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    Is early childhood education really necessary? Early childhood education primarily focuses on learning through playing to develop the child’s physical, sensory, communicational and social development． Early childhood education has become a concern of the government, who pushes poor children to be formally trained before they are old enough for Kindergarten．
    There are good reasons for the government to push early childhood education．Studies have shown that orphaned children who did not receive good care and education become developmentally delayed causing failure in school, and even in life．Further studies show that poor children who take part in Head Start programs are more prepared for school, less likely to end up in Special Education classes, and are less likely to receive public help or go to jail．
    There are also negative parts to putting a child in formal education programs too early．Time Magazine online explains that “the younger the child the less his chances of catching up with first-grade work．” I have personally witnessed many children of my generation who went to Head Start programs become frustrated and bored with school before they finished high school．Yet parents have been sure that the earlier the child starts school, the better off he or she is, so they push to start children earlier．
    Actually while early formal education of poor children does show great gains in the early elementary years, studies also show that this head start is really a “false start”, as the gains are lost in middle and high school years．It seems that environment is a bigger factor on life’s success than early education．Head Start programs have not achieved its original goal in closing the achievement gap in poor and middle school children．Perhaps it is time to find other ways to close that gap．
    小题1:The purpose of the government valuing the early childhood education is ________．
    A．to develop the children’s communication
    A．to give orphaned children good care and education
    C．to get the children prepared for the kindergarten
    D．to train the children formally and regularly
    小题2:According to the studies, which of the following is True?
    A．Children with good early education may have a rich life．
    B．The orphaned children are usually unhappy in their life．
    C．Children without early education can do well at school．
    D．Head Start programs are helpful to the poor children．
    小题3:The author’s attitude toward the early childhood education is _________．
    A．puzzlingB．objectiveC．indifferentD．approving
    小题4:The main idea of the last passage is that __________．
    A．the early childhood education is very necessary
    B．Head Start programs have helped the children a lot
    C．environment is the most important to life’s success
    D．better ways should be found to help the poor children
    小题1:C小题1:D小题1:B小题1:D
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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

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    C．Volunteers were followed around by Dr Roman Gerodimos.
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    B．People can easily survive the media devices addict.
    C．People can spend more time sleeping in the future.
    D．People spend about half the time using the media devices.
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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。
    B 
    　Two experts did some experiments on two groups of people — one who tended to sleep less than the
    people around them and the other group more.
    According to their report that the “short sleepers” had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens. But at about age 15 or so, the men automatically began to cut down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school, work, and other activities. These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.
    　　 In general, these “short sleepers” appeared with ambition, active, energetic, cheerful, and conformist (不动摇) in their opinions, and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once, or even worked full time while going to school. And many of them had a strong urge to appear “acceptable” or “outstanding” to their friends and associates.
    　　When asked to recall their dreams, the “short sleepers” did poorly. More than this, they seemed to prefer not remembering them. In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away.
    　　The experts also stated that those “long sleepers” were quite different indeed. They reported that those men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood. They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were a bit concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended to recall their dreams much better than the “short sleepers did.
    　　Many of the “long sleepers” were shy, anxious, introverted (内向), inhibited (压抑), passive, mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves (particularly in social situations). Several openly express it that being asleep was a good escape from their daily problems.
    All in all, proper time of sleeping should be admired, not too long, neither too short.
    小题1:According to the report, ______.
    A．many “short sleepers” need less sleep just by nature
    B．many “short sleepers” are obliged to reduce sleep time by work
    C．long sleepers sleep a longer period of time during the day
    D．many “long sleepers” formed sleeping habit during childhood
    小题2: Many “short sleepers” are likely to hold the view that ______.
    A．sleep is a very efficient escape from the reality
    B．sleep is just an item which should be denied by them
    C．sleep might be a disturbing thing for their daily business
    D．sleep is the best way to deal with psychological troubles
    小题3: It is stated in the forth paragraph that “short sleepers” ______.
    A．are ideally energetic under the pressures of life
    B．often ignore the ill effect of not enough sleep
    C．do not know how to relax themselves properly
    D．are more unlikely to run into mental problems
    小题4:Which of the following is nearest to the meaning of “… were a bit concerned” in the fifth Para?
    A．appeared troubled B．became energetic
    C．felt dissatisfied D．were much depressed
    小题5:Which of the following is NOT correct according to the passage?
    A．If one sleeps improperly, his performance suffers and his memory is weakened
    B．The sleep patterns of short sleepers are the same as those shown by “long sleepers”
    C．Long and short sleepers differ in their attitudes towards sleep
    D．Short sleepers may have been better off if they have more rest

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Visitors to Britain may find the best place to sample local culture is in a traditional pub．But these friendly pubs can be dangerous places of potential gaffes（失礼）for the newcomers．
    A team of researchers have discovered some of the unknown customs of British pubs - starting with the difficulty of getting a drink．Most pubs have no waiters - you have to go to the bar to buy drinks．A group of Italian youths waiting 45 minutes before they realized they would have to fetch their own．This may sound inconvenient, but there is a hidden purpose．
    Pub culture is designed to promote sociability（社交）in a society known for its reserve．Standing at the bar for service allows you to chat with others waiting to be served．The bar counter is possibly the only site in the British Isles in which friendly conversation with strangers is considered entirely suitable and really quite normal behavior．“If you haven’t been to a pub, you haven’t been to Britain．” This tip can be found in a booklet, Passport to the Pub: The Tourists’ Guide to Pub Etiquette, a customers’ rule of conduct for those wanting to sample “a central part of British life and culture”．
    The trouble is that if you do not follow the local rules, the experience may fall flat．For example, if you are in a big group, it is best if only one or two people go to buy the drinks．Nothing annoys the regular customers and bar staff more than a group of strangers blocking all access to the bar while they chat and hesitate about what to order．
    小题1:The underlined word “sample” in the first paragraph probably means “________”．
    A．tasteB．experience
    C．testD．record
    小题2:The culture of pub in Britain is so developed to ________．
    A．encourage people to communicate with each other
    B．encourage more people to consume drinks
    C．attract more tourists to the pubs
    D．form its own character of culture
    小题3:If you don’t follow the local rules in a pub, ________．
    A．you won’t buy good local drinks
    B．you may annoy the regular customers and bar staff
    C．you may fail to feel the local culture
    D．you might get into a dangerous place
    小题4:What may be the best title for the passage?
    A．Self-service Pubs in Britain
    B．British Local Pubs: Special Chat Places
    C．Local Pub Culture in Britain
    D．Manners in British Local Pubs

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