【题目】 For most students, writing more clearly persuasively presents a great challenge. 【1】Few of them, though, focus on filling their essays with necessary information and details, let alone organizing the information.
In order to make an essay convincing, students should know how to select the necessary information and details. 【2】 Information that can help students clarify and better convey their ideas is certainly important. To figure out what this is, you should make sure you understand the theme of the essay. 【3】
Suppose you were asked to write an essay describing a memorable event in your life. You should start off by thinking about the events you’ve experienced, and why a particular event is especially memorable to you. 【4】 While writing the essay, you should constantly remind yourself that since the event must be a memorable one, you should pay attention to describing the details that make it so special.
【5】 Indeed, before you include any information in your essay, you should think about how to link reasons, examples and details together before you start writing. Only then will you be able to produce a strong and coherent (连贯的) essay.
A.But how do you know what to include?
B.Good writing is sure to leave a deep impression on the readers.
C.Through this process, you can choose a meaningful experience.
D.You can begin with a question, such as why I’m writing this essay.
E.Many can write grammatically correct sentences and choose proper words.
F.However, even if you think of good reasons and examples, you must try to organize your essay well.
G.Only after clearly understanding the topic can you choose proper reasons and examples to support your ideas.
【答案】
【1】E
【2】A
【3】G
【4】C
【5】F
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章简要阐述了一些学生如何写作的要领。
【1】空格位于段中。根据前一句中的most students和后一句中的Few of them可知，设空处与students有关；选项E中的Many可与上句中的most students呼应，指代其中很多学生，且其句意（很多人能写出语法正确的句子并选择适当的词汇）也与上下句之间逻辑一致。故选E。
【2】空格位于段中。空格前一句句意为“为了写一篇有说服力的文章，学生应该知道如何选择必要的信息和细节。”选项A（但是，你怎么知道包含些什么呢？）与上句逻辑一致，并且与下句“能帮助学生澄清并更好地传达他们的想法的信息肯定是很重要的”也能形成很好的问答关系。故选A。
【3】空格位于段尾。空格前一句句意为“为了搞清楚这是什么，你首先应该确定你理解了这个文章的主题。”选项G（你只有清楚地理解了主题后，你才能选择恰当的理由和例子来支持你的想法）与上句逻辑一致，上下句之间形成解释关系。并且选项G中的understanding the topic与上句中的understand the theme of the essay形成呼应关系。故选G。
【4】空格位于段中。空格前一句句意为“首先你应该开始想你经历过的事情，以及为什么一件特殊的事情让你回味无穷。”选项C（通过这个过程，你能够选择一件有意义的经历）与其逻辑关系一直，并且选项C中的choose a meaningful experience与上句中的thinking about the events you’ve experienced形成呼应关系。故选C。
【5】空格位于段首。段落首句的内容应与段落内容保持一致。根据空格后句意“的确，在你动笔之前，你要想想如何将理由、事件及细节连接在一起。只有这样，你才能写出连贯性强的文章。”由此可知，这一段主要讲述段落连贯性，即如何组织文章的。选项F（然而，即使你想到好的理由和例子，你也必须试着去好好组织你的文章）强调的也是organize your essay well(好好组织文章)与段落中内容一致。故选F。
七选五题目主要考查学生综合的英语逻辑思维能力。一篇好的短文，不仅在内容上要前后一致，而且还要语篇结构清晰，上下文逻辑意义严谨。内容的前后一致体现在段内及语篇内话题的自然过渡。语篇结构主要体现为：文章是总分结构，还是按时间或空间顺序发展的，还是辩证三段论的编排的。逻辑意义的严谨最主要的可以通过代词、连词和副词等形式来体现。例如本文通过看首段及后续段落的小标题可知：这篇文章总体上是总分的形式，第二段和第三段内容与filling their essays with necessary information and details呼应，第四段内容与organizing the information呼应。根据这个结构就可以确定第二题和第五题答案了。其它三题则依据上下句之间关键词的重复性与指代一致性解题。具体解题步骤参看详解。所以拿到一篇文章，同学们首先要根据篇章类型与空格位置推断使用什么方法解题，有助于加快解题速度。
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