Question

【题目】 It seems we're always being told to get more sleep. Studies suggest spending less time on sleep can lead to obesity(肥胖) and even cancer. You might even find yourself with a head full of false memories. But rarely does science explore the dark side of sleeping too much. That's because few of us in today's busy world have the luck of exploring that option.

In an August 2018 study, published in the Journal of the American Heart Association, researchers researched the sleep patterns of those“fortunate”few and found they may not be so lucky after all. In fact, they found people who get more than eight hours of sleep have greater health risk compared to those who sleep together less than seven hours. What's more, sleep-aholics-those who manage to get 10 hours a night-stand a 30 percent higher chance of dying compared to the seven-hour crowd.

The wide-ranging global study involved(涉及) more than three million people who self-reported on their sleep habits and came to an eye-opening conclusion: If you tend to sleep a lot, you may want to buy an alarm clock. As with all things in life, sleep is best taken in moderation（适度）.

You may be thinking: What if I only sleep in on Saturday and Sunday, am I still at risk? The answer is yes, according to a 2019 study published in Current Biology. Researchers discovered that even if a person sleeps more than seven hours on the weekends but still sleeps less than that on weeknights, they are at risk of gaining weight and developing sensitivity to insulin, which controls the level of sugar in blood.

For the study, 36 participants were divided into three groups that each had a different sleep schedule: nine hours every night, five hours every night, and five hours from Monday to Friday and sleeping much on weekends. People who get too much sleep tend to feel tired and lack energy. Also, both sleep-deprived（睡眠不足的) groups consume more food and gain weight.

【1】Why is the harmful effect of sleeping too much seldom studied?

A.Few people have time to sleep too much.B.Lack of sleep causes much more harm.

C.It turns out to be a healthy sleep pattern.D.People's health has nothing to do with it.

【2】What does the underlined words "those 'fortunate' few" in paragraph 2 refer to?

A.Those leading a relaxing life.B.Those getting too much sleep.

C.Those with less time to sleep.D.Those with no sleep problems.

【3】What can be learned from the 2019 study?

A.Sleeping much is particularly beneficial to hungry people.

B.Many people sleep more on weekends than on weekdays.

C.An alarm clock of high quality is important for good sleep.

D.People who sleep much only on weekends also have health risk.

【4】What is the main idea of the text?

A.It is necessary to save enough time for sleep.

B.Too much sleep can result in gaining weight.

C.Sleeping too much does harm to people's health.

D.People can avoid sleeping much by eating healthily.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】B

【3】D

【4】C

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。我们似乎总是被告知要多睡觉，但是睡眠过多对身体也是有害的。

【1】细节理解题。根据第一段的第4句和第5句：But rarely does science explore the dark side of sleeping too much. That's because few of us in today's busy world have the luck of exploring that option.可知，在如今忙碌的社会很少有人会有时间睡太多，所以睡眠过多对人体的危害很少被研究。故选A项。

【2】词义猜测题。在句中的that/those一般指代前文提及内容，根据本句所在位置，可定位至第一段“That's because few of us in today's busy world have the luck of exploring that option.（这是因为在当今这个繁忙的世界上，很少有人有机会探索这种选择。”及第二段提及的“…they may not be so lucky after all. In fact，they found people who get more than eight hours of sleep have greater health risk（他们可能根本就没有那么幸运。事实上，他们发现睡眠超过8小时的人有更大的健康风险）”可推断，划线部分指代“睡眠时间太长的人”。故选B项。

【3】细节理解题。根据第四段Researchers discovered that even if a person sleeps more than seven hours on the weekends but still sleeps less than that on weeknights, they are at risk of gaining weight and developing sensitivity to insulin, which controls the level of sugar in blood.（研究人员发现，即使一个人在周末的睡眠时间超过7个小时，但仍然比工作日晚上的睡眠时间少，他们也有体重增加和对控制血糖水平的胰岛素敏感的风险。）可知，只有周末睡得多的人也会面临健康风险。故选D项。

【4】主旨大意题。文章结构为总分结构，第一段总起提出话题：But rarely does science explore the dark side of sleeping too much.可知文章主要介绍了睡眠过多会对身体造成一定程度的伤害。故选C项。

主题句在短文中间：关注一些表征强转折关系的连词：如:“but, yet, however, in fact, indeed,”等，这些词后面连接的通常都是一段话的主题句。比如文章第4小题，考查文章主旨大意：

4. What is the main idea of the text?

A. It is necessary to save enough time for sleep.

B. Too much sleep can result in gaining weight.

C. Sleeping too much does harm to people's health.

D. People can avoid sleeping much by eating healthily.

在做此道题目时，文章已经阅读完毕，可以理解出文章结构为总分结构，即第一段为主题段落，在第一段末尾部分由but句存在：But rarely does science explore the dark side of sleeping too much 即为文章主题句。故该题的答案为C项。