‘Technology is going to assist but it is not going to do everything,'explains Katy Janda,a UKERC senior researcher,‘consumption patterns of building users can defeat the most careful design.'In other words,old habits die hard,even in the best-designed eco-home.
Another part of the problem is information.Households and bill-payers don't have the knowledge they need to change their energy-use habits.Without specific information,it's hard to estimate the costs and benefits of making different choices.Feedback (反馈) facilities,like smart meters and energy monitors,could help bridge this information gap by helping people see how changing their behaviour directly affects their energy use; some studies have shown that households can achieve up to 15percent energy savings using smart meters.
Social science research has added a further dimension (方面),suggesting that individuals'behaviour in the home can be personal and cannot be predicted 一 whether people throw open their windows rather than turn down the thermostat (恒温器),for example.
Janda argues that education is the key.She calls for a focused programme to teach people about buildings and their own behaviour in them.
66.As to energy use,the new research from UKERC stresses the importance ofB.
A.zero-carbon homes
B.the behaviour of building users
C.sustainable building design
D.the reduction of carbon emissions
67.The underlined word"which"in Paragraph 2refers to"D."
A.the ways
B.their homes
C.developments
D.existing efforts
68.What are Katy Janda's words mainly aboutA?
A.The importance of changing building users,habits.
B.The necessity of making a careful building design.
C.The variety of consumption patterns of building users.
D.The role of technology in improving energy efficiency.
69.The information gap in energy useA.
A.can be bridged by feedback facilities
B.affects the study on energy monitors
C.brings about problems for smart meters
D.will be caused by building users'old habits
70.What does the dimension added by social science research suggestC?
A.The social science research is to be furthered.
B.The education programme is under discussion.
C.The behaviour of building users is unpredictable.
D.The behaviour preference of building users is similar.
分析 本文是一篇说明文,主要讲述英国承诺,到2050年,英国的二氧化碳的排放减少80%.英国能源研究中心的研究发现,可持续发展建筑物的设计很重要,而改变其使用者的习惯也很重要.说明建筑物的使用者的行为至少和它的设计一样的重要,即人们家庭对于能源的消费量直接影响我们的生活环境的质量.
解答 66.B 细节理解题.根据文章第一段首句"The behaviour of a building's users may be at least as important as its design when it comes to energy use,according to new research from the UK Energy Research Centre (UKERC)."可知:根据英国能源研究中心的研究,建筑物使用者的行为也许至少和它的设计一样重要.故答案B正确.
67.D 词义判断题.此题考查which引导的非限定性定语从句,which指代的是先行词existing efforts现有的努力.故答案D正确.
68.A 推理判断题.根据文章第三段Katy Janda 的话"consumption patterns of building users can defeat the most careful design."以及后面的"In other words,old habits die hard,even in the best-designed eco-home."可知建筑物使用者改变习惯的重要性.故A正确.
69.A 细节理解题.根据文章第四段"Feedback (反馈) facilities,like smart meters and energy monitors,could help bridge this information gap by helping people see how changing their behaviour directly affects their energy use"可知反馈设备能够缩短信息差距.故A正确.
70.C 细节理解题.根据文章倒数第二段"Social science research has added a further dimension (方面),suggesting that individuals'behaviour in the home can be personal and cannot be predicted"可知建筑物使用者在家的行为是私人的并不可被预测的.故C正确.
点评 健康环保类文章常是介绍科学知识、生活常识和环境保护方面的短文.阅读此类短文要以现象或事物为中心进行思考,理解现象产生的原因、条件和客观规律等.同时要抓住事物的特征、用途和相互关系等.由于此类文章缺乏故事情节,很多同学对此类文章感到费解.文章都是就事论事,需要逻辑推理和想象的时候较少,因此此类阅读题也没有同学们想象中的那么难,只要多加训练,就能较好地答题.