Question

12．There are two dangers to be guarded against in old age．One of these is undue （过度的） absorption in the past．There is no need to live in memories，in regrets for the good old days，or in sadness about friends who are dead．One's thoughts must be directed to the future，and to things about which there is something to be done．
    It is unwise to be too attached to the youth in hopes of sucking vigor from their vitality （活力）．When your children have grown up，they want to live their own lives，and if you continue to be as interested in them as you were when they were young，you are likely to become a burden to them，unless they are cold to you．
    I think a successful old age is easier for those who have strong impersonal interests involving proper activities．It is no use telling children not to make mistakes，both because they will not believe you，and because mistakes are an essential part of education．But if you are one of those who are incapable of impersonal interests，and you only concern yourself with your children and grandchildren，then you must realize that while you can stil lrenderthem material services，such as making them an allowance，you must not expect that they will enjoy your company．
    Some old people are afraid of death．But in fact the best way is to make your interests gradually wider and more impersonal．An individual human existence should be like a river-small at first，rushing passionately past rocks and over waterfalls．Gradually the river grows wider and the banks move back and in the end they become merged （混和） in the sea without any visible break．
  The old man who can see life in this way will not suffer from the fear of growing old and death．
45．One of the dangers to be guarded against in old age isB．
A．the fear of getting old      
B．to be lost in old memories
C．to depend on themselves    
D．to be too impersonal
46．The author suggests that old people shouldA．
A．develop impersonal interests with proper activities 
B．tell their children not to make mistakes
C．concern themselves with their children           
D．not give their children an allowance
47．The underlined word"render"in Paragraph 3 probably means"C"．
A．return      B．reward    C．give D．demand
48．The author compares an individual human existence to a river becauseC．
A．life is like a river，first small，and then it becomes wide
B．life is like a river finally flowing into the sea and disappearing
C．old age and death are both natural，just like a river
D．people get old and finally die naturally like a river
49．What's the main topic of this passage？B
A．Never be afraid of death．B．How to grow old successfully．
C．Never be afraid of getting old．D．Getting old is natural．

Answer 1

分析 文章讲的是老人不应该沉浸在过去的日子里，不能活在记忆里，不能总是为过去的事情后悔，为逝去的老朋友悲伤．而应该活在现在．另外老人不要太依赖年轻人，要建立自己的兴趣爱好，建立良好的死亡观．

解答 45．B：细节理解题，根据第一段One of these is undue （过度的） absorption in the past．There is no need to live in memories，in regrets for the good old days，or in sadness about friends who are dead．可知年老时需要提防的危险之一是不要完全迷失在过去的记忆中，故选B．
46．A：细节理解题．第三段第一句话 I think that a successful old age is easiest for those who have strong impersonal interests involving appropriate activities．我认为一个人能做到对合适的活动很有兴趣，那么，他就极易享有成功的晚年．故选A．
47．C：语义猜测题．根据第三段then you must realize that while you can stil lrenderthem material services，such as making them an allowance，you must not expect that they will enjoy your company．可知你需要意识到即使你可以为他们提供一些物质帮助，例如给他们些钱或者替他们织件毛衣，render应该是提供的意思．所以选C．
48．C：推理判断题．看最后两段，An individual human existence should be like a river-small at fist，rushing passionately past rocks and over waterfalls．Gradually the river grows wider and the banks move back and in the end they become mixed in the sea without any visible break．The old man who can see life in this way will not suffer from the fear of growing old and death．人的存在应当像是河流--最初涓涓细流，欢快的穿过岩石，跨越瀑布．渐渐的，河道变宽，两岸后退，河水也安静下来．最终，没有任何停留的迹象，融入大海．能够这样看待生命的人年老时就不会为死亡而恐惧．从这段话可知，作者想让大家明白，人的存在和河流的流动一样，非常自然．故选C．
49．B：主旨大意题．从全文内容可知，本文讲的就是老人该怎样调整心态，怎样安度晚年，故选B．

点评 考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力．做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择．在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．