Question

【题目】Deserts are found where there is little rainfall or where rain for a whole year falls in only a few weeks time. Then inches of rain may be enough for many plants to survive if the rain is spread throughout the year. If it falls within one or two months and the rest of the year is dry, those plants may die and a desert may form.

Sand begins as tiny pieces of rock that get smaller and smaller as wind and weather wear them down. Sand dunes (沙丘) are formed as winds move the sand across the desert. Bit by bit, the dunes grow over the years, always moving with the winds and changing the shape. Most of them are only a few feet tall, but they can grow to be several hundred feet high.

There is, however, much more to a desert than sand. In the deserts of the Southwestern United States, cliffs (悬崖) and deep valleys were formed from thick mud that once lay beneath a sea more than millions of years ago. Over the centuries, the water dried up. Wind, sand, rain, heat and cold all wore away at the remaining rocks. The faces of the desert mountains are always changing — very, very slowly — as these forces of nature continue to work on the rock.

Most deserts have a surprising variety of life. There are plants, animals and insects that have adapted to life in the desert. During the heat of the day, a visitor may see very few signs of living things, but as the air begins to cool in the evening, the desert comes to life. As the sun begins to rise again in the sky, the desert once again becomes quiet and lonely.

【1】Many plants may survive in deserts when ________.

A.the rain is spread out in a year

B.the rain falls only in a few weeks

C. there is little rain in a year

D. it is dry all the year round

【2】Sand dunes are formed when ________.

A. sand piles up gradually

B. there is plenty of rain in a year

C. the sea has dried up over the years

D. pieces of rock get smaller

【3】The underlined sentence in the third paragraph probably means that in a desert there is ________.

A. too much sand

B. more sand than before

C. nothing except sand

D. something else besides sand

【4】It can be learned from the text that in a desert ________.

A. there is no rainfall throughout the year

B. life exists in rough conditions

C. all sand dunes are a few feet high

D. rocks are worn away only by wind and heat

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】A

【3】D

【4】B

【解析】

试题分析：文章写出了沙子的形成，和沙漠的状态，和沙漠的变化等情况。

【1】A细节理解题，根据第一段第二句“…for many plants to survive if the rain is spread throughout the year”，throughout the year意思是“全年”或“一年中”。

【2】A细节理解题。根据第二段第二句和第三句“当风吹动沙子穿过沙漠、沙丘就形成了。而A项piles up gradually为“逐渐堆积起来” 之意。

【3】D推理判断题。划线句子意思是“可是，对于沙漠来说有的不仅仅是沙子”也就是说除了沙子还有其它的自然界的东西让沙漠发生变化，并且本段有所描述。

【4】B推理判断题，在最后一段中文章描 述到“大多数沙漠都生有让人惊叹的生命，在白天，观光者能够看到很少的生命体， 白天一片沉寂与荒凉，只有到晚上，沙漠才有了生机”，依此判断选B。