Question

【题目】Hamburgers, French fries，potato chips, popcorn, and pizza. There is no denying (否认) that these foods are tasty. But often, it’s the added salt that makes you desire them. Thus, US kids are eating too much salty food.

Table salt is about 40% sodium(钠). Our bodies need some sodium to work properly. But too much of it is not healthy. The salt bottle is to blame for just 11% of the sodium kids consume. The rest has been added to food before it even reaches the table. The following shows how much sodium is packed into a typical turkey-and-cheese sandwich.

A turkey sandwich can pack a big sodium punch. Add a teaspoon of mustard (芥末) and the total rises to 1,522 milligrams (mg). Kids aged 9 to 13 should get no more than 2,200 mg each day. This can raise blood pressure, which in turn can lead to heart problems. Today, 1 in 9 children has raised blood pressure. There’s good news though. Consuming less salt can lower blood pressure.

That, of course, is easier said than done. The more you eat salty foods, the more you develop a taste for them. The key to changing your diet is to start small. Small changes in sodium in foods are not usually noticed. Eventually, the effort will reset a kid’s taste buds (味蕾).

Bridget Murphy is a dietitian. She says kids can try adding spices to their food instead of salt. Eating fruits and vegetables and cutting back on packaged foods will also help.

Need a little inspiration? Murphy offers this tip: Focus on the immediate effects of a diet that is high in sodium. High blood pressure can make it difficult to be active. “ Do you want to think clearly and perform well in school?” she asks. “Do you want to run faster?”

Zerleen Quader, of the CDC, suggests reading nutrition labels. “It’s surprising how much the sodium content for the same food can vary by brand,” she says.

【1】Why do kids tend to eat too much salt?

A. Salt contains much sodium. B. The salt bottles are too big.

C. Salt makes foods delicious. D. Salt is necessary for their bodies.

【2】Where does most of the salt kids eat probably come from?

A. Family-cooked foods. B. Fruits and vegetables.

C. Bottles in the kitchen. D. Store-bought foods.

【3】How does added salt do harm to one’s health?

A. It makes one too active. B. It raises blood pressure.

C. It changes sodium in salt. D. It makes gaining weight easy.

【4】Which is a suggested way to reduce the intake of salt?

A. Replacing salt with spices. B. Eating without selection.

C. Eating less home-made food. D. Taking much exercise every day.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】D

【3】B

【4】A

【解析】文章大意：如今儿童摄入过多的盐分，这将对他们的健康造成伤害。文章主要分析了摄入过多的盐分的原因及可能产生的后果，并给出了减少盐摄入量的方法。

【1】细节理解题。根据第一段的But often, it’s the added salt that makes you desire them.可知，很多食物之所以令人渴望去吃，主要是因为它们里面所添加的盐。故选C。

【2】推理判断题。根据第二段中的The salt bottle is to blame for just 11% of the sodium kids consume. The rest has been added to food before it even reaches the table.可知，儿童所摄入的钠中，只有11%来自家庭调料瓶；而其余的都是在食物未到餐桌之前加入的。再结合第一段所列举的能引起儿童食欲的零食以及第三段的前两句，我们可以推知，儿童所摄入盐的大部分都来自商店所出售的食物。故选D。

【3】细节理解题。根据第三段中的This can raise blood pressure, which in tum can lead to heart problems.可知，过量的盐可能使血压升高，从而导致心脏病。故选B。

【4】细节理解题。根据第五段中的She says kids can try adding spices to their food instead of salt.可知，Bridget Murphy建议在食物中添加香料而不是盐，这可以帮助儿童减少对盐的依赖。故选A。