Question

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　　Is jazz a kind of folk music? Is it a performing style? How is it different from other kinds of music? There is cur simple answer to the questions, because the most important quality of jazz comes from its unique combination of different musical sources over a period of almost 400 years.

　　The quality that unites the many different jazz forms is, in some degree, separate from its musical sources. The quality is the expression of freedom. The idea of freedom is central .

　　The ancestors of jazz were black people from West Africa who were bought to America as slaves, or forced laborers, from the early 1600s to the mid-1800s. Most of them remained slaves until President Lincoln set them free on January 1,1863, during the American Civil War.

　　With the loss of their personal freedom and the breaking up of their families, the slaves also lost the social traditions of their music from Africa. The complex rhythms of this music involved a number of people performing together. The breaking apart of the social groups forced slaves to create new songs, that is, to develop a completely new musical tradition .

　　Using some of the remembered African rhythms, the slaves gradually began to add some features of the European classical music that was played by the slave owners. The slaves were also influenced by American folk songs. But the result of adding these borrowed elements to the complex, African rhythms was the beginning of a completely new kind of music. Still, this music only existed privately among groups of slaves.

　　The slaves' work had another effect on their music. It introduced new kinds of musical rhythms. Some of these rhythms became work songs to accompany(伴随) their planting and picking of cotton. Other rhythms were developed by teams of workers who needed to lift heavy loads of cotton onto carts that passed through the fields. Later, during the building of the railroads, individual workers created new songs to match the sharp rhythms of steel as they put the rails into place.

1．The main musical sources used by the slaves to develop a new kind of music were ________.

[　　]

A．folk music, jazz music and modern music

B．classical music. American rhythms and African folk songs

C．African music, European classical music and American folk songs

D．slaves' songs, rhythms of lifting heavy loads and sounds of striking steel

2．In some degree, the quality that many different jazz forms share is ________.

[　　]

A．the liberation of the American slaves

B．the expression of freedom

C．the respect for President Lincoln

D．the independence of the United States

3．“It introduces new kinds of musical rhythms.”Here “it” refers to ________.

[　　]

A．the slaves' music

B．a new musical rhythm

C．the slaves' work

D．another effect

4．Which of the following statements is NOT true?

[　　]

A．The ancestors of jazz music were people from east Africa.

B．Jazz music has mixed different kinds of musical sources.

C．Some of the rhythms of jazz music later became work songs.

D．It took quite a long time to develop jazz music .

Answer 1

答案：C;B;C;A
解析：