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20.Gene Testing
DNA-based tests are among the first commercial medical applications of the new genetic discoveries.Gene tests can be used to diagnose and confirm disease.They provide prognostic (预兆) information about the course of disease.(36)F

Currently,several hundred genetic tests are in clinical use.(37)A Their numbers and varieties are expected to increase rapidly over the next decade.Most current tests detect mutations(突变) associated with rare genetic disorders.

Recently,tests have been developed to detect mutations for a handful of more complex conditions such as breast and colon(结肠) cancers.(38)E And the information they provide helps physicians and patients manage the disease or condition more effectively.

(39)B The tests may not detect every mutation associated with a particular condition and the ones they do detect may present different risks to various people and populations.Another important consideration in gene testing is the lack of effective treatments or preventive measures for many diseases and conditions now being diagnosed or predicted.

(40)D Because genetic tests uncover information about persons and their families,test results can affect families in many ways.For example,people with genetic disorders may be regarded as a group with diseases to be ashamed of.


A.Many more are under development.
B.There are some scientific limitations of gene tests.
C.Using genes themselves to treat disease has inspired the imagination of the public.
D.Knowledge about the risk of potential future disease can produce mental and  psychological impacts.
E.One potential benefit of these tests is that they could provide information.
F.They can also predict the risk of future disease in healthy people or their children.
G.The way disorders are diagnosed,treated,and prevented is improved.

分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了基于DNA的测试是第一个商业化的医疗应用的新基因的发现之一,可用于诊断和确认疾病.

解答 36.F.推理判断题.根据前文They provide prognostic (预兆) information about the course of disease可知他们也可以预测未来疾病的风险在健康的人或他们的孩子;故选F.
37.A.推理判断题.根据后文Their numbers and varieties are expected to increase rapidly over the next decade可知许多基因检测正在开发中;故选A.
38.E.推理判断题.根据后文And the information they provide helps physicians and patients manage the disease or condition more effectively可知这些测试的一个潜在的好处是,他们可以提供信息;故选E.
39.B.推理判断题.根据后文The tests may not detect every mutation associated with a particular condition and the ones they do detect may present different risks to various people and populations可知基因测试有一些科学局限性;故选B.
40.D.推理判断题.根据后文Because genetic tests uncover information about persons and their families,test results can affect families in many ways可知潜在的未来疾病风险的知识可以产生心理和心理的影响;故选D.

点评 考察学生的推理判断能力和联系上下文的能力,在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.此类的填空题一定要联系上下文,根据上下文的内容加上自己的理解,再作出正确的判断.

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