Question

A.The reason why few mummies are left today. B.The three most famous Egyptian mummies. C.Mummy and mummification. D.A safe passage to the afterlife AB. The reason why Egyptians made and gave up making mummies. AC. Different ways to make mummies.

 
When you think of a mummy what comes to mind? Most of us usually picture an Egyptian mummy wrapped in bandages and buried deep inside a pyramid. While the Egyptian ones are the most famous, mummies have been found in many places throughout the world, from Greenland to China to the Andes Mountains of South America.
__小题1: ____
A mummy is the body of a person that has been preserved after death. Normally when we die, bacteria and other germs eat away at the soft tissues (such as skin and muscles) leaving only the bones behind. Since bacteria need water in order to grow, mummification usually happens if the body dries out quickly after death. The body may then be so well preserved that we can even tell how the dead person may have looked in life.
__小题2: ____
Mummies are made naturally or by embalming（以香油涂尸防腐）, which is any process that people use to help preserve a dead body. Mummies can be dried out by extreme cold, by the sun, by smoke, or using chemicals such as natron（氧化钠）. Some bodies become mummies because there were favorable natural conditions when they died. Others were preserved and buried with great care.
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The ancient Egyptians believed that mummifying a person's body after death was essential to ensure a safe passage to the afterlife. Over time almost all Egyptians who could afford to became mummies when they died -- a total of about 70 million mummies in 3,000 years. By the 4th century AD, many Egyptians had become Christians and no longer believed that mummification was necessary for life after death. Eventually, the Egyptians gave up the art and science of making mummies.
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So where did all the mummies go? Sadly, most were grabbed in ancient times by robbers looking for treasures wrapped up in the bandages. Countless mummies were also destroyed during the Middle Ages, when they were ground into powders to make supposedly magical pills. Later on, modern treasure hunters rushed into their tombs carelessly looking for artifacts and souvenirs. Even industry aided the destruction by using mummies' bandages to make paper or burning their bodies for fuel.
__小题5: ____
The best preserved mummies are those of the pharoahs and their relatives. These mummies tended to be more carefully embalmed and protected from harm. The mummies that have survived allow us to look back into the past and know something of the ancient Egyptians and their time. Three of the most famous Egyptians mummies are Tutankhamen, Seti I and Rameses II (Ramses the Great).

Answer 1

小题1:C
小题2:AC
小题3:AB
小题4:A
小题5:B

试题分析：本文叙述了古代的木乃伊制作的方法及原因，文中主要提到埃及人制作木乃伊是为了防止细菌的感染尸体的腐烂，但是后来由于许多埃及人成了基督教徒，不再相信木乃伊了于是就放弃了，到后来由于盗墓者的破坏到现在保存下来的木乃伊很少，最著名的有三个木乃伊它们是Tutankhamen, Seti I and Rameses II (Ramses the Great).
小题1:根据A mummy is the body of a person that has been preserved after death. mummification usually happens if the body dries out quickly after death.总结该段的段意可知应选C。
小题2:根据Mummies are made naturally or by embalming（以香油涂尸防腐）, which is any process that people use to help preserve a dead body.制作木乃伊的方法，故选AC。
小题3:根据The ancient Egyptians believed that mummifying a person's body after death was essential to ensure a safe passage to the afterlife. Over time almost all Egyptians who could afford to became mummies when they died -- a total of about 70 million mummies in 3,000 years.制作木乃伊的原因和放弃的原因，故选AB。
小题4:根据So where did all the mummies go? Sadly, most were grabbed in ancient times by robbers looking for treasures wrapped up in the bandages. Countless mummies were also destroyed during the Middle Ages, 为什么有那么少的木乃伊保存至今，故选A。
小题5:根据Three of the most famous Egyptians mummies are Tutankhamen, Seti I and Rameses II (Ramses the Great).三个著名的木乃伊，故选B。
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