【题目】阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the ongoing fight against COVID-19, gritting one’s teeth and carrying on has characterized much about life in Wuhan these past months. “Wuhan people experienced it first-hand.” said Hui Yan, a Wuhan native 【1】 recovered from the coronavirus. “Our friends got sick. Our friends and relatives died. Right before our eyes, one 【2】 one, they left us. They have a deeper understanding of this disaster in 【3】 (compare) with people in other cities.” In February, Ms. Yan 【4】 (spend) 15 days fighting the virus in Huoshenshan, one of the city's newly built coronavirus hospitals.
During the past two months, with the lockdown lifted, growing numbers of families 【5】 (be) out to take in the sunshine and fresh air in parks along the Yangtze River. Older residents have started gathering again in small groups 【6】 (chat) or play chess. Children are a rare sight and always appear to be under the careful watch of parents. More shops have reopened, often 【7】 (set) up street-front counters so that customers can buy vegetables, alcohol, and other goods without entering. Companies in Wuhan have been 【8】 (caution) about calling their 【9】 (employ) back to work, contributing to the revival of the city life. Yet there still remains 【10】 tough test for the city to balance pandemic (疫情) control and economic growth.
【答案】
【1】who/that
【2】by
【3】comparison
【4】spent
【5】have been/are
【6】to chat
【7】setting
【8】cautious
【9】employees
【10】a
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述过去几个月里武汉人们在抗击新型冠状病毒时的咬牙坚持,以及在禁令解除后,人们生活的逐渐恢复。
【1】考查定语从句关系代词。分析句子结构可知,“___1___ recovered from the coronavirus.”是限定性定语从句,修饰名词“native”,先行词native表示的是人,在定语从句中作主语,需用关系代词who/that。故填who/that。
【2】考查介词。句意:他们离开了我们,就在我们眼前,一个接一个。分析句子可知,空格处缺失介词,由句意“一个接一个”可知,one by one表示一个接一个,需填介词by。故填by。
【3】考查名词。分析句子可知,介词in后需接名词,compare是动词,需转变为名词comparison, in comparison with 固定搭配,表示“和……比较起来”。故填comparison。
【4】考查动词时态。由“In February”可知,动词spend发生在过去时间,需使用一般过去时spent。故填spent。
【5】考查动词时态。句意:在过去的两个月里,随着禁令的解除,外出在长江沿岸的公园吸收阳光和新鲜空气的家庭数量在增长。由句意可知,“外出在长江沿岸的公园吸收阳光和新鲜空气的家庭数量在增长”表示的是一种目前状况的介绍,谓语动词be可以用一般现在时表示,主语“growing numbers of families”家人增长数表示的是复数,谓语动词需体现复数,故为are。此外,“During the past two months”表示的是过去一段时间一直到现在都是这样的状况,谓语动词be也可以用现在完成时表示,故为have been。故填have been或are。
【6】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,动词chat在句中作状语,是对谓语部分“have started gathering”已经开始聚集的目的的说明,需用动词不定式 to chat。故填to chat。
【7】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,动词set在句中作状语,和主语“More shops”直接按是主动关系,需使用现在分词setting。故填setting。
【8】考查形容词。分析句子可知,be动词后要接形容词,caution是名词,需转变为形容词cautious,be cautious about是固定搭配,表示“谨慎对待”。故填cautious。
【9】考查名词。句意:在武汉的公司在叫回他们的员工们方面是谨慎对待的,这对这个城市生活的复苏做出了贡献。分析句子可知,形容词性物主代词their后面要接名词,employ是动词,需转变为名词,根据句意表达的是员工们,故为employees。故填employees。
【10】考查冠词。句意:但是对于这个城市来说,去平衡疫情防控和经济增长仍然是一个严峻的考验。分析句子可知,此处泛指“一个严峻的考验”,应使用不定冠词,tough是以辅音音素开头的词,需用不定冠词a。故填a。
非谓语动词题型的考核,学生首先要先判断动词在句中充当的成分,然后判断动词和相关的名词之间是否是主动,被动,完成,未完成或目的等关系。如本小题6,动词chat在句中作状语,是对谓语部分“have started gathering”已经开始聚集的目的说明,需用动词不定式 to chat,故填to chat。
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