The behavior of a building's users may be at least as important as its design when it comes to energy use, according to new research from the UK Energy Research Centre (UKERC). The UK promises to reduce its carbon emissions (排放)by 80 percent by 2050, part of which will be achieved by all new homes being zero carbon by 2016. But this report shows that sustainable building design on its own—though extremely important—is not enough to achieve such reductions: the behavior of the people using the building has to change too.
The study suggests that the ways that people use and live in their homes have been largely ignored by existing efforts to improve energy efficiency, which instead focus on architectural and technological developments.
“Technology is going to assist but it is not going to do everything，”explains Katy Janda, a UKERC senior researcher, “consumption patterns of building users can defeat the most careful design.” In other words, old habits die hard, even in the best designed eco home.
Another part of the problem is information. Households and bill payers don't have the knowledge they need to change their energy use habits. Without specific information, it's hard to estimate the costs and benefits of making different choices. Feedback（反馈） facilities, like smart meters and energy monitors, could help bridge this information gap by helping people see how changing their behavior directly affects their energy use; some studies have shown that households can achieve up to 15 percent energy savings using smart meters.
Social science research has added a further dimension, suggesting that individuals' behavior in the home can be personal and cannot be predicted—whether people throw open their windows rather than turn down the thermostat (恒温器) , for example.
Janda argues that education is the key. She calls for a focused program to teach people about buildings and their own behavior in them.
1.As to energy use, the new research from UKERC stresses the importance of ________.
A. zero carbon homes
B. the reduction of carbon emissions
C. sustainable building design
D. the behavior of building users
2.The underlined word “which” in Paragraph 2 refers to“________”.
A. their homes B. existing efforts
C. developments D. the ways
3.What are Katy Janda's words mainly about?
A. The importance of changing building users' habits.
B. The necessity of making a careful building design.
C. The variety of consumption patterns of building users.
D. The role of technology in improving energy efficiency.
4.The information gap in energy use________.
A. affects the study on energy monitors
B. brings about problems for smart meters
C. can be bridged by feedback facilities
D. will be caused by building users' old habits
科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年浙江湖州中学高二下学期期中考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：书面表达
应用文写作
上周是你校的艺术周，周三你们有幸邀请到外籍教师Henry教授给高一（1）班的学生上了一堂英语课。假如你是校报的记者李明，请你以 “An Impressive English Lesson”为题按下列提示用英语写一篇新闻报道。内容包括：
1. Henry教授上课的情况；
2. 学生们的表现和评价；
3. 对英语学习的启示。
注意：1.词数80左右；2.报道的标题、开头和记者姓名已给出，不计入总词数；3.可适当增加细节，已使行文连贯。
An Impressive English Lesson
On Wednesday of last Art Week, we_______________________________________.
By Liming
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年黑龙江绥棱县第一中学高二6月月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
At no time in history has there been such a mass movement of people from the countryside to the city as is happening now. By the year 2030, it’s estimated that more than two thirds of the world’s population will be living in cities, twice as many as today. This means that the problems faced by cities today—overcrowding, poor housing, unemployment, poverty and lack of food and water—will be twice as bad unless we find solutions soon.
Another serious issue is how to provide good transportation for their citizens. Many of the world’s major cities are already struggling with out-of-date transport infrastructures(基本设施).How can they deal with the additional demands?
London is a good example. Its enlargement was made possible by the invention of the steam engine, which powered the world’s first underground railway. But its transport system are now hopelessly out-of-date and need urgent modernization. London’s future success depends very much on developing better public transport.
Over a million people travel into central London every day from outside the city. They together with the people who live in London, want a public transport system that is efficient, safe and environmentally friendly. What they often get, however, falls far short of that ideal. Passengers complain about cost and pollution, while businesses worry about the problems their staff have in getting to work on time. Yes, the proportion of London households that own a car grew from just over ten percent in the early 1950s to over sixty percent today.
As the city has become increasingly crowded and polluted, there has been a growing realization that action must be taken soon.
1.It is believed that____.
A. overpopulation causes the problem in cities
B. two thirds of the world’s population are living in cities today
C. it isn’t difficult to solve the problem faced by cities today
D. with fewer people we would be free from problems
2.The underlined word “they” in the fourth paragraph refers to _______.
A. the citizens in the city of London
B.those who come to London from other places
C. passengers who make complaints about the cost
D. businesses who are anxious about their staff getting to work late
3.The underlined words “environmentally friendly” is closest in meaning to ________.
A. pleasant and nonpolluting B. cheap and punctual
C. quick and straight D. fair and convenient
4. The following paragraph of this text would most probably deal with___
A. train and air travel
B. traffic jams in London
C. possible solution to London’s transportation problems
D. car ownership that continues to grow.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年浙江诸暨中学高一下学期期中英语试卷（解析版） 题型：语法填空
语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在标号为1-10的相应位置上。
A young American woman worked in a school in Shanghai． _________ she came to China，she knew little about the Chinese culture of language． One day on her way to school，she went to a bank _________ (draw) some money．To _________ surprise，the bank clerk(职员) asked her if she had had her lunch．She was surprised at such _________ question because in the American culture it would mean that the bank clerk is inviting her to lunch．Between unmarried young people it can also mean the young man’s interest in dating the girl．Since this bank clerk _________ a stranger to the American woman，she was very puzzled(困惑的)，and quickly answered that she _________ (eat) already．After this she went on to school and was even _________ surprised when one of the teachers asked her the same question．
By now she understood that it could not be an _________ (invite) but was puzzled as to why they asked it．In the following days she was asked the same question again and again and she spent many hours _________ (try) to work out why so many people kept asking her this．At last she thought that these people must be _________ (concern) about her health．She was rather thin at the time，and she thought they must be worrying that she was not eating well!
In fact the question like that has no real meaning at all — it is only a greeting．
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年湖北襄阳第五中学高二3月月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：书面表达
书面表达
据报道，在我国仍有很多山区的孩子因为家庭贫穷而上不起学。你们班就如何帮助这些孩子上学进行了讨论。假如你是李华，请你把你们的建议写成一封信寄给Teens的编辑，希望他能够呼吁更多的人参与这项活动。
内容要点：
1. 收集旧课本和衣服；
2. 你的建议, 至少两条；
3. 呼吁更多人帮助他们。
注意：1. 词数120左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头已写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Editor,
I’m a senior high school student. _________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年新疆兵团农二师华山中学高一下期中英语卷（解析版） 题型：短文改错
短文改错
假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号∧，并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线\划掉。
修改：在错词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
People are not so honest that they once were. The temptation to steal is greater than ever before ---- especial in large shops. A detective recently watched a well-dressed woman who always went into a large store on Monday mornings. One Monday, there was fewer people in the shop than usual when the woman came in, but it was easier for the detective to watch her. The woman first bought for a few small articles. After a little time, she chose one of the most expensive dressed in the shop and hand it to an assistant who wrapped it up for him as quickly as possible. Then the woman simply took the parcel and walked out to the shop with paying. When she was arrested, the detective found that the shop assistant was her daughter. The girl ‘gave’ her mother the free dress once a week!
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年新疆兵团农二师华山中学高一下期中英语卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Letter One
Dear Editor,
After I finish my homework, I often go online and chat with my friends. Sometimes I play Internet games. But my parents hate to see me playing games on the computer. Maybe they have heard too much news about how QQ and Internet games harm children. Once I went to a net bar to play games after school. But after that I told my parents that I was playing basketball at school. I said so because I didn’t want to make them unhappy. I feel bad about it. However, I need to rest for a while by playing computer games after studying for a long time. I really want my parents to understand that. Do foreign parents do the same to their children? Please help me.
Li Ping, Nantong
Letter Two
Dear Li Ping,
I think it’s not strange for parents to keep their children away from anything bad. Foreign parents will do the same as your parents! They may not let their children watch TV for too long a time, or like your parents, they don’t want their children to play computer games.
Talk to your parents and be honest to them, I think. Tell them what you are doing and why you are doing so to make them understand you. It’s never good to do things behind your parents’ backs. They aren’t fools as you think sometimes! Our parents seem to know what is the best for us. Remember: to be honest is the best way.
Good luck,
Rebecca
1.From the passage we can learn that Li Ping often ________.
A．talks to his friends on the Internet
B．plays basketball after school
C．plays computer games at home
D. chats online before doing his homework
2.The boy goes online _____.
A. to get news about QQ
B. just to have a rest
C. to show that he hates study
D. just to find some friends
3.The underlined sentence in Letter Two means “ _____ ”.
A. You must do everything in front of your parents
B. You must always listen to your parents carefully
C. You should tell your parents what you do before or after doing it
D. You should not do anything to make your parents worry about you
4.The editor thinks _____.
A. children should play computer games secretly
B. playing computer games can be very helpful to children’s studies
C. children should be honest and try to make their parents understand them
D. foreign parents don’t care for their children as much as Chinese parents
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年广西桂林第十八中学高二下期中英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
In England recently three foreign gentlemen came to a bus stop and waited. About five minutes later, the bus they wanted came along. They were just going to get on when suddenly there was a loud noise behind them. People rushed onto the bus and tried to push them out of the way. Someone shouted at them. The bus conductor came rushing down the stairs to see what all the trouble was about. The three foreigners seem all at sea and looked embarrassed. No one had told them about the British custom of lining up for a bus that the first person who arrives at the bus stop is the first person to get on the bus.
Learning the language of a country isn't enough. If you want to have a pleasant visit, find out as much as possible about the manners and customs of your host country. You will probably be surprised just how different they can be from your own. A visitor to India would do well to remember that people there consider it impolite to use the left hand for passing food at table. The left hand is supposed to be used for washing yourself. Also in India, you might see a man shaking his head at another to show that he doesn't agree. But in many parts of India a shake of the head means agreement. Nodding your head when you are given a drink in Bulgaria will most probably leave you thirsty .
In that country, you shake your head to mean 'yes'— a nod means 'no'. At a meal in countries on the Arabic Peninsula, you will find that your glass is repeated refilled as soon as you drink up. If you think that you have had enough, you should take the cup or glasses in your hand and give it a little shake from side to side or place your hand over the top.
In Europe it is quite usual to cross your legs when you are sitting talking to someone even at an important meeting. Doing this in Thailand, however, could bring about trouble. Also, you should try to avoid touching the head of an adult ——it's just not done in Thailand.
1.The British people tried to push the three gentlemen out of the way, because the gentlemen _______.
A. were foreigners B. didn't have tickets
C. made a loud noise D. didn't line up for the bus
2.According to the article, if you want to have a pleasant journey in a foreign country, you should _________.
A. learn the language of the country
B. understand the manners and customs of the country
C. have enough time and money
D. make friends with the people there
3.In India it is considered impolite ___________.
A. to use the right hand for passing food at table.
B. to pass food with the left hand.
C. to eat food with your hands.
D. to help yourself at table.
4.To cross one's legs at an important meeting in Europe is _______.
A. a common habit B. an important manner
C. a serious trouble D. a bad manner
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年江西抚州临川十中高一下期5月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：书面表达
书面表达
假定你是李华。你的笔友晓东是某学校一名高一学生。最近他来信说不知道如何学好高中英语，感到苦恼。请你给他写一封回信，提出你的建议。建议内容如下:
1 尽力用英语交流，不要怕犯错误。
2 坚持每天早晚朗读英语。
3 多读英文报纸，看英文电影。
注意: 1 词数100左右； 2 可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯；
3 开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。
Dear Xiao Dong,
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
I hope you will find these ideas useful.
Yours,
Li Hua
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