Question

【题目】 Heads up! Across the country, sports injuries are a safety concern for young athletes. Now, the American Medical Association (AMA) has a new set of guidelines aimed at protecting players from the danger of concussions—serious injuries caused by a blow to the head.

“By raising awareness of the serious risks associated with concussions and ensuring that the appropriate guidelines are in place, we can reduce the number of young athletes who may return to the game too soon, which can put their health at further risk,” said AMA Board Member Jack Resneck Jr. M.D., in a statement.

The policy recommends that young athletes who may have a concussion be taken off the field as soon as possible. Then, they are only to return to their sport with a doctor’s written approval. The policy also sets age-specific rules for health care professionals and athletic organizations in evaluating and caring for concussions.

According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC), a concussion is a type of traumatic(创伤) brain injury caused by a bump, blow, or jolt to the head or hit to the body that causes the head and brain to move rapidly back and forth. This type of movement can cause the brain to bounce around or twist inside the skull(颅骨). It can damage brain cells and create chemical changes in the brain.

The CDC says that between 1.6 million and 3.8 million traumatic brain injuries caused by sports and recreation-related activities occur in the U. S. every year. A study from the Center for Injury Research and Policy showed that as many as 40% of high school athletes return to playing before they should. The AMA’s new guidelines should help to bring those numbers down.

【1】Why does the AMA set the new guidelines?

A.To raise safety standards of sports.

B.To protect athletes from concussions.

C.To set rules for health care evaluation.

D.To help players return to the game quickly.

【2】What should young athletes who may have a concussion do?

A.Avoid using the head.B.Leave the field forever.

C.Get treatment in time.D.Switch to another sport.

【3】What is paragraph 4 mainly about?

A.What a concussion is.B.What causes damage to brain cells.

C.How the CDC works.D.How a concussion can be prevented.

【4】Which of the following is the best title for the text?

A.Rules for Safer PlayB.Sports Injuries in the US

C.Advice to AthletesD.New Policies for Doctors

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】C

【3】A

【4】A

【解析】

本文是说明文。运动伤害是年轻运动员的安全隐患。现在，美国医学协会(AMA)制定的一套新的指导方针，旨在保护运动员免受脑震荡的危险——头部受到重击造成的严重伤害。

【1】细节理解题。根据第一段中Now, the American Medical Association (AMA) has a new set of guidelines aimed at protecting players from the danger of concussions-serious injuries caused by a blow to the head.(现在，美国医学协会(AMA)有了一套新的指导方针，旨在保护运动员免受脑震荡的危险——头部受到重击造成的严重伤害)可知，美国医学协会AMA制定新的指导方针的目的是保护运动员免受脑震荡的危险。故选B。

【2】推理判断题。根据第三段中The policy recommends that young athletes who may have a concussion be taken off the field as soon as possible. Then, they are only to return to their sport with a doctor’s written approval.(该政策建议可能有脑震荡的年轻运动员尽快离开赛场。然后，他们只有在得到医生的书面批准后才能重返赛场)可推知，可能患有脑震荡的年轻运动员应该尽快离开赛场，及时接受医生的专业治疗。故选C。

【3】段落大意题。根据第四段中的…a concussion is a type of traumatic(创伤) brain injury caused by a bump, blow, or jolt to the head or hit to the body that causes the head and brain to move rapidly back and forth. This type of movement can cause the brain to bounce around or twist inside the skull(颅骨). It can damage brain cells and create chemical changes in the brain.(……脑震荡是一种脑部外伤，是由于头部或身体受到撞击、打击或颠簸而导致头部和大脑快速来回移动。这种类型的移动可以导致大脑在颅骨内跳动或扭曲。它会损伤脑细胞并在大脑中产生化学变化)可知，本段主要解释了什么是脑震荡。故选A。

【4】主旨大意题。根据第一段中的Across the country, sports injuries are a safety concern for young athletes. Now, the American Medical Association (AMA) has a new set of guidelines aimed at protecting players from the danger of concussions-serious injuries caused by a blow to the head.(在全国范围内，运动伤害是年轻运动员的安全隐患。现在，美国医学协会(AMA)有了一套新的指导方针，旨在保护运动员免受脑震荡的危险——头部受到重击造成的严重伤害)可知，本文主要介绍了美国医学协会(AMA)制定的一套旨在保护运动员免受脑震荡的危险的新指导方针。由此可知，A项Rules for Safer Play(更安全的游戏规则)适合作本文最佳标题。故选A。

做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择。在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。如第1小题，要求判断出美国医学协会为什么制定新的指导方针。根据第一段中的Now, the American Medical Association (AMA) has a new set of guidelines aimed at protecting players from the danger of concussions-serious injuries caused by a blow to the head.（现在，美国医学协会(AMA)有了一套新的指导方针，旨在保护运动员免受脑震荡的危险——头部受到重击造成的严重伤害）可知，美国医学协会AMA制定新的指导方针的目的是保护运动员免受脑震荡的危险。故选B。