Question

【题目】The decade of the “young old” begins

The year 2020 will mark the beginning of the decade of the yold, or the “young old”，【1】. The height of the baby boom, the period of high fertility in rich countries after the second world war, was 1955-60. one might therefore expect peak retirement for baby-boomers in the coming years — except that they are not retiring. By continuing to work, and staying socially engaged, the boomers, in their new guise as the young old, will change the world.

【2】: of the 3.7 years of increased life expectancy in rich countries between 2000 and 2015, says the WHO, 3.2 years were enjoyed in good health.

【3】: between 1989 and 2013, the median wealth of families headed by someone over 62 in America rose by 40% to $210,000, while the wealth of all other age groups declined. The over-60s are vital to the tourism industry because they spend much more, when taking a foreign holiday, than younger adults.

【4】. In 2016 just over a fifth of people aged 65-69 were in work in rich countries, a figure that is rising fast. Many bosses and HR departments think productivity falls with age, but a German study found that people who remain at work after the normal retirement age manage to slow the cognitive decline associated with old age and have a cognitive capacity of someone a year and a half younger.

【5】. They are challenging the traditional expectations of the retired as people who wear slippers and look after the grandchildren.

A. The yold are also better off

B. In short, the yold are not just any group of old people

C. The yold are both young and old

D. as the Japanese call people aged between 65 and 75

E. Health worsens with age, but the yold are resisting the decline better than most

F. The yold are busier, too

G. The yold can’t resist aging

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】E

【3】A

【4】F

【5】B

【解析】

这是一篇议论文。作者认为2020年将是“青老年”时代的开始，一代青老年不再是传统意义上的老年人。他们正在挑战对退休老人的传统印象：穿着拖鞋在家照顾孙子孙女。他们会颠覆消费、服务和金融市场。

【1】在设空句前作者提出了the yold这个自己新造的词，然后用了the “young old”来解释它，接着为了让读者更明白这一词汇含义，他应该再进行解释，选项D：日本人称呼65岁至75岁的人为青老年，是对作者新造的词的举例解释，前后内容符合逻辑，故选D。

【2】根据文章体裁特点可知，设空句应该是论点，句后段落内容是对设空句论点的阐述。这一段的内容是：据世界卫生组织表示，富裕国家人均寿命延长了3.7年，人们在其中的3.2年里健康状况都相当良好。这些数据是青老年人健康下降程度小的论据。选项E：健康状况通常会随着年龄的增长而下降，但青老年健康下降程度最小。选项E是论点，与段落内容一致，故选E。

【3】根据文章体裁特点可知，设空句应该是论点，句后段落内容是对设空句论点的阐述。这一段的内容是：在1989至2013年间，62岁以上美国老人家庭财富中位数增长了40%，达到21万美元，而所有其他年龄组财富都在下降。60岁以上的人群对旅游业至关重要，原因在于相比年青人，他们在出国旅游方面支出更多。这些内容就是青老年人占据更多财富，经济状况在提高的论据。选项A：青老年一代经济状况也不错。选项A是论点，与段落内容一致，故选A。

【4】根据文章体裁特点可知，设空句应该是论点，句后段落内容是对设空句论点的阐述。这一段的内容是：2016年，富裕国家中65-69岁的人仅有五分之一在工作，但这一数字正迅速增长。工作是帮助人们更长时间保持健康的因素之一。德国一项研究发现，超过正常退休年龄仍在工作的人，能够减缓与老年相关的认知能力下降，而且认知能力不比小他们一岁半的人低。也就是说青老年人中有更多人在工作而不是退休，工作和忙碌让他们更健康。这是论据，与段落内容一致，选项F：青老年也更忙碌。选项F是论点，符合语境，故选F。

【5】设空句为文章末段，是对文章的总结，选项B开头的In short(总之，简而言之)有总结的意思。文章的标题是迎来“青老年时代”，作者通过设空句的上文分几个方面论证了青老年不再是传统意义上的老年人，选项B正是这一论点的总结性的表述，故选B。

七选五题型中经常出现的文章体裁是说明文，议论文比较少见，在做议论文体裁的七选五时，更要特别关注设空句所在位置。议论文中中心论点和分论点常位于文章的开头、结尾和段落的开头或结尾。而论据和论证会跟在论点后，所以可以根据设空句在文章中的位置先判定设空句是论点、论证还是论据，再根据论点是作者观点，论据是支撑论点的材料，论证是组织论据，证明论点来进行选定。本题中的第2，3，4小题，设空句皆为段首句，根据后面的内容可知，设空句是分论点，据此将七个选项中与各段落论据、论证相匹配的内容选定即可。