分析 本文是李华写给Tom的一封信;在信中,李华主要介绍了自己的寒假生活情况,并表达了自己期待着能尽快收到Tom的回信以便了解他是如何度过寒假的.
解答 Dear Tom,
How are things going on with you?You cannot imagine how a
pleasant surprise it is to have heard from you!In your email you
asked about how I spent my winter vacation.Well,my winter
vacation lasted about half a month.During the first few days,
I went across my lessons and finished the assignments my teachers
has set me.But then came the Spring Festival,∧as you may already
know,is one of the most important traditional festivals for us Chinese.
During the festival,I had a great fun staying with my family,helping
them with the routine housework as well as visit friends and relatives.
Meanwhile,I,together with several of my classmates,carried out some
voluntary works in our local home for the elderly.The winter vacation
had fled by when I realized it.Now my new term has begun,and I am
buried in my lessons as usual.
I'd appreciate you if you could tell me how you spent your winter vacation.
And hope to hear from you pretty soon.
All the best!
Yours ever,
Li Hua.
详解:
1.how改为what 考查感叹句的引导词 how用作状语,修饰形容词或副词;what用作定语,修饰名词;此处用来修饰名词 surprise,故用What.
2.across改为over 考查固定短语 go across意为:穿过,横过; go over意为:复习;此处指的是复习功课;故用over.
3.has改为had 考查时态 此处表示发生在过去完成作业之前的动作,应使用过去完成时;故用had.
4.But改为And 考查句意关系以及连词 此处表示承接关系,而不是转折故关系,故用And.
5.Festival后加which 考查关系代词 本句是非限定性的定语从句,先行词Spring Festival指物,在该从句中作主语,故在Festival后加which.
6.去掉great之前的a 考查不可数名词 由于fun是不可数名词,故去掉great之前的a.
7.visit改为visiting 考查动名词 由于as well as"除…之外"后接名词或动名词,故用visiting.
8.works改为work 考查不可数名词 work在此处指的是"工作",是不可数名词,因此其后不能加s,故用work.
9.when改为before 考查句意理解及从属连词 本句的意思是:在我意识到这一点之前,寒假已经过去了/寒假已经过去了,我才意识到这一点;before意为"在…之前",还可以根据不同的语境灵活翻译成"才","还没来得及就…";故用before.
10.you改为it 考查固定句型结构 I'd appreciate it if…意为:如果…,我将非常感谢,是请求别人帮助的客套话;故用it.
点评 短文改错是集语法知识与语言技能为一体的综合性试题,主要考查学生对词汇、语法和语篇三要素的把握能力.错误类型一般有:缺词、多词和错词.常见的错误有:1 词法错误,主要包括动词、名词、冠词、形容词、副词、代词和介词等词类误用、同义词混淆使用、固定搭配等方面.解答此类试题时,需要正确分析句子成分,熟练掌握各词类的用法以及掌握一些固定搭配等.2 常见句法错误.通常表现为简单句、复合句以及疑问句、祈使句、感叹句和强调句等错误.解答此类试题时,需要掌握各类句子的句式结构及意义用法.3 应在理解文章大意的前提下,进行作答.
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